3,374 research outputs found
Multiagent Brokerage with CBR
This paper classifies multiagent-based e-commerce into multiagent-based auction, multiagent-based mediation and multiagent-based brokerage and gives a brief survey of related works in each. The paper proposes a framework of CMB, a CBR system for multiagent brokerage, which integrates CBR, intelligent agents and brokerage, in which we also propose a knowledge-based model for CBR. The key insight is that an efficient way for applying CBR in e-commerce is through intelligent agents or multiagent systems, and the work of a human broker should be done by a few intelligent agents in a cooperative way. This approach will facilitate research and development of CBR in multiagent e-commerce
The Cardinal Complexity of Comparison-based Online Algorithms
We consider ordinal online problems, i.e., those tasks that only depend on
the pairwise comparisons between elements in the input. E.g., the secretary
problem and the game of googol. The natural approach to these tasks is to use
ordinal online algorithms that at each step only consider relative ranking
among the arrived elements, without looking at the numerical values of the
input. We formally study the question of how cardinal algorithms (that can use
numerical values of the input) can improve upon ordinal algorithms.
We give a universal construction of the input distribution for any ordinal
online problem, such that the advantage of the cardinal algorithms over the
ordinal algorithms is at most for arbitrary small . However, the value range of the input elements in this construction is
huge: for
an input sequence of length . Surprisingly, we also identify a natural
family of hardcore problems that achieve a matching advantage of where
with iterative logs and is an arbitrary constant . We also
consider a simpler variant of the hardcore problem, which we call maximum
guessing and is closely related to the game of googol. We provide a much more
efficient construction with cardinal complexity
for this easier task. Finally, we
study the dependency on of the hardcore problem. We provide an efficient
construction of size , if we allow cardinal algorithms to have constant
factor advantage against ordinal algorithms
A Transparent Display with Per-Pixel Color and Opacity Control
International audienceWe propose a new display system that composites matted foreground animated graphics and video, with per-pixel controllable emitted color and transparency, over real-world dynamic objects seen through a transparent display. Multiple users can participate simultaneously without any glasses, trackers, or additional devices. The current prototype is deployed as a desktop-monitor-sized transparent display box assembled from commodity hardware components with the addition of a high-frame-rate controllable diffuser
deFuse: An Algorithm for Gene Fusion Discovery in Tumor RNA-Seq Data
Gene fusions created by somatic genomic rearrangements are known to play an important role in the onset and development of some cancers, such as lymphomas and sarcomas. RNA-Seq (whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing) is proving to be a useful tool for the discovery of novel gene fusions in cancer transcriptomes. However, algorithmic methods for the discovery of gene fusions using RNA-Seq data remain underdeveloped. We have developed deFuse, a novel computational method for fusion discovery in tumor RNA-Seq data. Unlike existing methods that use only unique best-hit alignments and consider only fusion boundaries at the ends of known exons, deFuse considers all alignments and all possible locations for fusion boundaries. As a result, deFuse is able to identify fusion sequences with demonstrably better sensitivity than previous approaches. To increase the specificity of our approach, we curated a list of 60 true positive and 61 true negative fusion sequences (as confirmed by RT-PCR), and have trained an adaboost classifier on 11 novel features of the sequence data. The resulting classifier has an estimated value of 0.91 for the area under the ROC curve. We have used deFuse to discover gene fusions in 40 ovarian tumor samples, one ovarian cancer cell line, and three sarcoma samples. We report herein the first gene fusions discovered in ovarian cancer. We conclude that gene fusions are not infrequent events in ovarian cancer and that these events have the potential to substantially alter the expression patterns of the genes involved; gene fusions should therefore be considered in efforts to comprehensively characterize the mutational profiles of ovarian cancer transcriptomes
Metal nanoparticleâhydrogel nanocomposites for biomedical applications â An atmospheric pressure plasma synthesis approach
The development of multifunctional nanocomposite materials is of great interest for various biomedical applications. A popular approach to produce tailored nanocomposites is to incorporate functional nanoparticles into hydrogels. Here, a benign atmospheric pressure microplasma synthesis approach has been deployed for the synthesis of metal and alloy NPs inâsitu in a poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel. The formation of gold, silver, and goldâsilver alloy NPs was confirmed via spectroscopic and microscopic characterization techniques. The properties of the hydrogel were not compromised during formation of the composites. Practical applications of the NP/PVA nanocomposites has been demonstrated by antiâbacterial testing. This establishes AMP processing as a viable oneâstep technique for the fabrication of NP/hydrogel composites, with potential multifunctionality for a range of biomedical applications
Sicker patients account for the weekend mortality effect among adult emergency admissions to a large hospital trust
Trend estimation and short-term forecasting of COVID-19 cases and deaths worldwide
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, many dashboards have emerged as
useful tools to monitor the evolution of the pandemic, inform the public, and
assist governments in decision making. Our goal is to develop a globally
applicable method, integrated in a twice daily updated dashboard that provides
an estimate of the trend in the evolution of the number of cases and deaths
from reported data of more than 200 countries and territories, as well as a
seven-day forecast. One of the significant difficulties to manage a quickly
propagating epidemic is that the details of the dynamic needed to forecast its
evolution are obscured by the delays in the identification of cases and deaths
and by irregular reporting. Our forecasting methodology substantially relies on
estimating the underlying trend in the observed time series using robust
seasonal trend decomposition techniques. This allows us to obtain forecasts
with simple, yet effective extrapolation methods in linear or log scale. We
present the results of an assessment of our forecasting methodology and discuss
its application to the production of global and regional risk maps.Comment: 15 pages including 5 pages of supplementary materia
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