Role of Immunohistochemical Markers in Evaluating Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Systematic Review

Objective(s): We present a systematically to identify, evaluate and assess the role of Immunohistochemical markers in Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF). Materials and Methods: Extensive literature search was done to identify eligible through “MEDLINE”/ “PubMed”, “Scopus” and “Cochrane library” were searched for relative studies until December 2021. The included studies were published in English language were mainly retrospective original research\.These studies mainly evaluated the role of Immunohistochemical markers in Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis. Results: Thirteen studies were included in the present study which had total of 549 cases. Most of the studies suggested use of combined biomarker model or panel of antibodies to minimize the risk of bias. Almost all the studies used ANOVA and chi-square test while kappa test analysis for interobserver variability test. Conclusions: The significance of immunohistochemical markers has been shown in study which can significantly contribute in diagnosing early event in process of Malignant transformation of suspicious OSF cases so that better treatment plan could be formulated for better prognosis. More efforts should be emphasized on combination of \antibodies and its importance in target drug therapy