2,101 research outputs found
The Internalisation of External Costs in Transport: From the Polluter Pays to the Cheapest Cost Avoider Principle
The European Commission mandated the consulting firm CE Delft to develop a framework for the internalisation of external costs and to devise a number of potential internalisation scenarios for further analysis. The results of their preliminary research are published in a CE discussion paper, and the Commission is now formulating draft legislative proposals which will be subjected to a consultation of stakeholders.The present report offers a critical assessment of the above mentioned CE study, provides a theoretical examination of the relative strengths and weaknesses of the polluter pays principle and the cheapest cost avoider principle in relation to the problems arising in the road transport sector, demonstrates how the cheapest cost avoider principle can be applied in practice by providing examples of external costs in road transport, and puts forward recommendations for the appropriate principles that should guide the Commission's further activities in this area.Cheapest Cost Avoider, Externalities, Transport,
Spin noise spectroscopy in GaAs (110) quantum wells: Access to intrinsic spin lifetimes and equilibrium electron dynamics
In this letter, the first spin noise spectroscopy measurements in
semiconductor systems of reduced effective dimensionality are reported. The
non-demolition measurement technique gives access to the otherwise concealed
intrinsic, low temperature electron spin relaxation time of n-doped GaAs (110)
quantum wells and to the corresponding low temperature anisotropic spin
relaxation. The Brownian motion of the electrons within the spin noise probe
laser spot becomes manifest in a modification of the spin noise line width.
Thereby, the spatially resolved observation of the stochastic spin polarization
uniquely allows to study electron dynamics at equilibrium conditions with a
vanishing total momentum of the electron system
Разработка методов малоглубинной сейсморазведки на основе обработки многокомпонентных данных поверхностных волн
08381 Abstracts Collection -- Computational Complexity of Discrete Problems
From the 14th of September to the 19th of September, the Dagstuhl Seminar
08381 ``Computational Complexity of Discrete Problems\u27\u27 was held in Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz Center for Informatics.
During the seminar, several participants presented their current
research, and ongoing work as well as open problems were discussed.
Abstracts of the presentations given during the seminar as well as abstracts of
seminar results and ideas are put together in this report. The first section
describes the seminar topics and goals in general.
Links to extended abstracts or full papers are provided, if available
Entsorgungsverhalten der Bevölkerung im östlichen Landkreis Fürstenfeldbruck unter dem Aspekt einer angestrebten Getrenntmüllsammlung
Amino acid sequence of proteinase K from the mold Tritirachium album Limber Proteinase K — a subtilisin-related enzyme with disulfide bonds
AbstractThe amino acid sequence of proteinase K (EC 3.4.21.14) from Tritirachium album Limber has been determined by analysis of fragments generated by cleavage with CNBr or BNPS-skatole. The enzyme consists of a single peptide chain containing 277 amino acid residues, corresponding to Mr 28 930. Comparison of the sequence with those of the serine proteinases reveals a high degree of homology (about 35%) to the subtilisin-related enzyme. But in contrast to the subtilisins, proteinase K contains 2 disulfide bonds and a free cysteine residue. This finding may indicate that proteinase K is a member of a new subfamily of the subtilisins
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