10 research outputs found
An Atypical Case of Hepatitis B-Associated Vasculitis
One of the many extra-hepatic manifestations of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections is vasculitis. While the classic HBV-associated vasculitis is polyarteritis nodosa, other vasculitides have been reported. The authors present an atypical case of acute HBV-associated vasculitis in a 57-year-old male with tobacco use disorder, characterised by extremity ischaemia, gangrene, splenic infarction, and positive proteinase-3 antibodies without sinopulmonary, gastrointestinal, or renal disease. The aggressiveness of the patient’s disease necessitated pulse-dose corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, and two courses of plasmapheresis, and ultimately required multiple amputations of fingers and toes
Complex vesicocutaneous fistula: Successful conservative management
Vesicocutaneous fistulas are rare entities that could be either congenital or acquired. The diagnosis is usually based on clinical findings and imaging modalities. While most vesicocutaneous fistulas heal spontaneously, it is important to decrease the intravesicular pressure by diverting the urine. Moreover, surgical options are present to remove the fistula. In this case report, we highlight the case of a 67-year-old male, with recurrent obstructive cystitis and colorectal adenocarcinoma who developed a vesicocutaneous fistula. Decompression of the bladder led to complete closure of the tract
Uterine choriocarcinoma diagnosed 11 years after menopause: A case report
Background: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasms (GTNs) encompass a wide spectrum of diseases, of which choriocarcinoma is one of the most common. Choriocarcinoma occurs mainly in relation to pregnancy and rarely after the menopause. It has the potential to metastasize to organs other than the uterus. Case Report: We describe a 62-year-old woman who presented with postmenopausal bleeding 11 years after the menopause. Pelvic ultrasound and abdominal/pelvic computerized tomography showed an intrauterine mass. Choriocarcinoma was diagnosed by Pipelle endometrial biopsy with positive staining for beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and KI 67 along with an elevated serum beta-hCG level. The tumor was managed with multiple cycles of multidrug chemotherapy and follow-up based on serum beta-hCG levels according to the guidelines of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO). Conclusion: This case report highlights that choriocarcinoma, a tumor normally associated with pregnancy, can present after the menopause. Keywords: Postmenopausal Bleeding, Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasms, Uterine Choriocarcinoma, Menopause, Chemotherap
Unusual presentation of urban leptospirosis complicated by a septic shock
Leptospirosis, an infectious zoonosis, is common to tropical areas. The clinical presentation varies from flu-like symptoms to a serious presentation called Weil’s syndrome. Fever and conjunctival suffusion are present in the majority of patients. This case report describes a resident of New York City who presented initially with gastroenteritis symptoms without fever or conjunctival suffusion to develop septic shock before being diagnosed with leptospirosis. Keywords: Urban leptospirosis, Unusual presentation, Weil’s syndrome, Sepsi
Cardiac arrest identified by a chest CT scan in a patient with normal telemetry findings
Early recognition of cardiac arrest has been linked traditionally to clinical signs and telemetry findings. Few case reports have presented normal telemetry findings in patients with cardiac arrest where a contrast enhanced CT scan of the chest was able to identify the diagnosis. The early recognition of a cardiac arrest whether by telemetry monitoring or CT scan is important to improve the clinical outcomes. This case report presents a patient who was hypertensive and unresponsive upon arrival to the emergency department. A chest CT scan to rule out aortic dissection showed no contrast in the pulmonary arteries, aorta, and the rest of the heart chambers although normal telemetry findings were present. Resuscitation was initiated, and patient survived with poor neurological recovery. Keywords: Cardiac arrest, Chest CT scan, Telemetry findings, Pulseless electrical activit
COVID-19 and antiphospholipid antibodies: A position statement and management guidance from AntiPhospholipid Syndrome Alliance for Clinical Trials and InternatiOnal Networking (APS ACTION)
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a high rate of
thrombosis. Prolonged activated partial thromboplastin times (aPTT) and
antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are reported in COVID-19 patients. The
majority of publications have not reported whether patients develop
clinically relevant persistent aPL, and the clinical significance of new
aPL-positivity in COVID-19 is currently unknown. However, the reports of
aPL-positivity in COVID-19 raised the question whether common mechanisms
exist in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and antiphospholipid syndrome
(APS). In both conditions, thrombotic microangiopathy resulting in
microvascular injury and thrombosis is hypothesized to occur through
multiple pathways, including endothelial damage, complement activation,
and release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETosis). APS-ACTION, an
international APS research network, created a COVID-19 working group
that reviewed common mechanisms, positive aPL tests in COVID-19
patients, and implications of COVID-19 infection for patients with known
aPL positivity or APS, with the goals of proposing guidance for clinical
management and monitoring of aPL-positive COVID-19 patients. This
guidance also serves as a call and focus for clinical and basic
scientific research