The Distribution of Earnings Profiles in Longitudinal Data

We take advantage of our longitudinal data to explore individual variation in the parameters of individual earnings functions. (1) For this purpose we fit an earnings function to each of the individual histories in the sample.(2) We then try to ascertain the extent to which the estimated variation in individual parameters helps in explaining the cross-sectional variation in earnings.(3) we further inquire into the relation between the individual parameters and a vector of personal characteristics, as well as(4) into indirect (via variables and parameters) and direct effects of these characteristics on earnings.

The Interaction of Obesity Related Genotypes, Phenotypes, and Economics: An Experimental Economics Approach with Mice

Food intake is greatly influenced by economic factors. Consequently, neuroeconomics has been identified as a new and important area for understanding the interaction between genotypes and phenotypes related to food intake. A foundational element of economics is choice between alternatives. Changing food choices are a central element in the explanation of the increasing obesity rates in human populations. The purpose of this research is to incorporate the key element of choice into the investigation of food intake and weight-related phenotypes for mice in an operant chamber setting. Using normal mice, and mice with a mutation in the Tubby gene (Tub-Mut) which results in adult onset obesity, this research will investigate different behavioral responses among genotypes, as well as unexplored phenotype outcomes when mice are confronted with a falling price of a high fat food relative to a low fat food. Results for both genotypes indicate that as the price of the high fat food falls, consumption of that food increases, but consumption of the low fat food does not decrease in a compensatory fashion. For both genotypes, weight and body fat percentage increases with decreasing high fat food price, but ghrelin and leptin levels do not significantly change. The Tub-Mut shows a significant increase in the area under the glucose tolerance curve, suggestive of a diabetic state. These results show that accounting for choice in neuroeconomic studies is important to understanding the complex regulation of body weight and diabetes.Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Solving Potential Scattering Equations without Partial Wave Decomposition

Considering two-body integral equations we show how they can be dimensionally reduced by integrating exactly over the azimuthal angle of the intermediate momentum. Numerical solution of the resulting equation is feasible without employing a partial-wave expansion. We illustrate this procedure for the Bethe-Salpeter equation for pion-nucleon scattering and give explicit details for the one-nucleon-exchange term in the potential. Finally, we show how this method can be applied to pion photoproduction from the nucleon with $\pi N$ rescattering being treated so as to maintain unitarity to first order in the electromagnetic coupling. The procedure for removing the azimuthal angle dependence becomes increasingly complex as the spin of the particles involved increases.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figure

Report of the Consultation on Stock Assessment for Small-Scale Fisheries in the Bay of Bengal

The total marine fish production in India has been estimated at an average of 1.37 million tones a year for the two year period of 1978-79. Roughly two thirds of this is contributed by the traditional small-scale fisheries and the rest by small and medium sized mechanised ‘boats using mostly bottom trawls and gill nets. Nearly 30% of the marine fish produced in India is landed along the east coast

A review of the shrimp fisheries

Shrimp are caught along most of the 6000 km long coastline of India. -To tal catches expanded rapidly between 1965 and 1973, but since then catches have fluctuated, and most recent catches have been below the peak of 220000 tons in 197

Review of the shrimp fisheries of India: a scientific basis for the management of the resources

Shrimp are caught along most of the 6000 km long coastline of India. Total catches expanded rapidly between 1965 and 1973, but since then catches have fluctuated, and most recent catches have been below the peak of 220000 tons in 1975. A number of different species are caught, with a variety of gears, including trawlers in the offshore grounds, and several types of traditional gear in the inshore and lagoon area

Retraction-Related Liver Lobe Necrosis After Laparoscopic Gastric Surgery

Reviewed are various types of retractor-related liver injuries during laparoscopic surgery. Highlighted is the importance of intermittent release of retraction during prolonged operative procedures

Hypericin, Hypocrellin, and Model Compounds: Primary Photoprocesses of Light-Induced Antiviral Agents

The excited-state photophysics of the light-induced antiviral agents hypericin and hypocrellin are compared with those of the hexa- and tetramethoxy analogues of hypericin. The results are consistent with the interpretation of the primary photoprocess in hypericin and hypocrellin as that of excited-state intramolecular proton or atom transfer

Prevalence of elevated alanine transaminase in Australia and its relationship to metabolic risk factors: A cross-sectional study of 9,447 people

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) is a strong predictor of metabolic syndrome, but there are few data from the Australian population. We aimed to determine the prevalence of elevated ALT and association with metabolic risk factors. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study including adult participants (N = 9,447) from a nationwide, population-based survey, we assessed the prevalence of elevated ALT [defined as ≥ 40 IU/L (men) and ≥ 30 IU/L (women) as baseline, and ALT as ≥ 30 IU/L (men) and ≥ 19 IU/L (women) as lower threshold], distribution of metabolic risk factors, and independent predictors of elevated ALT in logistic regression models. Analyses were weighted to the population with population weights. RESULTS: Elevated ALT levels were found in 11.2% of the Australian population. People with elevated ALT were younger (43 vs 46 yrs) with more truncal adiposity (100 vs 91 cm), higher pro-atherogenic lipids and glucose and exercised less (120 vs 160 min per week, P < 0.05 for all analyses). Regression analyses indicated that younger age, male sex, diabetes, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, and waist circumference were independent predictors of elevated ALT. The population attributable fraction of elevated ALT due to truncal obesity was estimated at 47%. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate a high prevalence of elevated ALT in the general population that is closely associated with metabolic risk factors. Individuals with elevated ALT should be evaluated for co-existent metabolic disorders