Cross sectional study on prevalence of sickle cell alleles S and C among patients with mild malaria in Ivory Coast

Abstract Objectives Sickle cell anemia is due to a mutations on the betaglobin gene, inducing abnormal hemoglobin. In West Africa the main mutations lead to S or C types of hemoglobin. Patients with homozygote mutations seem protected against severe malaria, but not against mild disease. The prevalence of abnormal hemoglobin among patients attending dispensaries for mild malaria is thus unknown. A retrospective study was conducted to update data on the prevalence of S and C hemoglobin among patients attending dispensaries with mild malaria. Enrolment of patients was conducted during in vivo malaria treatment efficacy survey following the 42 days WHO protocol. A group of non-infected pregnant women and a group of patients with fever different from malaria, were also recruited in the same dispensaries. Results 794 blood samples were included. S and C genotypes were found in all the regions of Ivory Coast with the highest prevalence in the Northern region (S and C genotypes, 27%). In non-infected patients, prevalence of mutations was higher than in malaria patients. Conclusion A high proportion of patients with mild malaria carried genetic hemoglobin disorder. This population of high risk must be better investigated to control treatment efficacy and to manage complications

Genotyping of S and C Mutated Beta Globin Gene: Development of a Set of Primers for Use with DfV'VnG PCR Systems

International audienceSickle cell disease is a genetic disorder that affects nearly 5% of world population. In ivory coast, SCD is a real problem of health and screening is not systematic after born. Here, we designed a set of primers to detect abnormal hemoglobin S and C which can be used both in conventional and quantitative PCR (by curves combinations analysed). A total of 60 blood samples including 13 AA, 23 AS, 9 SS, 12 SC and 3 CC hemoglobin type were screened using hemoglobin electrophoresis and PCR. The universal control primer HBU/R4 was successfully amplified for all of 60 samples. In conventional PCR, for typing of allele S sensibility and specificity of primers were respectively 86.36% and 87.50%. For allele C, sensibility and specificity of this pair were respectively 53.33% and 91.11%. In qPCR, specificity and sensitivity of primers were greater than 85% for allele S and C specific primers

High level of heterozygous haplotype of hemoglobin in Abidjan population with mild malaria

International audienceBackgroundSickle cell disease (SCD) is a hemoglobin disorders that concern 300,000 newborns each year around the world. There are hemoglobin haplotypes that affect SCD clinic expression.MethodsOur goal was to identify the hemoglobin’s haplotypes among individuals with mild malaria independently of SCD status in Côte d’Ivoire. To determine these haplotypes, specific restriction enzyme (RE) is used after PCR amplification with each primer. According to the digestion of PCR product by RE, five hemoglobin’s haplotypes are found in the world.ResultsIn Côte d’Ivoire, no study has yet deeply described the distribution of haplotypes. Four different “classical” haplotypes of hemoglobin were detected: Benin (56.5%), Bantou (28.5%), Senegal (4%), Cameroun (1%); and 10% of atypical profiles. Heterozygous haplotype (69%) were more frequent than homozygous haplotype (31%).ConclusionsIn this preliminary study, we note a high prevalence of atypical and heterozygous haplotype. Benin haplotype that is associated with severity of SCD was most predominant in our studied population