The Role of Science, Technology and Innovation in Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals

Sustainable development goals (SDGs) is global plan of action for planet, people, peace and prosperity. The SDGs were built on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) a development plan aimed to eradicating poverty and fostering development. The SDGs were meant to conclude the unfinished business of the MDGs and respond to new challenges. The 2030 Agenda for sustainable development recognizes science, technology and innovation (STI) as key drivers enabling and acceleration towards prosperous inclusive and environmentally sustainable economies in all countries. Some of the SDGs and targets have major focus on environmental and natural resources. Many challenges in these two areas need science, technology and innovation as solutions to the problems. Due to this, the objectives of this paper is to address the role of science, technology and innovation in implementing the sustainable development goals. This has been done with particular reference to the SDGs that have main focus to environmental and natural resources which are SDGs 2, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13 and 14. This have been done by pinpointing the strategies, barriers and remedies that are encountered when applying STI in implementation of these goals nationally and globally. The paper is divided into five sections which include, introduction, methodology used in looking for the references, literature review, implementation of SDGs using STI, conclusion and references. The role of STI in the implementation of the SDGs have been shown by the reviewed studies in terms of strategies, barriers and remedies

Advances in Nanomaterials Sciences and Nanotechnology for Sustainable Development: A Review

The fields of materials sciences have great opportunities to address the challenges of sustainable development of modern societies. The sub-disciplines of materials sciences of interest in this review are nanomaterials sciences and nanotechnology. Nanomaterials possess one external dimension measuring 1-100 nm. They have larger surface area for the same mass than their bulk materials. They are more reactive with effects on their electrical, optical and magnetic properties. Thus, nanomaterials are promising for sustainable development in the areas of energy, water, chemicals, electronics, medical and pharmaceutical industries, CO2 mitigation and agriculture. To this end, this review explores the advances in nanomaterials sciences, nanotechnology and the potential applications of nanomaterials for sustainable development. In this review, 73 peer reviewed articles and abstracts were retrieved. The review considered nanomaterials of carbon, inorganic materials, semiconductors, polymeric and lipid based materials. It has been found that nanomaterials sciences and nanotechnology is promising for potential applications in the areas of environmental remediation, energy, food, agriculture, industry, molecular biology, medicine and in pharmaceutical industries for sustainable development. Keywords: nanomaterials sciences, nanotechnology, sustainable developmen

catena-Poly[[[{5,5′-dimeth­oxy-2,2′-[ethane-1,2-diylbis(nitrilo­methyl­idyne)]diphenolato}manganese(III)]-μ-acetato] methanol monosolvate]

The title MnIII compound, {[Mn(C18H18N2O4)(CH3COO)]·CH3OH}n, was synthesized by a reaction between mangan­ese(II) acetate and ethyl­enebis(4-meth­oxy­salicylaldimine). The structure is made up of bis­(4-meth­oxy­salicyldene)ethyl­enediaminatomanganese(III) units bridged by acetate groups, with Mn—N = 1.9786 (9), Mn—O = 1.8784 (10) and Mn—Oacetate = 2.056 (9) and 2.2571 (9) Å, forming a one dimensional polymer (–Mn–acetate–Mn–acetate–) along [100]. The MnIII atom is in a Jahn–Teller-distorted octa­hedral environment with cis angles ranging from 81.87 (4) to 96.53 (4)° and trans angles ranging from 166.11 (3) to 173.93 (3)°. The methanol solvent mol­ecule is hydrogen bonded to the phenolate O atom. In addition to this classical hydrogen bond, there are weak C—H⋯O inter­actions. The structure was determined from a crystal twinned by pseudo-merohedry

Dibromido(4,7-diazadecane-1,10-di­amine)­copper(II)

In the title compound, [CuBr2(C8H22N4)], the CuII atom is six-coordinate forming a distorted octa­hedral complex and is bonded to two axial bromide anions and four equatorial nitro­gen donors. The equatorial Cu—N bond distances range from 2.005 (8) to 2.046 (8) Å while the axial Cu—Br distances are 2.8616 (17) and 2.9402 (17) Å, thus the six-coordinate Cu complex shows the usual Jahn–Teller distortion. All amine hydrogen atoms participate in either inter- or intra­molecular hydrogen bonding to the Br anions

Bis[μ-2-(2-pyridylmethyl­amino­meth­yl)phenolato]-κ4 N,N′,O:O;κ4 O:N,N′,O-bis­[(thio­cyanato-κN)copper(II)]

