Ukuran Organ Sistem Reproduksi Itik Jantan Yang Disuplementasi Probiotik Mep+ Berbagai Dosis Selama 30 Hari

Probiotics MEP+ can increase fowl weight and weft efficiency, therefore it is important to know probiotics MEP+ effect at different dosage toward reproduction aspect. This research aimed to examine duck reproduction organ size suplemented with probiotics MEP+ with different dosage within 30 days. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments with different dosages within 30 days which was without probiotic\u27s application or control (K), 0,75 ml/kg wefts (P1) dose, 1,5 ml/kg wefts (P2) dose, a n d 3 ml/kg wefts (P3) dose. Each treatment repeated 8 times. Total 40 ducks raised in floor dry cage system. At 31st day of treatment duck reproduction system organ was measured. Whole results show increase average data (±SD) for weight of both right and left testis, and liver weight with highly probiotics dosage it, however the analysis result statistic not significant (P>0,05) except weight of right left testis with duck weight or gonadosomatic indeks (GSI) were very significant (P<0,01) among all treatment at different dosages was compared control. The results is confirmed that probiotic\u27s MEP+ treatment with different dosages within 30 days gave no effect towards duck reproduction system organ size except to gonadosomatic indeks (GSI) male duck

Profil dan Learning Outcomes Lulusan Pendidikan Akuntansi sebagai Referensi Lptk dalam Menyiapkan Guru Akuntansi Bermutu

The objective of this research is to stipulate the profile and learning outcome of the graduates of the Study Program of Accounting Education, the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Sebelas Maret University. It is intended to help the Indonesian government to prepare the qualified teacher of Accounting subject matter according to the perceptions of alumni, lecturers, stakeholders, profession associations, and decision makers.The data sources of research were 96 students, 248 alumni, 15 lecturers, 15 stakeholders, Association of Accounting Educator Profession of Indonesia, and Chief of the Study Program of Accounting Education, Sebelas Maret University. The data of research were collected through observation, documentation, and FGD. They were analyzed by using the qualitative approach.The results of research show that (1) the profile of the graduates of the Study Program of Accounting Education includes the prospective teachers of Accounting subject matter for Vocational High Schools and Senior Secondary Schools who major in Introduction to Accounting and Finance, Number Processing/Spreadsheet, Banking, Accounting of Service and Trading Company, Financial Accounting, Accounting Computer, Accounting of Manufacturing Company, and Tax Administration; prospective Accounting instructors at non-formal education programs;; edupreneurs in the field of accounting and finance; junior researchers in the field of accounting and finance; and assistant accountants, and (2) the learning outcome expected includes attitude, knowledge, general and special skills, characters, and transferable soft skills which are relevant with the demands of the general public

Mechanisms of IFN-mediated induction of IL-10 from T cells in Th17-polarizing conditions.

<p>(<b>A</b>). Proliferation of IL-10⁺ and IL-17⁺ CD4 T cells upon IFNβ treatment. Purified CD4 T cells were labeled with 5 µM of CFSE (carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester) and stimulated under the Th17 polarizing condition in the presence of IFNβ. After 3 days of culture, cells were stained for CD4, IL-10 and IL-17 and analyzed by FACS. Shown are representative CFSE profiles as well as intracellular IL-10 or IL-17 staining on gated CD4 cells. (<b>B</b>). Induction of IL-10 by IFNβ in fully differentiated Th17 cells. Naive CD4⁺ T cells were stimulated under the Th17-polarizing condition. After 3 days, T cells were re-cultured again for two more rounds under the same Th17 culture condition. In the third round of Th17 differentiation, T cells were treated with or without IFNβ. Expression of IL-17 and IL-10 was measured by intracellular cytokine staining and FACS analysis. Data are representative of three experiments with similar results.</p

IFN-mediated inhibition of gene expression in Th17 cells.

