Selective controlled precipitation mechanism of canasite and xonotlite in glass-ceramics from silica slag

In this paper, Na2O-CaO-SiO2-X(NCSX) glass-ceramics was prepared to use industrial silicon slag as the main raw material. We employed XRD, FTIR and NMR to analyze the influence of Na2O/SiO2 on the composition of microstructure units Qn in the glass-ceramics. It revealed the precipitation mechanism of xonotlite and canasite. Spectroscopy study indicated that sodium atoms could selectively destroy the glass network to form Q(3) units while silicon atoms could rebuild the network to form Q(4) units. Q(3) units can combine with calcium atoms to form Si-O-Ca bonds that generated the precipitation of xonotlite phase. However, Si-O-Si bond wrapped the Si-O-Ca bond to form an interlayer structure in canasite crystal. And the effective method for controlling the formation of canasite crystal was adopted cautiously. That is, synergistic regulation of Na2O/SiO2 and heat treatment to precipitate the canasite phase exclusively

Glass-ceramics microstructure formation mechanism for simultaneous solidification of chromium and nickel from disassembled waste battery and chromium slag

A new method to solidify Cr(VI), Cr(III), and Ni(II) simultaneously by using a glass-ceramics microstructure was used. For a crystallization temperature of 870 degrees C, base glass (air cooling) with a mass ratio of CaO / SiO2 (R(C/S)) of 6/16, 10/16 precipitated a CaNiSi2O6 crystalline phase that could not solidify Ni(II) stably, and with an increase in R(C/S), the CaNiSi2O6 crystal precipitation tendency increased. When R(C/S) = 6/16, the crystallization temperature was 760 degrees C and spinel that was enriched in chromium and nickel formed preferentially during the inhibition of CaNiSi2O6 formation, indicating that lowering R(C/S) can inhibit the formation of CaNiSi2O6. Cr and Ni were mostly solidified in spinel, some of them enter augite (Ca (Mg, Fe, Al) (Si, Al)(2)O-6) phases, a few of them were distributed in the glass matrix. The results of toxic leaching showed that the leached concentration of total Cr and Ni2+ in spinel glass-ceramics were 0 ppm and 0.07 ppm respectively, and the spinel glass-ceramics for simultaneous solidification of Cr(VI), Cr(III) and Ni(II) had excellent curing effect

Structural origin of CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-Fe2O3 glass crystallization: Ironcontaining clusters

The crystallization tendency resulting from liquid-liquid separation in CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-Fe2O3 glass-ceramic has attracted much attention. However, the structural origin of this effect is still poorly understood. In this paper, spectroscopies were used to analyze the silicon-oxygen network structure of the basic glass with different iron oxide contents. With a focus on the microenvironment of iron atoms, the isolated iron was converted to clusters as the Fe2O3 content increased. Based on the above findings, two iron-containing cluster structures that affect the glass stability and crystallization potential are proposed. Liquid-liquid phase separation was clearly observed by transmission electron microscopy. Thermal analysis proved that the increase in the formation of clusters weakened the glass stability. This study not only provided data for understanding the exceptional microstructure of CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-Fe2O3 glass but also yielded profound insights into the metastability of glass-ceramics

Non-equilibrium cooling regulating vitrification and crystallization of Canasite-A glass-ceramics from high sodium solar silicon waste slag

This work provides an effective method for realizing both resource utilization and high-value utilization of bulk industrial solid waste. The influence of non-equilibrium cooling rates on the internal energy and amorphous structure of the precursor glass is studied to clarify the nucleation process of various crystals. A new method is proposed to control the glass formation and crystal growth process by using the cooling rate of the hightemperature melt. Research results show that the crystallization enthalpy (?Hc) of the precursor glass decreases with decreasing cooling rates, and the NBO/T gradually decreases. When the non-equilibrium cooling rate is (k) > 10 ?C/min, ?Hc is ? 157.05 kJ/mol and NBO/T increases to 1.09. Additionally, the glass network structure is unstable and mainly consists of Q4 structural units, which promote canasite-A crystal nucleation. The Cxonotlite:Ccanasite-A ratio increases from 1:1 to 1:5, and the crystallinity increases by 25.49%. The flexural strength of the silicon slag glass-ceramics also increases by 59.19%

Effects of Refrigerated Storage on Restarted Morphological Development of <i>Dictyophora indusiata</i> Fruiting Bodies

