Model-As-A-Service (MaaS) Using the Cloud Services Innovation Platform (CSIP)

Cloud infrastructures for modelling activities such as data processing, performing environmental simulations, or conducting model calibrations/optimizations provide a cost effective alternative to traditional high performance computing approaches. Cloud - based modelling examples emerged into the m ore formal notion: \u27Model - as - a - Service\u27 (MaaS). This paper presents the Cloud Services Innovation Platform (CSIP) as a software framework offering MaaS. It describes both the internal CSIP infrastructure and software architecture that manages cloud resources for typical modelling tasks, and the use of CSIP\u27s \u27 ModelServices API \u27 for a modelling application . CSIP\u27s architecture supports fast and resource aware auto - scaling of computational resources. An example model service is presented: the USDA hydrograph model EFH2 used in the desktop - based \u27engineering field tools\u27 is deployed as a CSIP service. This and other MaaS CSIP examples benefit from the use of cloud resources to enable straightforward scalable model deployment into cloud environments

Gamma-aminobutyric acid-sub(A) agonists differentially gnawing induced by indirect-acting dopamine agonists in C57BL/6J mice

Evaluated the interaction of either gaboxadol HCl (THIP) or muscimol, both gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A agonists, with indirect-acting dopamine agonists (DAGs) methylphenidate, (+)-amphetamine, metamphetamine, amfonelic acid, indatraline, nomifensine, diclofensine, mazindol, and GBR 12935 and with direct-acting DAGs WIN 35,428, bupropion, GBR 12909, and cocaine. 1,832 male C57BL/6J mice were given either with saline or 1 of the doses of THIP or muscimol before an injection of a dopamine agonist. Gnawing on corrugated packing paper was measured. Results showed that: (1) indirect- but not direct-acting DAGs induced gnawing, (2) gnawing induced by indirect-acting DAGs GBR 12935, nomifensine and mazindol was potentiated in mice in which GABA type A receptors were stimulated either by THIP or muscimol, and (3) indirect DAGs had a differential sensitivity to the effects of THIP and muscimol. ((c) 1998 APA/PsycINFO, all rights reserved

Healthcare professional education in shared decision making in the context of chronic kidney disease: A Scoping Review

Rationale & Objective: Shared decision making (SDM) is a collaborative effort between healthcare professionals, individuals with CKD whereby clinical evidence, expected out-comes and potential side-effects are balanced with individual values and beliefs to provide the best mutually decided treatment option. Meaningful SDM is supported by effective train-ing and education We aimed to identify the available evidence on SDM training and educa-tion of healthcare professionals caring for people with chronic kidney disease. We aimed to identify existing training programs and to explore what means are used to evaluate the quality and effectiveness of these educational efforts. Methodology: We performed a scoping review to study the effectiveness of training or edu-cation about shared decision making of healthcare professionals treating patients with kid-ney disease. EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL and APA PsycInfo were searched. Results: After screening of 1190 articles, 24 articles were included for analysis, of which 20 were suitable for quality appraisal. These included 2 systematic reviews, 1 cohort study, 7 qualitative studies, and 10 studies using mixed methods. Study quality was varied with high quality (n= 5), medium quality (n= 12), and low quality (n= 3) studies. The majority of studies (n= 11) explored SDM education for nurses, and physicians (n= 11). Other HCP profiles in-cluded social workers (n= 6), dieticians (n= 4), and technicians (n= 2). Topics included educa-tion on SDM in withholding of dialysis, modality choice, patient engagement, and end-of-life decisions. Limitations: We observed significant heterogeneity in study design and varied quality of the data. As the literature search is restricted to evidence published between January 2000 and March 2021, relevant literature outside of this time window has not been taken into ac-count. Conclusions: Evidence on training and education of SDM for healthcare professionals taking care of patients with CKD is limited. Curricula are not standardized, and educational and training materials do not belong to the public domain. The extent to which interventions have improved the process of shared-decision making is tested mostly by pre-post testing of healthcare professionals, whereas the impact from the patient perspective for the most part remains untested.

Trends of racial and ethnic disparities in virologic suppression among women in the HIV Outpatient Study, USA, 2010-2015.

In the United States, women accounted for 19% of new HIV diagnoses in 2015 and were less likely to reach virologic suppression when compared to men. We assessed trends and disparities in virologic suppression among HIV-positive women to inform HIV treatment strategies. Data were from a prospective cohort of the HIV Outpatient Study and collected at nine United States HIV clinics. We included women aged ≥18 years, with ≥1 visit, who were prescribed antiretroviral therapy, and had ≥1 viral load test performed between 2010 and 2015. We defined virologic suppression as viral load <50 copies/mL and calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for virologic suppression by race/ethnicity and year of measure. Generalized estimating equations were used for multivariable analyses to assess factors associated with virologic suppression. Among 809 women (median age = 44 years), 482 (60%) were black, 177 (22%) white, 150 (19%) Hispanic/Latina. Virologic suppression was less prevalent among black women (73%) compared with Hispanic/Latina women (83%) and white women (91%). In multivariable analyses, not achieving virologic suppression was more likely among black women (aPR = 2.13; CI = 1.50-3.02) or Hispanic/Latina women (aPR = 1.66; CI = 1.08-2.56) compared with white women, and among women who attended public clinics (aPR = 1.42; CI = 1.07-1.87) compared with those who attended a private clinic. Between 2010 and 2015, virologic suppression among HIV-positive women increased from 68% to 83%, but racial/ethnic disparities persisted. Black and Hispanic/Latina women had significantly lower rates of virologic suppression than white women. Interventions targeting virologic suppression improvement among HIV-positive women of color, especially those who attend public clinics, are warranted

Characteristics of women receiving HIV Care, by year, the HIV Outpatient Study, 2010–2015 (N = 809).

<p>Characteristics of women receiving HIV Care, by year, the HIV Outpatient Study, 2010–2015 (N = 809).</p

Selection steps flowchart of HOPS participants included in the analysis.

<p>Selection steps flowchart of HOPS participants included in the analysis.</p