An Analysis of Public Boys’ High School Location Using GIS: Jeddah, Saudi Arabia Case Study

The research study area is the city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Jeddah high schools are separated by gender due to cultural background. In 2018, a research was conducted related to public girls’ high schools (Belarem et al., 2018) and the research neglected boys’ public high schools which is considered a gap in the study. In addition, the emphasis of this research is on the male population because it is more than the female population in the city which will require more schools for boys in the future. Moreover, and from an urban planner point of view, public schools are part of the city infrastructure and the quality of physical, social, and academic of schools is part of the quality of the city. This research is to study Public Boys’ High school physical location distribution and population accessibility to these schools using Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis tools such as euclidian and network analysis. Furthermore, city historical Landsat imagery in the last 30 years to be used to study the city urban sprawl(population) to estimate future urban sprawl (population) direction in the city. Such analysis will enable urban planners and educators to come together to determine future school siting for better quality

Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment: Empirical Evidence from Saudi Arabia

The present study determines the factors affecting foreign direct investment using cross-sectional time-series data over 2000-2017 in the Saudi Arabian region. Moreover, it examines the long-run association of various independent variables with foreign direct investment. The study applies a three-tier process to empirically test the variables under consideration. First, it uses the augmented Dickey-Fuller test to check the stationarity of the trend analysis at the level and at first difference. Second, it uses White heteroscedasticity-consistent standard errors and covariance regression analysis. Finally, it applies Johansen’s co-integration analysis. The results indicate that all independent variables significantly affect foreign direct investment except infrastructure and market size at a 5% level of significance, and all the independent variables have a long-run association with foreign direct investment in Saudi Arabia

Inclusive Employment for Persons with Disabilities Post COVID-19 in Egypt: Digitization as the Way Forward

The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a heavy toll on businesses and jobs whereas many employees were furloughed and laid off. While the global pandemic had a significant negative impact worldwide, it presented a unique opportunity to revolutionize employment for persons with disabilities. Employers’ willingness to rapidly adapt to the changing work environment by transitioning businesses to remote work and flexible working schedules can facilitate an inclusive work environment for persons with disabilities, especially in communities that also face significant geographical barriers to access employment. The aim of this study is to understand the underlying challenges facing persons with disabilities in the workforce, and explore the extent COVID-19 pandemic can reshape and create new employment opportunities for people with disabilities in Egypt with the current emphasis given to digital jobs and technology. A qualitative research in the form of in-depth interviews were conducted with 9 specialists in the field of disability inclusion in Egypt and developing countries from diverse national and international professional affiliations. The research findings indicate that there is a unique opportunity that digital jobs can offer, with a potential to overcome barriers that threaten the inclusion of persons with disabilities in the workforce and exacerbate the existing inequities and disparities that existed before COVID-19. Investing in digital technology, accessibility and skills can transform the future of work for persons of disability by introducing a new era of digital employment

The impact of mispricing and growth on UK M&As

This paper investigates the impact of mispricing and growth on salient aspects of 434 UK merger and acquisition (M&A) deals over the 1990-2009 period. Mispricing is proxied by both the 26-week high price and misvaluation given the deviation of target price from its estimated fundamental value. One or both of these variables has a significantly pervasive influence on all aspects of M&As studied. The target 26-week high price, misvaluation and growth all have a significant effect on both the offer premium and whether bidders pay with cash or stock for the full sample. The 26-week high price is the main driver for the overvalued (price exceeds value) target sub-sample and growth prospects for the undervalued target sub-sample. Short run abnormal returns around the announcement are driven by misvaluation only while offers in excess of the 26-week high and of fundamental value increase the probability of deal success

SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING - THE EFFECTIVENESS AND CHALLENGES

In the present era social media created a boom in business. It has changed the way companies deal with their consumers and enable them to market their product or services in personalized way. However, there are still limited studies examining key issues related to the effectiveness of social media as a marketing tool that justify the purpose of its use. The aim of this study is to explore social media marketing effectiveness in the Saudi market in terms of increasing sales, raise brand awareness and gaining customer loyalty. As well as the challenges and constraints that cause the reduction of effectiveness. The data was collected by an e-mail questionnaire sent to targeted consumers from social media marketing in Saudi society as well as interviews with marketing managers in Saudi companies. The results were obtained by testing the theory, that the use of social media as a marketing tool would be effective if the right strategies were used, which depended on identifying the target group and the appropriate promotional content that suits the product or service to be marketed. The experimental results identified different ways of engaging social media as marketing tools specifically in marketing communication, promotion, sales and discounts. It also showed that marketing through social media significantly helps to create and promote brand awareness which in turn leads to increased companies’ sales performance. The study also found that the use of social media has a positive relationship with consumer loyalty to the brand. JEL: M30; M3

Multiple meningiomatosis

Multiple meningiomas or meningiomatosis are defined by the presence of at least 2 lesions that appear simultaneously or not, at different intracranial locations. Early classification of Cushing and Eisenhardt claimed that a diagnosis of multiple meningioma can only be made if the patient does not suffer neurofibromatosis type I (NF1 is associated with neurofibromin, ras pathway). Majority of multiple meningiomas associate with neurofibromatosis type-II, multiple meningiomatosis refers to the association of at least 2 tumors in two different sites, in a patient who has no evidence of neurofibromatosis. The incidence of this condition varies between series between 1 and 3%, reaching a frequency of 8% with the onset of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This entity combines benign tumors of a different histological nature in 30% of cases. A 39-year-old woman patient, with no significant pathological history, who consulted for heaviness in both lower limbs having progressed for 6 months with paresthesias without genitosphincteric disorders, the examination found a spastic paraparesis rated at 3/5. The patient underwent a medullary MRI which revealed 4 lesions, the radiological semiology of which was suggestive of spinal meningiomas, the most compressive projecting in relation to T2. A cerebral computed tomography (CT) was systematically performed and objectified two intra cranial meningiomas, which until then were asymptomatic. Although its incidence is only 1 to 3%, the discovery of multiple meningiomatosis justifies morphological exploration (MRI) of the entire neurax, in which case any symptomatic location should suggest surgical management

