The Cost of Culture The Impact of National Culture on the Pass-Through of Commodity Shocks

This study analyzes the impact of national culture on the pass-through of commodity price shocks to retail goods. In particular, this study explores the commodities of coffee, cotton and steel. Through the use of regression analysis, this study looks to determine the relationship between two key predictive variables: risk tolerance of a country and commodity shocks within a company’s associated commodity market, and their impact on the value of companies within that country. Additional factors are explored at the firm financial level and the firm country level. The purpose of this study is to examine if consumers of one country will pay more overall for retail goods than consumers of another country, based on the culture of companies involved in the supply chain of that good. An analysis of firms in countries with varying levels of risk tolerance will indicate which countries absorb or pass more of the shock to consumers. Findings indicate that national culture and commodity shocks do not have an overall influential effect on the price that consumers are paying across the commodity chains explored. Culture, in terms of the level of uncertainty avoidance in the country of incorporation, plays no significant role in the pass-through of commodity price shocks. While it was seen that culture does not have significant implications on commodity price shocks, it does begin to suggest that the recent globalization phenomenon has taken a formal standing in the way that businesses are performing internationally. Implications for global managers are found within the context of this research and its application henceforth in the field of international finance

A Fractured Standard: How the Fourth Circuit Granted Expansive Implied Property Rights to Mineral Owners

Extraction of natural gas through hydraulic fracturing poses a significant risk of harm to human health and the environment. West Virginia, like many states that lie above vast oil and gas resources, grants expansive implied property rights to owners of subsurface mineral estates. In Whiteman v. Chesapeake, L.L.C., the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit held that a hydraulic fracturing company’s construction and use of drilling waste pits on the surface of another’s property did not constitute a trespass under West Virginia common law because it was reasonably necessary for the recovery of natural gas and did not impose a substantial burden on the surface property. This Comment argues that the court’s decision misapplied a common law standard to a unique set of facts and, as a result, has significantly diluted the protections afforded to individual landowners. The court should have determined that a permanent disposal of waste on the surface of another’s property exceeds the implied rights of mineral estate owners because such a use is not necessary. In addition, even if the court had found that such a disposal was necessary, it should have concluded that permanent disposal of waste was not reasonable

Ohio

In recent years, as a result of Ohio’s Utica shale boom, Ohio courts have confronted the issue of how to apply the Ohio Marketable Title Act. As with many statutes, there are generally two questions to answer: (1) does the particular statute apply to the particular facts of the case? and (2) if the statute applies in the first instance, how does a court apply the statute to the particular facts of the case

Serial Coronary Imaging of Early Atherosclerosis Development in Fast-Food-Fed Diabetic and Nondiabetic Swine

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at increased risk for atherosclerosis-related events compared to non-DM (NDM) patients. With an expected worldwide epidemic of DM, early detection of anatomic and functional coronary atherosclerotic changes is gaining attention. To improve our understanding of early atherosclerosis development, we studied a swine model that gradually developed coronary atherosclerosis. Interestingly, optical coherence tomography, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), vascular function, and histology demonstrated no differences between development of early atherosclerosis in fast-food-fed (FF) DM swine and that in FF-NDM swine. Coronary computed tomography angiography did not detect early atherosclerosis, but optical coherence tomography and near-infrared spectroscopy demonstrated coronary atherosclerosis development in FF-DM and FF-NDM swine

Spartan Daily, March 3, 1987

Volume 88, Issue 24https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/7550/thumbnail.jp

Notes from the Directional Drilling Workshop

20 pages These notes were taken by one of our law students attending the workshop. They are not a verbatim transcript and they were not supplied by, and may not have been reviewed by, the speakers. There may be errors or gaps in the notes and for these we apologize in advance. Where the speaker provided an abstract of their talk, these are included and noted as such

Spartan Daily, March 3, 1987

Volume 88, Issue 24https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/7550/thumbnail.jp