Characterization of the physical and mechanical properties of femoral bone defects filled with polyanionic collagen scaffolds in ovariectomized rats

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of scaffolds native or polyanionic collagen matrix (submitted to alkaline treatment for 48 or 96 hours, PCM48 or PCM96, respectively) on the repair of osteoporosis bone fractures resulting from the gonadal hormone alterations caused by ovariectomy in rats undergoing hormone replacement therapy. The physical and mechanical characteristics of bone were analyzed. Macroscopic analysis revealed the absence of pathological alterations in the implanted areas. The percent mineral matter and bone mineral density of the femurs were lower in ovariectomized rats. The mechanical strength of newly formed bone was greater in the area receiving the PCM96 scaffolds compared to the area implanted with the native scaffolds. The PCM96 scaffold is the best choice for bone repair in animals with hormone deficiency since it promotes faster bone growth and good mechanical strength.23924

Avaliação do possível efeito tóxico de um alcano semifluorinado de uso oftalmológico sobre cultura de células Vero Assessment of the possible toxic effect of a semifluorinated alkane on Vero cell culture

OBJETIVOS: Perfluorocarbonos líquidos (PFCLs) são usados em cirurgias oftalmológicas de vítreo-retina. Os PFCLs podem causar reações inflamatórias, danos celulares e destruição da arquitetura normal da retina. Na tentativa de se evitar estes efeitos, foram desenvolvidos os alcanos semifluorinados (ASF). Este trabalho avaliou o uso potencial de um ASF, o perfluorohexiloctano (F6H8), como substituto do vítreo de longo prazo em condições controladas por meio de cultura celular. MÉTODOS: Foi feita análise da citotoxicidade indireta, na qual as células entram em contato apenas com elementos solúveis que pudessem ser eliminados pelo perfluorohexiloctano. Avaliou-se então a toxicidade direta, ou seja, a toxicidade mediada pelo contato, do perfluorohexiloctano por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e a imunocitoquímica para a actina. Utilizou-se como controle, células em meio de cultura livre de qualquer tratamento, um controle positivo para toxicidade, que apresenta comprovado efeito tóxico às células, e um controle de peso que exercesse compressão mecânica similar à quantidade de perfluorohexiloctano utilizada no experimento. RESULTADO: Observou-se que o referido produto não apresenta toxicidade indireta. Os ensaios de toxicidade direta mostraram que as alterações celulares promovidas pelo perfluorohexiloctano eram similares àquelas exercidas pelo controle de peso e distintas do controle de toxicidade. CONCLUSÕES: O perfluorohexiloctano não apresenta toxicidade indireta e tem efeito mais compressivo do que tóxico sobre as células em cultura.<br>PURPOSE: Perfluorocarbon liquids (PFCLs) are used in vitreoretinal surgery. PFCLs may cause inflammatory reactions, cellular injury and destruction of the normal retinal architecture. In order to avoid these effects, semifluorinated alkanes (SFA) were developed. We assessed the potential use of an SFA known as perfluorohexiloctano (F6H8) as long-term vitreous replacement under controlled cell culture conditions. METHODS: We analyzed indirect cytotoxicity, where the cells only come into contact with soluble elements that can be eliminated by perfluorohexiloctano. We therefore analyzed direct toxicity (contact toxicity) of perfluorohexiloctano by means of scanning electronic microscopy and immunocytochemistry reagents for actin. Cells embedded in a treatment-free culture medium were used as control, a positive control for toxicity with an undeniably toxic effect on cells, and a weight control that produced a mechanical compression similar to the amount of perfluorohexiloctano used in the experiment. RESULTS: The indirect cytotoxicity test showed that F6H8 did not affect cell growth. Our direct toxicity tests showed that cellular alterations caused by perfluorohexiloctano were similar to those produced by the weight control and different from toxicity control. CONCLUSION: Perfluorohexiloctano does not present indirect toxicity and this product has a compressive rather than a toxic effect on cultured cells

Cell death induced by tamoxifen in human blood lymphocytes cultivated in vitro - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v32i4.7015

Many chemotherapeutic agents with a potential against solid tumors or leukemia can cause lymphopenia. Tamoxifen (TAM) is a synthetic non-steroidal anti-estrogen drug employed in female breast cancer treatment. The present study investigated the capacity of TAM to induce cell death in human lymphocytes cultivated in vitro. Lymphocytes were obtained from young (25-30 years; n = 3) and elderly women (58-77 years; n = 3) and cultivated for 24 or 48h, with or without TAM (20 µM). After the culture, cell viability, immunocytochemical response and ultrastructure were evaluated. TAM affected lymphocytes in a time- dependent manner, and cells obtained from elderly women were the most sensitive to TAM. Immunocytochemical analysis evidenced higher frequency of apoptosis in treated cells, and the ultrastructural study revealed autophagic vacuoles, differing from the controls. In summary, the treated lymphocytes were affected by TAM, leading to cell death by apoptosis and autophagy

Cell death induced by tamoxifen in human blood lymphocytes cultivated in vitro = Morte celular induzida pelo tamoxifeno em linfócitos humanos cultivados in vitro

