Uncommon presentation of a ganglionic cyst: a case study of intra muscular ganglion cyst of rectus femoris

Ganglionic cyst most commonly occurs in hand and wrist. When it presents in uncommon location like in lower limb, it causes a diagnostic dilemma. One such case is ours, an uncommon presentation of intra muscular cystic ganglion of rectus femoris. Due to its unlikely presentation in rectus femoris, diagnosis and management was delayed. A 12 years old boy presented with complaints of pain and swelling over left lower limb in suprapatellar region. On radiographic and ultrasound examination, swelling was found to be cystic lesion in rectus femoris. Histopathological examination of biopsied specimen was found to be intra muscular ganglion cyst of rectus femoris. The patient’s general condition improved with betterment in laboratory parameters, resolution of the lesion, without any sequelae, no residual deformity and excellent clinical outcome. To consider cystic ganglion as differential diagnosis, along with intra muscular myxoma, lipoma and synovial cyst in patients with lower limb intra muscular swelling

Evaluation of CT Findings in Childhood Seizures

INTRODUCTION: Seizures are the most common neurologic disorder in the paediatric age group. Convulsions as such producing a psychological trauma to the parents and to the patients happen to be a major health problem in many developing countries, which needs more attention to ablate from these stressful events. Convulsions in childhood are among the most common acute and life threatening problems which cause the parents immediately consult a doctor. The convulsive disorder is the expression of a sudden, excessive disorderly discharge of neurons in either a structurally normal or diseased cortex. The discharge results in an almost instantaneous disturbance of sensation, loss of consciousness, convulsive movement or some combination of these. Less than one third of seizures in children are caused by epilepsy, a condition in which seizures are triggered recurrently within the brain. AIM OF THE STUDY: Only very few conducted study on the value of CT in infants and childhood convulsion and its yield in different types of convulsion. Since paucity of above study for the patients admitted in peripheral medical institutions, which has stimulated to conduct a study on this. To find out the high yield group, for effective usage and application of CT as a diagnostic tool. To know about commonest findings in convulsive disorders. Detection of treatable causes of intracranial pathology and to explain the prognosis and outcome to the worrying parents and patients. DISCUSSION: The magnitude of problems of convulsions as leading manifestations of a medical or neurological disease can hardly be overstated. The magnitude of the problem will be evident from the figures given below. Paediatric department statistics for the year 2010, Raja Mirasudhar Hospital shows Total number of admissions 4784 No of children admitted with convulsions 397 So 8.3 % of admissions in this hospital is with seizure disorder. Most of the published observations and studies on CT findings in seizure disorder were either they concentrate on neonates or both neonate and childhood. Many studies of CT findings in seizure disorders were conducted on adults than on children. CONCLUSION: 1. The simple partial seizure cases have high yield with around 100% abnormal findings in CT. 2. In generalized seizures, focal with secondary generalization have a high yield when compared to primary generalized tonic clonic which yielded low abnormal findings. 3. Other forms of seizures like absence, complex partial, and myoclonus were in the low yield group showing no abnormality in the CT brain. 4. The commonest finding in the CT brain was infarct followed by granuloma

3′-(4-Chloro­benzo­yl)-1′-methyl-4′-[5-(2-thien­yl)-2-thien­yl]spiro­[acenaphthyl­ene-1,2′-pyrrolidin]-2(1H)-one

In the title compound, C31H22ClNO2S2, the five-membered pyrrolidine ring, which exhibits an envelope conformation, makes a dihedral angle of 87.4 (2)° with the acenaphthyl­ene ring system. The crystal structure is stabilized by π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.869 (2) Å]. A C atom and the S atom of the thiophene ring are disordered over two positions with refined occupancies of 0.629 (7) and 0.372 (7)

1′-Methyl-3′-(4-methyl­benzo­yl)-4′-[5-(2-thien­yl)-2-thien­yl]spiro­[acenaphthyl­ene-1,2′-pyrrolidin]-2(1H)-one

In the title compound, C32H25NO2S2, the mean plane through the five-membered pyrrolidine ring, which exhibits an envelope conformation, makes dihedral angles of 82.3 (1) and 83.9 (9)° with the benzene ring and the acenaphthyl­ene ring system, respectively. The dihedral angle between the thiophene rings is 19.0(3)°. The crystal structure shows C—H⋯π and π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.869 (2) Å]

Role of Cephalomedullary Nailing in Ipsilateral Neck and Shaft Fractures of Femur