The centrosymmetric binuclear complex, [Cu2(C13H13N2O)2(NCS)2], formed via phenolate oxygen bridges, involves the CuII atoms in a distorted square-pyramidal coordination [τ = 0.197 (1)]. A Cu⋯Cu separation of 3.2281 (3) Å is observed. The in-plane Cu—Ophenolate distance [1.9342 (8) Å] is shorter than the axial distance [2.252 (8) Å]. The Cu—Namine and Cu—Npy distances are similar [2.0095 (10) and 2.0192 (10) Å, respectively]. The Cu—Nthio­cyanate distance [1.9678 (11) Å] is in the range found for Cu—N distances in previously determined structures containing coordinated thio­cyanate anions. There is an inter­molecular hydrogen bond between the amine H atom and the S atom of a coordinated thio­cyanate anion

Di-μ-perchlorato-bis­{μ-2-[(2-pyrid­yl)methyl­amino­meth­yl]phenolato)dicopper(II) acetonitrile disolvate

In the crystal of the dinuclear title compound, [Cu2(C13H13N2O)2(ClO4)2]·2CH3CN, the two bridging perchlorate ions chelate to the two CuII atoms in a μ-O:O′ fashion on opposite sides of the equatorial plane. The CuII ions display a distorted octa­hedral coordination geometry (in the usual 4 + 2 Jahn–Teller arrangement), each being coordinated by two O atoms from the two perchlorate ligands, and two N and O atoms from the reduced Schiff base ligand. The asymmetric unit contains two acetonitrile solvent mol­ecules. In the crystal structure, in addition to N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, there are weak C—H⋯O inter­actions between the perchlorate O atoms and the reduced Schiff base ligand. C—H⋯N inter­actions are also present

{3,3′,5,5′-Tetra­meth­oxy-2,2′-[ethane-1,2-diylbis(nitrilo­methyl­idyne)]diphenolato}nickel(II)

The title square-planar nickel complex, [Ni(C20H22N2O6)], has Ni—N and Ni—O bond lengths of 1.8448 (14)/1.8478 (14) and 1.8536 (12)/1.8520 (12) Å. There is a slight twist in the two benzene rings at each end of the complex [dihedral angle = 11.11 (5)°]. All the atoms of the meth­oxy substitutents are in the plane of the ring to which they are attached except for one which deviates slightly [0.365 (3) Å]. In the crystal, weak C—H⋯O inter­molecular inter­actions connect the mol­ecules

Di-μ2-acetato-diacetato-bis­{μ2-3,3′,5,5′-tetra­meth­oxy-2,2-[ethane-1,2-diylbis(nitrilo­methyl­idyne)]diphenolato}tricobalt(II,III) dichloro­methane disolvate

The trinuclear title compound, [Co3(CH3COO)4(C20H22N2O6)2]·2CH2Cl2, contains mixed-valence cobalt ions in the following order CoIII–CoII–CoIII where all the three cobalt ions are hexa­coordinated. The central cobalt ion is situated on an inversion centre and is in an all-oxygen environment, coordinated by four phenolate O atoms and two O atoms from bridging acetate groups, while the terminal cobalt ion is hexa­coordinated by two phenolate O atoms, two acetate O atoms and two imine N atoms. This complex contains a high-spin central CoII and two terminal low-spin CoIII i.e. CoIII(S = 0)–CoII(S = 3/2)-CoIII(S = 0). There are weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions involving the meth­oxy groups, as well as inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions involving the acetate anions. In addition, the dichoromethane solvate mol­ecules are held in place by weak C—H⋯Cl inter­actions

μ-Bromido-bis{μ-2,2′-[4,7-diaza­decane-1,10-diylbis(nitrilo­methanylyl­idene)]diphenolato}tricopper(II) bromide dimethyl­formamide disolvate

The complex mol­ecule of the title compound, [Cu3Br(C22H28N4O2)2]Br·2C3H7NO, contains three copper atoms, two of which are five-coordinate within a square-pyramidal environment and linked by a bridging Br atom occupying the apical position in each square pyramid. The remaining Cu atom is four-coordinate but with considerable tetra­hedral disortion [the dihedral angle between the two chelate planes is 69.21 (7)°]. There are two mol­ecules of dimethyl­formamide (DMF) present as solvent mol­ecules, one of which is disordered over two equivalent conformations with occupancies of 0.603 (5) and 0.397 (5). The amine H atoms are involved in both inter- and intra­molecular hydrogen-bonding inter­actions with the Br and O atoms of the cation, as well as with the O atom of the ordered DMF mol­ecule