Uso e eficácia de plantas medicinais com ações em doenças cardiovasculares e em Diabetes Tipo 2: Panax Ginseng, Curcuma Longa, Adonis Vernalis/ Use and effectiveness of medicinal plants action on cardiovascular diseases and Type 2 Diabetes: Panax Ginseng, Curcuma Longa, Adonis Vernalis

OBJETIVOS: O principal objetivo desta pesquisa é estudar o uso da fitoterapia por meio de planta medicinais com ações em doenças cardiovasculares e diabetes tipo 2, analisar o conhecimento e como que o uso das plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos podem influenciar no tratamento das doenças crônicas, dentre elas a diabetes mellitus (DM) e hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS).METODOLOGIA:O presente artigo é um estudo de revisão bibliográfica, de caráter sistemático, com finalidade integrativa. Os estudos e artigos analisados e filtrados são utilizados para a síntese do tema abordado. As buscas foram realizadas em quatro bases de dados bibliográficos–SCIELO, GOOGLE ACADÊMICO, PUBMED E LILACS. Ambos publicados entre 2003 a 2020, encontrado nos idiomas português e inglês traduzidos. Optou-se pela busca de palavras chaves como: Doenças cardiovasculares. Diabetes. Plantas medicinais. Eficácia.RESULTADO: O Panax Ginseng são comumente usados na medicina chinesa e as raízes têm sido usadas para o tratamento de hemoptise, hemostasia e hematoma. Por várias centenas de anos na China e outros países asiáticos, a sua utilização é justificada devido aos seus efeitos cardiovasculares e diabetes e suas complicações. A terapia com a Curcuma Longa pode melhorar o diabetes em relação ao metabolismo da glicose e dos lipídios, aumentar a sensibilidade à insulina e reduzir a resistência à insulina em modelos de diabetes em animais de laboratório. Devido aos seus efeitos de aumento cardíaco, o adonis há muito tempo é usado na medicina popular europeia e chinesa. As plantas do gênero, especialmente A. vernalis L. possuem em seus extratos e princípios ativos com amplas propriedades farmacológicas, incluindo cardiovascular, antiangiogênica, antibacteriana, antioxidante, anti-inflamatória e acaricida além de apresentarem atividades diuréticas e efeitos no sistema nervoso central.CONCLUSÃO:Tendo em vista os dados relatados nas literaturas revisadas as plantas medicinais estão presentes na história humana desde sempre e são cada vez mais sendo procuradas para o tratamento e prevenção de doenças da medicina complementar e alternativa (MCA). Elas têm se tornado boas alternativas para tratamento que envolve as doenças cardiovasculares e diabetes, pois possuem menos efeitos adversos e não causam dependências químicas, sendo uma excelente escolha para auxiliar na melhora da resistência à insulina e regulação da pressão arterial. As informações disponíveis sobre essas espécies nos permitem explorar seu potencial terapêutico, destacar as lacunas em nosso conhecimento e fornece base científica para pesquisas futuras

Acaricidal properties of the essential oil from Aristolochia trilobata and its major constituents against the twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)

Tetranychus urticae Koch is a polyphagous pest that is widely distributed throughout the world and causes considerable damage to crops in northeastern Brazil. The effects of the essential oil from Aristolochia trilobata, selected constituents and an artificial mixture (sulcatyl acetate, limonene, linalool and p-cymene) against T. urticae in terms of fumigant action, residual contact and fecundity were investigated under laboratory conditions. The results were compared to eugenol, azamax® and ortus® as positive controls. GC/MS analysis of the oil revealed a predominance of monoterpenes, with sulcatyl acetate (24.57 ± 0.40%) as the major component, followed by linalool (10.80 ± 0.27%). Toxicity varied with the method employed. Through fumigation, the A. trilobata oil was about 2.18-fold more toxic than the artificial mixture, whereas no significant difference between the two products was found with regard to residual contact. Regarding the selected compounds, the mite was most susceptible to linalool and p-cymene by fumigation and residual contact, respectively. The plant-based (Azamax®) and synthetic (Ortus®) acaricidal agents were more toxic than the products tested. Moreover, low concentrations of the products investigated herein had no effect on mite survival, but a significant effect was found on the quantity of eggs laid by females. The A. trilobata oil and artificial mixture are promising natural acaricidal agents that have more than one mode of action (fumigation and residual contact) and exert an effect on fecundity. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the cost/benefit ratio for use on organic crops and protected environments in northeastern Brazil.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Combining LAESI Imaging and Tissue Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry To Unveil Pesticides Contaminants in Fruits

There is an increasing need for developing a strategy to analyze the penetration of pesticides in cultures during postharvest control with minimal or no sample preparation. This study explores the combined use of laser ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (LAESI imaging) and tissue spray ionization mass spectrometry (TSI-MS) to investigate the penetration of thiabendazole (TBZ) in fruits, simulating a postharvest procedure. Slices of guava and apple were prepared, and an infrared laser beam was used, resulting in the ablation of TBZ directly ionized by electrospray and analyzed by mass spectrometry. The experiments were conducted for 5 days of fruit storage after TBZ administration to simulate a postharvest treatment. During postharvest treatment, TBZ is applied directly to the fruit peel after harvesting. Consequently, TBZ residues may remain on the peel if the consumer does not wash the fruit properly before its consumption. To evaluate the effectiveness of household washing procedures, TSI-MS was employed as a rapid and straightforward technique to monitor the remaining amount of TBZ in guava and apple peels following fruit washing. This study highlights the advantages of LAESI imaging for evaluating TBZ penetration in fruits. Moreover, the powerful capabilities of TSI-MS are demonstrated in monitoring and estimating TBZ residues after pesticide application, enabling the comprehensive unveiling of pesticide contaminants in fruits