Mature Dictyophora indusiata fruiting bodies are brittle and broken easily during storage. Peach-shaped Dictyophora indusiata before maturity respond well to refrigerated maintenance, but some cannot resume their development after storage. This study analyzed the effects of refrigerated storage and transportation on the restarted development of Dictyophora indusiata fruiting bodies using quantitative transcriptome analysis. The refrigerated (4 °C, 3 d) peach-shaped Dictyophora indusiata (CK) was used as the control. After induction treatment for 3 d (26 ± 2 °C, 95 ± 3% RH), 81.25% of CK could achieve restarted development and mature (D-M), whereas 18.75% failed (D-P) to restart. Quantitative transcriptome analysis revealed that 1389 and 4451 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the D-P and D-M groups when compared with the results for the CK group, respectively. DEG annotation and functional analysis revealed that D-P did not initiate energy and nutrient metabolism. Most DEGs involving the phosphatidylinositol signaling pathway and the MAPK signaling pathway were significantly downregulated or unchanged in the D-P and significantly upregulated in the D-M groups. These results suggested that the phosphatidylinositol signaling pathway may play a crucial role in transmitting environmental signals and initiating the morphogenesis of CK, and that the downstream MAPK signaling pathway may be responsible for signal transmission, thereby regulating cellular activities. This study provides a theoretical basis for regulating the growth and development of postharvest Dictyophora indusiata fruiting bodies

A compositional transformer based autoencoder for image style transfer

Image style transfer has become a key technique in modern photo-editing applications. Although significant progress has been made to blend content from one image with style from another image, the synthesized image may have a hallucinatory effect when the texture from the style image is rich when processing high-resolution image style transfer tasks. In this paper, we propose a novel attention mechanism, named compositional attention, to design a compositional transformer-based autoencoder (CTA) to solve this above-mentioned issue. With the support from this module, our model is capable of generating high-quality images when transferring from texture-riched style images to content images with semantics. Additionally, we embed region-based consistency terms in our loss function for ensuring internal structure semantic preservation in our synthesized image. Moreover, information theory-based CTA is discussed and Kullback–Leibler divergence loss is introduced to preserve more brightness information for photo-realistic style transfer. Extensive experimental results based on three benchmark datasets, namely Churches, Flickr Landscapes, and Flickr Faces HQ, confirmed excellent performance when compared to several state-of-the-art methods. Based on a user study assessment, the majority number of users, ranging from 61% to 66%, gave high scores on the transfer effects of our method compared to 9% users who supported the second best method. Further, for the questions of realism and style transfer quality, we achieved the best score, i.e., an average of 4.5 out of 5 compared to other style transfer methods

Amide Proton Transfer-Weighted Imaging Detects Hippocampal Proteostasis Disturbance Induced by Sleep Deprivation at 7.0 T MRI

Sleep deprivation leads to hippocampal injury. Proteostasis disturbance is an important mechanism linking sleep deprivation and hippocampal injury. However, identifying noninvasive imaging biomarkers for hippocampal proteostasis disturbance remains challenging. Amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) imaging is a chemical exchange saturation transfer technique based on the amide protons in proteins and peptides. We aimed to explore the ability of APTw imaging in detecting sleep deprivation-induced hippocampal proteostasis disturbance and its biological significance, as well as its biological basis. In vitro, the feasibility of APTw imaging in detecting changes of the protein state was evaluated, demonstrating that APTw imaging can detect alterations in the protein concentration, conformation, and aggregation state. In vivo, the hippocampal APTw signal declined with increased sleep deprivation time and was significantly lower in sleep-deprived rats than that in normal rats. This signal was positively correlated with the number of surviving neurons counted in Nissl staining and negatively correlated with the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 evaluated in immunohistochemistry. Differentially expressed proteins in proteostasis network pathways were identified in the hippocampi of normal rats and sleep-deprived rats via mass spectrometry proteomics analysis, providing the biological basis for the change of the hippocampal APTw signal in sleep-deprived rats. These findings demonstrate that APTw imaging can detect hippocampal proteostasis disturbance induced by sleep deprivation and reflect the extent of neuronal injury and endoplasmic reticulum stress

HIF1A-dependent overexpression of MTFP1 promotes lung squamous cell carcinoma development by activating the glycolysis pathway

Introduction: Mitochondrial fission process 1 (MTFP1) is an inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) protein implicated in the development and progression of various tumors, particularly lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). This study aims to provide a more theoretical basis for the treatment of LUSC. Methods: Through bioinformatics analysis, MTFP1 was identified as a novel target gene of HIF1A. MTFP1 expression in LUSC was examined using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and Proteomics Data Commons (PDC) databases. The Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM plotter) database was utilized to evaluate its correlation with patient survival. Western blot and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were employed to confirm the regulatory relationship between MTFP1 and HIF1A. Additionally, cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration assays were conducted to investigate the mechanism by which MTFP1 enhances LUSC cell proliferation and metastasis. Results: Our findings revealed that MTFP1 overexpression correlated with poor prognosis in LUSC patients(P < 0.05). Moreover, MTFP1 was closely associated with hypoxia and glycolysis in LUSC (R = 0.203; P < 0.001, R = 0.391; P < 0.001). HIF1A was identified as a positive regulator of MTFP1. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that MTFP1 played a role in controlling LUSC cell proliferation. Cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration assays indicated that MTFP1 promoted LUSC cell proliferation and metastasis by activating the glycolytic pathway (P < 0.05). Conclusions: This study establishes MTFP1 as a novel HIF1A target gene that promotes LUSC growth by activating the glycolytic pathway. Investigating MTFP1 may contribute to the development of effective therapies for LUSC patients, particularly those lacking targeted oncogene therapies