147 research outputs found
Review and prospects of the CASCADE data acquisition system at CERN
CASCADE, a multi-processor real-time data-acquisition system for HEP experiments developed at CERN by the ECP-DS group, has now been in operation for one year. The current implementation supports configurations based on VMEbus processors running OS-9 and on UNIX workstations interconnected via VICbus or Ethernet. The project is reviewed by describing the main characteristics of the package, the applications in which it has been used, and the results of this experience. The main improvements of 1994, which include a parameterized multi-level event builder, a remote monitoring option and a powerful run control facility, as well as ongoing developments and prospects for 1995, are presented
Allosteric “beta-blocker” isolated from a DNA-encoded small molecule library
The present study reports the discovery of a small-molecule negative allosteric modulator for the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) via in vitro affinity-based iterative selection of highly diverse DNA-encoded small-molecule libraries. Characterization of the compound demonstrates its selectivity for the β2AR and that it negatively modulates a wide range of receptor functions. More importantly, our findings establish a generally applicable, proof-of-concept strategy for screening DNA-encoded small-molecule libraries against purified G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), which holds great potential for discovering therapeutic molecules
Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). II. Limited Dust Settling and Prominent Snow Surfaces in the Edge-on Class I Disk IRAS 04302+2247
While dust disks around optically visible, Class II protostars are found to
be vertically thin, when and how dust settles to the midplane are unclear. As
part of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) large program,
Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks, we analyze the edge-on, embedded,
Class I protostar IRAS 04302+2247, also nicknamed the ``Butterfly Star." With a
resolution of 0.05" (8~au), the 1.3 mm continuum shows an asymmetry along the
minor axis which is evidence of an optically thick and geometrically thick disk
viewed nearly edge-on. There is no evidence of rings and gaps, which could be
due to the lack of radial substructure or the highly inclined and optically
thick view. With 0.1" (16~au) resolution, we resolve the 2D snow surfaces,
i.e., the boundary region between freeze-out and sublimation, for CO
=2--1, CO =2--1, CO =2--1, CO
=--, and SO =--, and constrain the CO
midplane snow line to au. We find Keplerian rotation around a
protostar of using CO. Through forward
ray-tracing using RADMC-3D, we find that the dust scale height is au
at a radius of 100~au from the central star and is comparable to the gas
pressure scale height. The results suggest that the dust of this Class~I source
has yet to vertically settle significantly.Comment: 33 pages, 21 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ as one of the
first-look papers of the eDisk ALMA Large Progra
Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). VII. Keplerian Disk, Disk Substructure, and Accretion Streamers in the Class 0 Protostar IRAS 16544-1604 in CB 68
We present observations of the Class 0 protostar IRAS 16544-1604 in CB 68
from the ''Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk)'' ALMA Large
program. The ALMA observations target continuum and lines at 1.3-mm with an
angular resolution of 5 au. The continuum image reveals a dusty
protostellar disk with a radius of 30 au seen close to edge-on, and
asymmetric structures both along the major and minor axes. While the asymmetry
along the minor axis can be interpreted as the effect of the dust flaring, the
asymmetry along the major axis comes from a real non-axisymmetric structure.
The CO image cubes clearly show the gas in the disk that follows a
Keplerian rotation pattern around a 0.14 central protostar.