INTRODUCTION: Ipsilateral neck fractures occur in as many as 9% of all shaft fractures. This injury pattern was first described by Delaney & Street in 1953. In most instances, the neck fracture line is almost vertical and undisplaced or minimally displaced. The femoral neck fracture often is missed. Numerous treatment protocols have been recommended for the treatment of this combination injury pattern. Treatment options include: (1) Antegrade femoral nailing of the shaft with cancellous screws placed anterior to the nail for fixation of the neck, (2) Reconstruction-type intramedullary nailing using proximal interlocking screws that pass through the proximal nail segment, across the femoral neck fracture and into the femoral head (this technique has been described with and without the use of additional cancellous lag screws to augment the neck fixation, (3) various plate combinations (including a hip screw and long side plate configuration, a hip screw with short side plate for the neck and separate plate for the shaft, or cancellous screws for femoral neck and a plate for the shaft, and (4) retrograde intramedullary nailing for shaft fixation with cancellous lag screws placed superior to the tip of the nail for neck stabilization. AIM: The purpose of this study is to analyze the efficacy of cephalomedullary nailing in the treatment of ipsilateral fractures of neck and shaft of femur with special emphasis on technical difficulties and complications MATERIALS AND METHODS: 25 patients with ipsilateral neck and shaft fractures who underwent cephalomedullary nailing at our institution were included in our study. 22 were males and 3 were females. 17 fractures were on the right side and 8 on the left side. The age of the patients ranged from 17 – 64 years. The period of study was from June 2004 to June 2006. All patients were followed regularly and the average period of follow up was 16.2months (7 – 24 months). RESULTS: The operating time was calculated from the start of surgical incision to wound closure. The operating time gradually improved with our experience. It varied from 65 min to 135 min. The blood loss was calculated from the number of surgical mops used each corresponding to 50 ml. Blood loss in our series varied from 100 to 250 ml. The duration of image intensifier usage was calculated in seconds. It varied from 50 – 140 seconds. The results obtained and complications encountered were analysed with respect to certain parameters such as timing of surgery, fracture pattern (location, personality, and location), surgical experience, presence of associated injuries, method of reduction employed and the type of implant used. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, a locked intramedullary nail with two proximal screws in the femoral neck and one or two distal locking screws seem useful for extended indications in complex femoral fractures, wherein previous techniques have not yielded uniformly good results

Harmonics Reduction of a Single Phase Half Bridge Inverter

This paper displays a way to deal with minimize the sounds contained in the output of a solitary stage half scaffold inverter. With a perspective to decreasing Harmonic a LC low pass filter is utilized which hinders the music and irrefutably passes verging on sinusoidal yield at the yield terminal. A representation of Fourier Transform has been given in this paper with a specific end goal to see both the basic and music part decisively. It has been found from recreation that the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) previously, then after the fact the application is 44.999% and 0.0183% separately. That is the reason, this LC low pass channel is very compelling to diminish THD of a 1-stage half extension inverter

Mn-doped ZnO microspheres prepared by solution combustion synthesis for room temperature NH3 sensing

Despite being the most favorable ammonia (NH3) gas sensors, metal oxide semiconductors fail to deliver high selectivity and room temperature (RT) sensing. Tuning the metal oxide with doping is an attractive way of overcoming these disadvantages. Herein, we report Mn-doped ZnO microspheres as promising sensors for highly sensitive and selective RT sensing of NH3. ZnO and 2 wt% Mn-doped ZnO microspheres were synthesized by a low-cost and fast solution combustion synthesis, and their structure, morphology, and gas sensing properties were investigated. Mn-doping resulted in a change in the lattice parameters, an increase in the oxygen vacancies, and surface acidity of ZnO as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Temperature programmed desorption (TPD), respectively. Mn-doped ZnO showed a response (Ra/Rg) of 20.2 in 100 ppm NH3, which is significantly higher than ZnO. The sensor showed high selectivity, three times higher than that of ZnO, and good stability. Improvement in the sensing performance of Mn-doped ZnO is attributed to the increase in the defects and surface acidity with Mn-doping. © 2022 The Author(s

Field Demonstration of DNAPL Dehalogenation Using Emulsified Zero-Valent Iron

This paper describes the results of the first field-scale demonstration conducted to evaluate the performance of nano-scale emulsified zero-valent iron (EZVI) injected into the saturated zone to enhance in situ dehalogenation of dense, non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) containing trichloroethene (TCE). EZVI is an innovative and emerging remediation technology. EZVI is a surfactant-stabilized, biodegradable emulsion that forms emulsion droplets consisting of an oil-liquid membrane surrounding zero-valent iron (ZVI) particles in water. EZVI was injected over a five day period into eight wells in a demonstration test area within a larger DNAPL source area at NASA's Launch Complex 34 (LC34) using a pressure pulse injection method. Soil and groundwater samples were collected before and after treatment and analyzed for volatile organic compounds (V005) to evaluate the changes in VOC mass, concentration and mass flux. Significant reductions in TCE soil concentrations (>80%) were observed at four of the six soil sampling locations within 90 days of EZVI injection. Somewhat lower reductions were observed at the other two soil sampling locations where visual observations suggest that most of the EZVI migrated up above the target treatment depth. Significant reductions in TCE groundwater concentrations (57 to 100%) were observed at all depths targeted with EZVI. Groundwater samples from the treatment area also showed significant increases in the concentrations of cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cDCE), vinyl chloride (VC) and ethene. The decrease in concentrations of TCE in soil and groundwater samples following treatment with EZVI is believed to be due to abiotic degradation associated with the ZVI as well as biodegradation enhanced by the presence of the oil and surfactant in the EZVI emulsion