Higher third-generation cephalosporin prescription proportion is associated with lower probability of reducing carbapenem use: a nationwide retrospective study

The ongoing extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) pandemic has led to an increasing carbapenem use, requiring release of guidelines for carbapenem usage in France in late 2010. We sought to determine factors associated with changes in carbapenem use in intensive care units (ICUs), medical and surgical wards between 2009 and 2013

Surveillance inter-régionale des bactéries multi-résistantes émergentes (approches éco-épidémiologiques et moléculaires)

BESANCON-BU Médecine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Émergence d'Enterobacter cloacae comme pathogène nosocomial majeur en néonatologie (gestion d'une épidémie, surveillance épidémiologique et facteurs de risque)

BESANCON-BU Médecine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Émergence d'Enterobacter cloacae comme pathogène nosocomial majeur en néonatologie (gestion d'une épidémie, surveillance épidémiologique et facteurs de risque)

BESANCON-BU Médecine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Hospital environmental contamination with Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase.

International audienc

Impact of barrier precautions and antibiotic consumption on the incidence rate of acquired cases of infection or colonization with Acinetobacter baumannii: A 10-year multi-department study.

International audienceFollowing a previous investigation, this ecological study assessed the impact of barrier precautions and various factors on the annual incidence rate of acquired Acinetobacter baumannii cases in each of the 32 departments of the University Hospital of Besançon from 2000 to 2009. Ultimately, our study confirms the effectiveness of barrier precautions in addition to standard precautions for controlling A baumannii within our hospital departments. In comparison with the previous research, it emphasizes the significant role of fluoroquinolones in the emergence and the spread of this microorganism

Application des méthodes de typage génomique au laboratoire d'hygiène

International audienceL'étude de l'épidémiologie des infections doit permettre d'identifier le mode d'acquisition du micro-organisme responsable, les modes de transmission, la dynamique de la colonisation, et les facteurs de risque d'infection. Ce type d'étude suppose que la comparaison des souches isolées des malades et de leur environnement permette d'établir leur degré de similitude génétique. C'est dans ce cadre que se placent le développement et l'évaluation des marqueurs phénotypiques et génotypiques et la validation des stratégies de typage adaptées aux différents micro-organismes impliqués dans les infections nosocomiales et communautaires

Ecological Study of the Effectiveness of Isolation Precautions in the Management of Hospitalized Patients Colonized or Infected With Acinetobacter baumannii *.

International audienceObjective. @nbsp; To assess the impact of isolation precautions on the incidence of patients colonized or infected with Acinetobacter baumannii (case patients) in a university hospital during the period from 1999 to 2006. Design. @nbsp; Ecological study. Setting. @nbsp; The Besan? University Hospital in France, a 1,200-bed acute care hospital with approximately 50,000 admissions per year. Methods. @nbsp; Using Poisson regression analysis, we evaluated a total of 350,000 patient-days to determine the annual incidence of case patients. This annual incidence was used as the outcome variable, and infection control practices, antibiotic use, and other aggregated data regarding patients' age, sex, McCabe score, and immune status were used as covariates. Results. @nbsp; The implementation of isolation precautions was independently and negatively associated with the incidence of patients colonized or infected with A. baumannii (relative risk, 0.50 [95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.64]; [Formula: see text]). Conclusions. @nbsp; Our study suggests that the implementation of isolation precautions, in addition to standard precautions, effectively prevents the spread of A. baumannii in a hospital setting

Multilevel analysis of the impact of environmental factors and agricultural practices on the concentration in hay of microorganisms responsible for farmer's lung disease.

International audienceFarmer's lung disease (FLD) is common in eastern France. It is the main form of occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis, caused by chronic inhalation of microorganisms (antigens) from mouldy hay, straw, or grain. The purpose of this study was to assess, with a panel of data collected between 1997-2003, environmental factors and agricultural practices that independently modify concentrations in hay of microorganisms potentially responsible for FLD. A total of 629 hay samples from 86 farms were included in statistical analyses using linear multilevel regression models allowing to consider the nested structure of the data: individual-level (batch of hay) and group-level (farm). The outcome variable of these models was the concentration in hay (logarithmic value of concentration+1) of microorganisms incriminated in FLD (Absidia corymbifera, Eurotium spp., thermophilic actinomycetes). The simultaneous analysis of batch of hay- and farm-level factors showed that bad climatic conditions of harvest, high-density hay-packing modes, (especially round bales) and altitude (2nd plateau, ]700-900] m) were the main factors associated with high concentrations of these microorganisms in hay. This study allowed clarification of the factors that influence the microbial concentration of hay with etiological agents of FLD

Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in Escherichia coli in the French community: The times they are a-changin'?

International audienceSince the early 2000s, Escherichia coli resistance to third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) has been increasing in all European countries, mainly due to the spread of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Here we present a retrospective study that combines resistance of E. coli to 3GCs and quinolones with data on antibiotic use in the community in a region of Northeastern France