An immune dysfunction score for stratification of patients with acute infection based on whole-blood gene expression

Dysregulated host responses to infection can lead to organ dysfunction and sepsis, causing millions of global deaths each year. To alleviate this burden, improved prognostication and biomarkers of response are urgently needed. We investigated the use of whole-blood transcriptomics for stratification of patients with severe infection by integrating data from 3149 samples from patients with sepsis due to community-acquired pneumonia or fecal peritonitis admitted to intensive care and healthy individuals into a gene expression reference map. We used this map to derive a quantitative sepsis response signature (SRSq) score reflective of immune dysfunction and predictive of clinical outcomes, which can be estimated using a 7- or 12-gene signature. Last, we built a machine learning framework, SepstratifieR, to deploy SRSq in adult and pediatric bacterial and viral sepsis, H1N1 influenza, and COVID-19, demonstrating clinically relevant stratification across diseases and revealing some of the physiological alterations linking immune dysregulation to mortality. Our method enables early identification of individuals with dysfunctional immune profiles, bringing us closer to precision medicine in infection.peer-reviewe

Trade unions,

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Russian affairs,

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The problem of the aged poor;

Introduction.--pt. I. Extent and causes of old age pauperism and the means for meeting it.--pt. II. Old age pensions.--pt. III Conclusions.--Appendices.Mode of access: Internet

Supply chain optimisation for an ultrasound-organosolv lignocellulosic biorefinery: Impact of technology choices

Conversion of lignocellulose to value-added products is normally focussed on fuel production via ethanol or heat. In this work, a techno-economic assessment of a biorefinery with three product streams, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin is presented. Moreover, the techno-economic assessment is evaluated in the context of the supply chain through optimisation. A mixed integer linear program was developed to allow for flexible scenarios in order to determine effects of technological and pre-processing variations on the supply chain. The techno-economic and optimisation model integration was demonstrated on a case study in Scotland using woody biomass, either as sawnlogs or sawmill chips. It was established that sawmill chips is the preferred option, however sawnlogs became competitive once passive drying to 30% moisture content (wet basis) was considered. The flexibility of the modelling approach allowed for consideration of technology savings in the context of the supply chain, which can impact development choices

Supply Chain Optimisation for an Ultrasound-Organosolv Lignocellulosic Biorefinery: Impact of Technology Choices

Conversion of lignocellulose to value-added products is normally focussed on fuel production via ethanol or heat. In this work, a techno-economic assessment of a biorefinery with three product streams, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin is presented. Moreover, the techno-economic assessment is evaluated in the context of the supply chain through optimisation. A mixed integer linear program was developed to allow for flexible scenarios in order to determine effects of technological and pre-processing variations on the supply chain. The techno-economic and optimisation model integration was demonstrated on a case study in Scotland using woody biomass, either as sawnlogs or sawmill chips. It was established that sawmill chips is the preferred option, however sawnlogs became competitive once passive drying to 30% moisture content (wet basis) was considered. The flexibility of the modelling approach allowed for consideration of technology savings in the context of the supply chain, which can impact development choices

Report[s], [minutes of evidence, indexes, answers to questions].

Answers to the schedules of questions issued by the commission, groups A-C. 1892. 3 v. in 2. (C. 6795--VII-IX).Indexes: I-II. Indexes to the evidence, groups A-C.--III. Glossary of the technical terms used in the evidence -- IV. Index to the evidence given by representatives of co-operative societies and of various movements and by public officials. 1892-94. 4 [i.e. 6] v. in 1. (C. 7063--III-V C).Minutes of evidence, with appendices, taken before groups A, B and C [with digests and indexes]: Group A. Mining, iron, engineering, hardware, shipbuilding and cognate trades -- Group B. Transport and agriculture (the term "transport" including railways, shipping, canals, docks and tramways) -- Group C. Textile, clothing, chemical, building and miscellaneous trades. 1892-93. 18 v. in 9 (C. 6708--I-VI, C. 6795--I-VI, C. 6894--VII-XII).Minutes of evidence taken before the commission (sitting as a whole) Representatives of co-operative societies and of various movements, and of public officials. [With Digest, and appendix] 1893-94. 3 v. in 1. (C. 7063--I, II, IIIA).First [to Fifth and final] report[s] 1892-94. 5 v. in l (C. 6708, 6795, 6894, 7063, 7421)."The agricultural labourer. Review of the inquiry carried out in England and Wales, Scotland and Ireland, in 1892 and 1893, and of the reports of the assistant commissioners, by William C. Little, (senior assistant commissioner)": 5th report, p. 195-253.Report by Sir John E. Gorst: 5th report, p. 148-151.Minority report signed by William Abraham, Michael Austin, James Mawdsley, Tom Mann: 5th report, p. 127-147.The Duke of Devonshire, chairman. Geoffrey Drage, secretary.Mode of access: Internet.With First [to Fifth and final (Part I)] report[s] 1892-1894 is bound: Employment of women. Reports by Miss Eliza Orme, Miss Clara E. Collett, Miss May E. Abraham, and Miss Margaret H. Irwin (lady assistant commissioners) on the conditions of work in various industries in England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland