A Chemoattractant Role for NT-3 in Proprioceptive Axon Guidance

Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) is required for proprioceptive neuron survival. Deletion of the proapoptotic gene Bax in NT-3 knockout mice rescues these neurons and allows for examination of their axon growth in the absence of NT-3 signaling. TrkC-positive peripheral and central axons from dorsal root ganglia follow proper trajectories and arrive in close proximity to their targets but fail to innervate them. Peripherally, muscle spindles are absent and TrkC-positive axons do not enter their target muscles. Centrally, proprioceptive axons branch in ectopic regions of the spinal cord, even crossing the midline. In vitro assays reveal chemoattractant effects of NT-3 on dorsal root ganglion axons. Our results show that survival factor NT-3 acts as a short-distance axon guidance molecule for muscle sensory afferents as they approach their proper targets

Diagnosis of comorbid migraine without aura in patients with idiopathic/genetic epilepsy based on the gray zone approach to the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 criteria

BackgroundMigraine without aura (MwoA) is a very frequent and remarkable comorbidity in patients with idiopathic/genetic epilepsy (I/GE). Frequently in clinical practice, diagnosis of MwoA may be challenging despite the guidance of current diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3 (ICHD-3). In this study, we aimed to disclose the diagnostic gaps in the diagnosis of comorbid MwoA, using a zone concept, in patients with I/GEs with headaches who were diagnosed by an experienced headache expert.MethodsIn this multicenter study including 809 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of I/GE with or without headache, 163 patients who were diagnosed by an experienced headache expert as having a comorbid MwoA were reevaluated. Eligible patients were divided into three subgroups, namely, full diagnosis, zone I, and zone II according to their status of fulfilling the ICHD-3 criteria. A Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis was performed to bring out the meaningful predictors when evaluating patients with I/GEs for MwoA comorbidity, using the variables that were significant in the univariate analysis.ResultsLonger headache duration (<4 h) followed by throbbing pain, higher visual analog scale (VAS) scores, increase of pain by physical activity, nausea/vomiting, and photophobia and/or phonophobia are the main distinguishing clinical characteristics of comorbid MwoA in patients with I/GE, for being classified in the full diagnosis group. Despite being not a part of the main ICHD-3 criteria, the presence of associated symptoms mainly osmophobia and also vertigo/dizziness had the distinguishing capability of being classified into zone subgroups. The most common epilepsy syndromes fulfilling full diagnosis criteria (n = 62) in the CART analysis were 48.39% Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy followed by 25.81% epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone.ConclusionLonger headache duration, throbbing pain, increase of pain by physical activity, photophobia and/or phonophobia, presence of vertigo/dizziness, osmophobia, and higher VAS scores are the main supportive associated factors when applying the ICHD-3 criteria for the comorbid MwoA diagnosis in patients with I/GEs. Evaluating these characteristics could be helpful to close the diagnostic gaps in everyday clinical practice and fasten the diagnostic process of comorbid MwoA in patients with I/GEs

Görevdeş ağlarda çalışan video akışlandırma sistemlerinde HTTP üzerinden uyarlamalı iletim

Günümüzde internet üzerinde video yayını izlemek günlük hayatın bir parçası haline gelmiş bulunmaktadır. Gerek internet kullanıcıları gerekse teknoloji ve içerik sağlayıcılar açısından servis kalitesi bakımından yüksek kaliteli bir video deneyimi beklenmektedir. İnternet üzerindeki trafiğin ciddi bir bölümünü oluşturan video akışları, bu hizmeti sağlayan sunucular üzerinde önemli bir yük oluşturmaktadır. Bunun için ise gelişmiş teknolojilere ve buna bağlı daha verimli ve ortak bir dağıtım platformuna ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu tez çalışması kapsamında görevdeş ağlarda video akışlandırma olgusu ele alınarak HTTP üzerinden dinamik uyarlamalı iletim üzerine çalışılmıştır. Görevdeş ağ mimarisi üzerinde önerilen yaklaşımın yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda video istemcilerinin elde ettikleri video izleme deneyimlerinde performans ve izleme kalitesi bağlamında artış ve iyileştirme temin ettiği gözlemlenmiştir.Today, watching video broadcast on the internet has become a part of everyday life. A high-quality video experience is expected in terms of service quality both for internet users and technology and content providers. Video streams, which make up a significant portion of the traffic on the Internet, constitute a significant burden on the servers that provide the service. Thus, advanced technologies as well as more efficient and common distribution platforms are needed. Within the scope of this study, dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP was studied through analyzing the video streaming in peer-to-peer networks. It has been observed that the proposed approach on peer-to-peer architecture provides increased quality and enhanced performance in video viewing experience for the video clients

Kinesiotaping kolena následující po artroskopii zmenšuje obvod kloubu, ale nemá efekt na rozdíly v bolesti a otoku

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Investigating the efficacy of kinesiotaping for the reduction of postoperative pain and swelling after invasive knee arthroscopy, which tend to develop in almost every patient undergoing this procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Kinesiotaping or sham taping was performed in a total of 42 patients who underwent invasive knee arthroscopy. Pain intensities; mid-thigh, knee, mid-calf, and ankle diameters; and VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively. RESULTS However knee diameter was significantly greater in the control group compared to the group there is no significant differences were observed between the two groups´ pain scores at the postoperative period. There were also no significant statistical differences between the two groups with respect to mid-thigh, calf, and ankle diameters. CONCLUSIONS Kinesiotherapy could be used as an effective treatment method to relieve knee effusion after knee arthroscopy. However, both groups did not have significant differences with respect to pain and edema levels

Pseudothrombophlebitis syndrome in a rheumatoid arthritis patient with swollen calf and persistent itching: a case report

Abstract Background Baker’s cyst is a benign lesion that results from degenerative or inflammatory diseases of the knee joint. When Baker’s cyst ruptures, it may simulate deep vein thrombosis known as Pseudothrombophlebitis syndrome with calf pain, swelling and redness. Pseudothrombophlebitis syndrome without thrombus in popliteal veins has distinct treatment choice than deep vein thrombus. Case presentation In this report, we presented a 47 year-old male rheumatoid arthritis patient with complaints of redness, pain and swelling on his right calf. Pseudothrombophlebitis syndrome was diagnosed due to ruptured Baker’s cyst. Conclusions We used musculoskeletal ultrasound for both differential diagnosis and treatment of pseudothrombophlebitis syndrome. Ultrasonography revealed massive fluid collection within muscle layers. 280 cc inflammatory fluid was aspirated simultaneously. We also emphasized the importance of ultrasonography in diagnosis and treatment of Pseudothrombophlebitis syndrome with this report

Alcoholic Neuropathy with Superimposed Focal Entrapment Neuropathies

Bu yazıda fokal tuzaklanma nöropatileri ile birlikte olan alkolik nöropatili bir hasta sunulmuştur. Elli beş yaşında erkek hasta sol ulnar nöropati tanısı ile kliniğimiz elektrofizyoloji ünitesine kabul edildi. Hasta anamnezde önceye ait kronik alkol alışkanlığı öyküsü veriyordu. Sinir iletim çalışmaları hastada bilateral karpal tünel sendromu, dirsekte bilateral ulnar nöropati, solda fibula başı bölgesinde peroneal nöropati, distal motor latanslarda uzama ve orta derecede azalmış motor iletim hızları, çok sayıda duyusal sinir ileti hızlarında yavaşlama ve çok sayıda uzamış F yanıtı latansı varlığını ortaya koydu. Genetik analizlerde 17p11.2-12 kromozomda delesyon saptanmadı. Bulgularımızı hastanın muhtemel tanısı hakkındaki görüşlerini almak için diğer klinisyenlerle paylaşmak istedik.We reported here a case of alcoholic polyneuropathy with superimposed focal entrapment neuropathies. A 55-year-old male patient was admitted to the electrophysiology unit with the diagnosis of left ulnar neuropathy. He had a previous history of chronic alcoholism. Nerve conduction studies revealed bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome, bilateral ulnar neuropathy at the elbow, left peroneal neuropathy at the fibular head, prolonged distal motor latencies and moderately reduced motor conduction velocities in multiple motor nerves, slowed conduction velocities in multiple sensory nerves and multiple prolonged F-waves. Gene analysis did not reveal deletion on chromosome 17p11.2-12. We wanted to share our findings with other clinicians to get their opinion regarding possible diagnosis of the case