Health Benefits of Mango By-products

Nearly half of all tropical fruits produced worldwide are mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) and their net production is expected to grow steadily in the next two decades; this is a result of improved agro-industrial methods, the marketing of new varieties, and their demand by health-conscious consumers. However, during their agronomic-to-industrial processing, vast amounts of nonedible wastes (e.g. leaves and barks) and by-products (e.g. peels, seeds, and bagasse) are generated, not only causing significant environmental impact but also economic losses. Conventional recovery methods offer eco-friendly solutions (e.g. soil bioremediation and livestock feeding) but novel technologies are more profitable, sustaining their continuous growth on the fact that many mango phytochemicals can be recovered from these industrial residues for the cosmetic, food, and nutraceutical industries. For instance, mango peel and bagasse are rich sources of dietary fiber (pectin/cellulose), carotenoids, and phenolic compounds with proven benefits for cardiovascular, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cancer, while mango seed is a rich source of vegetable oil (stearic/oleic), proteins, and macromolecular antioxidants with antibiotic potential. In this chapter, we review the nutritional and functional value of mango by-products, their bio-efficacy, and related nutraceutical mechanisms

Widespread of ESBL- and carbapenemase GES-type genes on carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates: A multicenter study in Mexican hospitals

The present work describes a prevalence of 36.2% of carbapenemases IMP-, VIM-, and GES-type on 124 imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. The ESBL GES-19 and carbapenemase GES-20 genes were the most prevalent (84.4%) β-lactamases among imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolates in Mexico. These genes are chromosomal encoded on embedded class 1 integron arrays. © 2015 Elsevier Inc

Microbial Etiology of Febrile Neutropenia

Bacterial and fungal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among neutropenic patients. The choice of empiric antimicrobial regimen is based on susceptibility pattern of locally prevalent pathogens. From 64 febrile neutropenic patients with clinical sepsis, blood and other appropriate clinical specimens were processed to determine bacterial and fungal spectrum and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Risk factors for developing sepsis were determined by case–control study. 68 organisms were recovered. Fifteen (22.05%) were Gram-positive cocci with predominance of methicillin Sensitive S. aureus (10.29%), 47 (69.11%) were Gram-negative rods with predominance of Klebsiella pneumoniae (30.88%) and four were Non albicans Candida. 81% and 60% of Klebsiella and E. coli were ESBL producers. All species of Candida were sensitive to amphoterecin B and voriconazole. Duration and extent of neutropenia, chemotherapy, immunosuppressive therapy, altered mucosal barriers and presence of central venous lines were statistically significant risk factors for developing sepsis. Gram-negative bacteria were the predominant isolates. The choice of therapy in neutropenic patients should be formulated based on local spectrum of microbes and local and regional resistance patterns