Many chemotherapeutic agents with a potential against solid tumors or leukemia can cause lymphopenia. Tamoxifen (TAM) is a synthetic non-steroidal anti-estrogen drug employed in female breast cancer treatment. The present study investigated the capacity of TAM to induce cell death in human lymphocytes cultivated in vitro. Lymphocytes were obtained from young (25-30 years; n = 3) and elderly women (58-77 years; n = 3) and cultivated for 24 or 48h, with or without TAM (20 ƒÊM). After the culture, cell viability, immunocytochemical response and ultrastructure were evaluated. TAM affected lymphocytes in a time- dependent manner, and cells obtained from elderly women were the most sensitive to TAM. Immunocytochemicalanalysis evidenced higher frequency of apoptosis in treated cells, and the ultrastructural study revealed autophagic vacuoles, differing from the controls. In summary, the treated lymphocytes were affected by TAM, leading to cell death by apoptosis and autophagy.<br><br>Muitos agentes quimioterapicos com potencial contra tumores solidos ou leucemias podem causar linfopenia. O Tamoxifeno (TAM) e um agente antiestrogeno nao-esteroidal empregado no tratamento de cancer de mama feminino. O presente trabalho investigou a capacidade do TAM em induzir morte celular em linfocitos humanos cultivados in vitro. Oslinfocitos foram obtidos de mulheres jovens (25-30 anos; n = 3) e idosas (58-77 anos; n = 3) e cultivados por 24 ou 48h, com ou sem TAM (20 ƒÊM). Apos a cultura, foram analisadas a viabilidade celular, a resposta imunocitoquimica e a ultraestrutura. Os resultados indicam que o Tamoxifeno induziu morte celular em linfocitos de ambos os grupos, entretanto, as celulas das mulheres idosas apresentaram-se mais sensiveis ao tratamento. A analise imunocitoquimica mostrou maior frequencia de apoptose nas celulas tratadas e o estudo ultraestrutural revelou vacuolos autofagicos nos linfocitos expostos ao Tamoxifeno. Em conclusao, nosso estudo revelou que o TAM induziu morte celular por apoptose e autofagia

Morphological And Growth Alterations In Vero Cells Transformed By Cisplatin.

Cisplatin is an antineoplastic agent used to treat solid tumours, such as ovarian, testicular and bladder tumours. However, studies in vitro and in vivo have shown that cisplatin is mutagenic, genotoxic and tumorigenic in other tissues and organs. In this work, we examined the effect of cisplatin on Vero cells, a fibroblast-like cell line. The morphological characteristics were investigated using phase contrast microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and the actin cytoskeleton was labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate-phalloidin. Cell proliferation was assessed based on the growth curve. Cultured Vero cells treated with cisplatin showed behavioural and morphological alterations associated with cellular transformation. The transformed cells grew in multilayers and formed cellular aggregates. The proliferation and morphological characteristics of the transformed cells were very different from those of control ones. Since transformed Vero cells showed several characteristics related to neoplastic growth, these cells could be a useful model for studying tumour cells in vitro.30485-9

Analysis Of Cellular Morphology, Adhesion, And Proliferation On Uncoated And Differently Coated Pvc Tubes Used In Extracorporeal Circulation (ecc).

The biggest challenge to improve extracorporeal circulation (ECC) circuits lays on avoiding platelet adhesion to their surfaces, because this contributes to thrombus formation, resulting in the activation of blood coagulation. One approach to minimize this effect is to improve the biocompatibility of ECC circuits by modifying their surfaces. This can be achieved by coating them with heparin or phospholipids. The present study investigated the adhesion and morphology characteristics of fibroblastic and blood cells cultured on uncoated poly (vinyl) chloride PVC tubes as well as on heparin, phosphatidylcholine (DMPC), and phosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE) -coated tubing. The results showed the importance of uniform coating regardless of the substance used, because the coatings cover the grooves on PVC surfaces, which favor cell adhesion. The comparison among the three different coatings showed the best biocompatibility results for the PVC tubes coated with heparin, followed by the coating with DMPE and with DMPC. For all coated tubes, cells did not spread on the PVC surfaces and, consequently, did not adhere to their surfaces, increasing the overall biocompatibility of PVC tubes. However, possible DMPE's alkylation, caused by sterilization, resulted in increased material hydrophobicity, which explains the decrease in fibroblastic adhesion. Furthermore, sterilization of DMPC-PVC improves its hydrophilic character, also decreasing adhesion. Based on these results, coating PVC with the phospholipids DMPC and DMPE seems to be a promising technique to improve the biocompatibility of PVC tubes, and is worthy of further investigation.6938-4

Characterization of the physical and mechanical properties of femoral bone defects filled with polyanionic collagen scaffolds in ovariectomized rats

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of scaffolds native or polyanionic collagen matrix (submitted to alkaline treatment for 48 or 96 hours, PCM48 or PCM96, respectively) on the repair of osteoporosis bone fractures resulting from the gonadal hormone alterations caused by ovariectomy in rats undergoing hormone replacement therapy. The physical and mechanical characteristics of bone were analyzed. Macroscopic analysis revealed the absence of pathological alterations in the implanted areas. The percent mineral matter and bone mineral density of the femurs were lower in ovariectomized rats. The mechanical strength of newly formed bone was greater in the area receiving the PCM96 scaffolds compared to the area implanted with the native scaffolds. The PCM96 scaffold is the best choice for bone repair in animals with hormone deficiency since it promotes faster bone growth and good mechanical strength