<p>(<b>A</b>) The expression of IL-17A mRNA in Th17 cells treated with IFNβ. Naive T cells were cultured under Th17 condition in the presence of IFNβ (500 U/ml) for 3 days, the expression level of IL-17 mRNA was measured by Quantitative RT-PCR. Values are normalized to their average beta-actin values, and are presented as relative expression units. Error bars indicate ± SD among duplicate samples from one experiment. (<b>B</b>) Quantitative RT-PCR of the expression of mRNA encoding RORγt in Th17 cells treated with IFNβ. Values are normalized to their average beta-actin values and are presented as relative expression units. Error bars indicate ± SD among duplicate samples from one experiment. Data are representative of three independent experiments with similar results.</p

Encephalitogenic T cells treated with IFN lead to reduced EAE.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Wt mice were immunized with MOG peptide emulsified in CFA. On day 12 post immunization, total splenocytes were isolated and re-stimulated with MOG peptide ex vivo in the presence or absence of IFNβ for 3 days. Then CD4 T cells were purified and adoptively transferred into wt receipt mice. In addition, a mixture of antigen re-stimulated CD4 T cells containing both untreated and IFN-treated T cells (Tmix) were transferred into wt mice (5 mice per group). The mice were monitored daily for clinical sign of disease. (<b>B</b>) Total splenocytes were isolated from mice in (A) and re-stimulated with MOG peptide ex vivo, the IL-17 production was measured by ELISA. Results are reported as mean±SD of triplicate samples from one representative experiment. Data are representative of three experiments with similar results.</p

Upregulation of IL-10 expression in T cells by IFNβ.

<p>Naïve CD4 T cells were cultured in Th17 polarizing conditions as described above in the presence of IFNβ for 72 hours. Expression of IL-17 and IL-10 in CD4 T cells was determined by intracellular cytokine staining. Data are representative of five experiments with similar results.</p

IL-27 and IFNβ synergistically induce IL-10 production by Th17 cells.

<p>(<b>A</b>) and (<b>B</b>) CD4 T cells were cultured under the Th17 conditions in the presence of IFNβ or IL-27 as indicated for 72 hours, the concentration of IL-17 or IL-10 in the culture supernatants was measured by ELISA. Results are reported as mean±SD of triplicate samples from one representative experiment. Data are representative of five experiments with similar results.</p

IFNβ promotes IL-10 production from antigen-specific T cells.

<p>(<b>A</b>) and (<b>B</b>) Wt mice were immunized with MOG peptide emulsified in CFA. On day 7 post immunization, total splenocytes were isolated and re-stimulated with MOG peptide ex vivo in the presence of IFNβ for 3 days, IL-17 and IL-10 production was measured by ELISA. Results are reported as mean±SD of triplicate samples from one representative experiment. (<b>C</b>) IFN-treated splenocytes as in (A) were stained for intracellular IL-10. Plots were gated on CD4⁺ T cells. Data are representative of three experiments with similar results.</p

Type I IFN upregulates IL-10 production by Th17 cells.

<p>(<b>A</b>) and (<b>B</b>) Naïve CD4 T cells were cultured in Th17 culture conditions in the presence of purified IFNα or IFNβ (500 U/ml) for 72 hours. Production of IL-17 and IL-10 by CD4 T cells was determined by ELISA. (<b>C</b>) IL-10^−/− naive CD4 T cells were cultured in Th17 culture condition with IFNβ for 72 hours, the concentration of IL-17 in the supernatants was measured by ELISA. Results are reported as mean±SD of triplicate samples from one representative experiment. Data are representative of five (A, B) and three (C) experiments with similar results.</p

Characterization of MAPK activation in wild type and MEKK1-deficient cell lines.

<p><i>A</i>. Phosphorylation of c-Jun phosphorylation is defective in the <i>MEKK1</i>^−/− chicken DT40 cells in response to cytoskeletal disruption. Wild type (Wt) and <i>MEKK1</i>^−/− DT40 cells were left untreated (U) or stimulated with 1 µM vinblastine (Vin), 2 µg/ml cytochalasin D (Cy), and 90 nM okadaic acid (OA) for four hours, lysed in modified RIPA buffer and run on an SDS-PAGE gel to compare wild type and knockout cell lines. Western blot membranes were probed for phosphorylated and total c-Jun, ERK and p38. <i>B</i>. Phosphorylation of c-Jun is defective in <i>MEKK1</i>^−/− murine pre-B cells in response to cytoskeletal disruption. Wild type (Wt) and <i>MEKK1</i>^−/− pre-B murine cells were stimulated with 1 µM vinblastine, 2 µg/ml cytochalasin D, and 90 nM okadaic acid for four hours, lysed in modified RIPA buffer and run on an SDS-PAGE gel. Membranes were probed for phosphorylated and total c-Jun, ERK and p38. β-tubulin is used as loading control.</p