Furthermore, there are 1500 au-scale streamer-like features of gas
connecting from North-East, North-North-West, and North-West to the disk, as
well as the bending outflow as seen in the CO (2-1) emission. At the
apparent landing point of NE streamer, there are SO (6-5) and SiO (5-4)
emission detected. The spatial and velocity structure of NE streamer can be
interpreted as a free-falling gas with a conserved specific angular momentum,
and the detection of the SO and SiO emission at the tip of the streamer implies
presence of accretion shocks. Our eDisk observations have unveiled that the
Class 0 protostar in CB 68 has a Keplerian rotating disk with flaring and
non-axisymmetric structure associated with accretion streamers and outflows.Comment: 30 pages, 24 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical
Journal as one of the first-look papers of the eDisk ALMA Large Progra
The QKI-6 RNA Binding Protein Regulates Actin-interacting Protein-1 mRNA Stability during Oligodendrocyte Differentiation
We identify new mRNA targets for the QKI-6 RNA binding proteins using an unbiased approach. We show that AIP-1 mRNA is bound by QKI-6 within its 3′-UTR. This regulation is observed in oligodendrocytes and it is essential for oligodendrocyte process outgrowth
Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk) III: A first high-resolution view of sub-mm continuum and molecular line emission toward the Class 0 protostar L1527 IRS
Studying the physical and chemical conditions of young embedded disks is
crucial to constrain the initial conditions for planet formation. Here, we
present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of
dust continuum at 0.06" (8 au) resolution and molecular line emission at
0.17" (24 au) resolution toward the Class 0 protostar L1527 IRS from the
Large Program eDisk (Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks). The continuum
emission is smooth without substructures, but asymmetric along both the major
and minor axes of the disk as previously observed. The detected lines of
CO, CO, CO, HCO, c-CH, SO, SiO, and DCN trace
different components of the protostellar system, with a disk wind potentially
visible in CO. The CO brightness temperature and the HCO line
ratio confirm that the disk is too warm for CO freeze out, with the snowline
located at 350 au in the envelope. Both molecules show potential evidence
of a temperature increase around the disk-envelope interface. SO seems to
originate predominantly in UV-irradiated regions such as the disk surface and
the outflow cavity walls rather than at the disk-envelope interface as
previously suggested. Finally, the continuum asymmetry along the minor axis is
consistent with the inclination derived from the large-scale (100" or 14,000
au) outflow, but opposite to that based on the molecular jet and envelope
emission, suggesting a misalignment in the system. Overall, these results
highlight the importance of observing multiple molecular species in multiple
transitions to characterize the physical and chemical environment of young
disks.Comment: 27 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables, 10 pages appendix with 12 figures.
Accepted for publication in ApJ as one of the first-look papers of the eDisk
ALMA Large Progra
Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). I. Overview of the Program and First Results
We present an overview of the Large Program, ``Early Planet Formation in
Embedded Disks (eDisk)'', conducted with the Atacama Large
Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The ubiquitous detections of
substructures, particularly rings and gaps, in protoplanetary disks around T
Tauri stars raise the possibility that at least some planet formation may have
already started during the embedded stages of star formation. In order to
address exactly how and when planet formation is initiated, the program focuses
on searching for substructures in disks around 12 Class 0 and 7 Class I
protostars in nearby (200 pc) star-forming regions through 1.3 mm continuum
observations at a resolution of au (0.04"). The initial results show
that the continuum emission, mostly arising from dust disks around the sample
protostars, has relatively few distinctive substructures, such as rings and
spirals, in marked contrast to Class II disks. The dramatic difference may
suggest that substructures quickly develop in disks when the systems evolve
from protostars to Class II sources or alternatively that high optical depth of
the continuum emission could obscure internal structures. Kinematic information
obtained through CO isotopologue lines and other lines reveals the presence of
Keplerian disks around protostars, providing us with crucial physical
parameters, in particular, the dynamical mass of the central protostars. We
describe the background of the eDisk program, the sample selection and their
ALMA observations, the data reduction, and also highlight representative
first-look results.Comment: This is a publication of a series of eDisk ALMA large program
first-look paper
Integration of cardiovascular risk assessment with COVID-19 using artificial intelligence
Artificial Intelligence (AI), in general, refers to the machines (or computers) that mimic "cognitive" functions that we associate with our mind, such as "learning" and "solving problem". New biomarkers derived from medical imaging are being discovered and are then fused with non-imaging biomarkers (such as office, laboratory, physiological, genetic, epidemiological, and clinical-based biomarkers) in a big data framework, to develop AI systems. These systems can support risk prediction and monitoring. This perspective narrative shows the powerful methods of AI for tracking cardiovascular risks. We conclude that AI could potentially become an integral part of the COVID-19 disease management system. Countries, large and small, should join hands with the WHO in building biobanks for scientists around the world to build AI-based platforms for tracking the cardiovascular risk assessment during COVID-19 times and long-term follow-up of the survivors
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