The extent of pilgrims and umrah performers’ reliance on the mobile exhibition using hologram technology during the performance of the rituals

The purpose of the current study was to reveal the role played by mobile exhibitions such as modern techniques using stereoscopic imaging technology (zebra and hologram) in enriching the knowledgeable experience of the pilgrims and Umrah visitors by providing awareness and guidance and contributing to the performance of their rituals from the beginning of their arrival to the end. A random sample of 400 Umrah performers and pilgrims (200 males and 200 females) were selected. The study used quantitative research methodology in the form of a survey. Results indicated that the dependence on hologram technology increased the level of awareness and guidance between the pilgrims preforming the rituals in the two holy mosques

Communicative ecology of sojourners from Pakistan and its implications for public service campaigns

Communicative ecology of Hajj-pilgrims from Pakistan is examined in a probability sampling.Of the eleven communication contacts identified, contacting friends and co-pilgrims tops the list followed by community organizational sources of information counters, tour operators, and Hajj mission officials.Ethnic newspaper and the mainstream Saudi mass media rank third and fourth. Less than 10% of the responses respectively cited digital billboards & Internet. Community organizations, co-pilgrims, the ethnic newspaper, and the digital screens impacted upon satisfaction. Findings highlight implications for public service campaigns to pilgrims

Renaissance of Saudi Women leaders’ achievement

This thesis was submitted for the award of Doctor of Philosophy and was awarded by Brunel University LondonThis research investigated cultural and social factors that influenced or allowed Saudi women to become leaders. It also examined those values that are synchronous with cultural and social factors that improved their access to leadership opportunities. An understanding of the factors and values that enabled these Saudi women to succeed leads to better knowledge of formation of leadership character. The context in which these Saudi women achieved their successful goal of becoming leaders, provides insight into their development as leaders and contribute to leadership studies in a traditional and religious context. The empirical data, gathered through in depth structured interviews using multiple rounds of interviews, was interpreted to produce a framework focused on the achievement of leadership and the cultural and social factors that enable or inhibit women leadership. The research revealed culturally based constructs related to gender. Whilst men are given responsibility and favoured for responsible positions, women are not inferior to men. Significantly, the women regarded themselves as no different from men in terms of bearing responsibility, being independent and achieving success. It confirmed the expectation depicted in the conceptual framework that women’s attributes or values are critical and significant in their successful journey to leadership. Sixteen such values and attributes emerged from the data. Significant among them were empathy with employees, ability to adapt, strength of character, expert knowledge and solidarity among women. By understanding the values that help women to achieve, sustain and evolve their leadership skills, which social and cultural dynamics enable or inhibit them in becoming leaders, and which organisational factors are critical for their success, this research has contributed better knowledge of Saudi women leadership achievement. Knowledge about women leadership in the Saudi context is thus advanced. This reveals that there is a role of the family and especially the father’s role, individual’s aspirations and action, the personal and professional struggle that Saudi women leaders experience, and the interpersonal relationships that they establish with their male counterparts to succeed. The research contributed understanding and knowledge of those values held by successful women leaders that are both unique and shared with successful leaders around the world. It revealed the social and cultural factors and dynamics, in the opinion of the participants that inhibit or enhance their ability to gain leadership roles and to work as effective leaders. The research revealed the organisational factors or dynamics affect women leaders

Hijama (wet cupping) for female infertility treatment: a pilot study

Background: To assess the effectiveness of wet cupping (Hijama) as a treatment of female factor infertility. The primary outcome measured was pregnancy rates after Hijama. The secondary outcome measured was the effect on the reproductive hormonal profile before and after Hijama.Methods: A pilot clinical study was conducted for the use of Hijama as treatment for female infertility at King Abdulaziz University Hospital from September 2013 to May 2015. Inclusion criteria included: patients with female factor infertility between 20-50 years of age. Exclusion criteria were women who were menopausal, male factor infertility and pregnancy. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. Upon inclusion in the study, an interview with the participant was done. Blood tests were done at the initial visit which included a complete blood count and hormonal profile (FSH, LH, Estradiol, Progesterone, TSH) if not done already. Patients had repeated Hijama each month if pregnancy did not occur.Results: Out of 59 women, 31 (52.5%) had primary infertility and 28 (47.5%) had secondary infertility. The duration of infertility ranged from 1 to 22 years. In 40 women (67.8%), the partner had a normal semen analysis and 19 (32.2%) had oligospermia. 12 women had an abnormal hystosalpngiogram (20.3%) with two women with complete bilateral tubal blockage. 36 women (61%) had a normal hormonal profile (FSH, LH, TSH, Prolactin). 12 patients (20.3%) became pregnant after hijama; 7 patients had only one or two sessions of Hijama and one patient had 7 sessions. Factors that were found to affect pregnancy rate included: patient with no dysmenorrhea (p 0.034), secondary infertility diagnosis (p 0.005) and history of OCP use (P 0.04). There were significant changes of the hormonal profile before and after Hijama.Conclusions: Hijama might be beneficial in infertile women to achieve a pregnancy. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings from this study