Relationships of Cardiorespiratory Fitness with Metabolic Risk Factors, Inflammation, and Liver Transaminases in Overweight Youths

The aim of this study was to assess the relationships of fatness and fitness with metabolic risk factors, including liver transaminases and inflammation in obese youth, taking in account gender, age, and pubertal stage. 241 children were studied (135 girls), age 11.9 ± 2.2 years (x ± SD), Body Mass Index z score 5.4 ± 2.7. For girls, VO2max was significantly associated with insulin (P = .001), Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (P = .005), and ALT (P = .012); a relationship was displayed between fibrinogen and age and % fat mass (FM) (P = .008); for boys, relationships were found between VO2max and diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides; independent associations were also found between age and insulin, HOMA-IR and HDL cholesterol; fibrinogen and sedimentation rate were related (P ≤ .004) with %FM. Their relationships are observed from young age and increase with the continuous increase of factors. This supports the need to treat overweight as soon as it is detected; improving CRF is one of the ways which could be used to prevent the complications of obesity

P02-01 Promoting Physical Activity in Secondary School for Health, a collaborative European project

The 2PASS-4Health project (Promoting Physical Activity in Secondary School for Health) was founded by the Erasmus+ Sport programme of the European Union to improve the participation in sport and physical activity (PA). This project aims at examining examples of PA promotion interventions in secondary school, identifying good practices as well as the main barriers and difficulties linked to the design, implementation and evaluation of such interventions in order to improve their quality and sustainability. This project targets both the scientific community and various stakeholders involved in school-based PA promotion for adolescents to provide them with clear knowledge and usable tools. The overall design of this project will be presented as well as the first results and deliverables created to implement the interventions

The Relationships Between Skeletal Muscle Index and Bone Variables in a Group of Young Adults

International audienceThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between skeletal muscle index (SMI) and bone variables in a group of young adults. Three hundred and thirty-five young adults (129 men and 206 women) whose ages ranged from 18 to 35 yr voluntarily participated in this study. Weight and height were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Body composition, bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), geometric indices of hip bone strength and trabecular bone score (TBS) were determined for each individual by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Appendicular skeletal mass (ASM, in kg) was calculated by summing the muscle masses of the 4 limbs, assuming that all nonfat and nonebone mass is skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was defined as ASM/height². In young men, SMI was positively correlated to WB BMC (r = 0.63; p < 0.001), WB BMD (r = 0.53; p < 0.001), L1-L4 BMC (r = 0.33; p < 0.001), L1-L4 BMD (r = 0.30; p < 0.001), L1-L4 TBS (r = 0.26; p < 0.01), TH BMC (r = 0.61; p < 0.001), TH BMD (r = 0.46; p < 0.001), FN BMC (r = 0.51; p < 0.001), FN BMD (r = 0.46; p < 0.001), FN cross-sectional area (CSA) (r = 0.56; p < 0.001), FN cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI) (r = 0.52; p < 0.001) and FN section modulus (Z) (r = 0.54; p < 0.001) but negatively correlated to FN strength index (SI) (r = -0.24; p < 0.01). In young women, SMI was positively correlated to WB BMC (r = 0.61; p < 0.001), WB BMD (r = 0.60; p < 0.001), L1-L4 BMC (r = 0.35; p < 0.001), L1-L4 BMD (r = 0.33; p < 0.001), L1-L4 TBS (r = 0.29; p < 0.001), TH BMC (r = 0.61; p < 0.001), TH BMD (r = 0.53; p < 0.001), FN BMC (r = 0.45; p < 0.001), FN BMD (r = 0.49; p < 0.001), FN CSA (r = 0.60; p < 0.001), FN CSMI (r = 0.52; p < 0.001), and FN Z (r = 0.40; p < 0.001) but negatively correlated to FN SI (r = -0.20; p < 0.01). The current study suggests that SMI is a positive determinant of bone mineral density and geometric indices of hip bone strength in young adults

Vigorous Physical Activity And Bone Mineral Density In Anorexia Nervosa Female

International audienceRestrictive Anorexia Nervosa (ANR) is a clinical mental disorder defined as abnormal eating behavior and is often associated with physical hyperactivity. There is no consistent cut-off use to define what is considered excessive physical activity in term of duration, frequency and intensity in contrast with healthy physical activity (1). On the other hand, ANR is marked by bone loss and with low Body Mineral Density (BMD)(2). Few data are available in daily patterns of Physical Activity and in the relationship between time spent in moderate to vigorous PA and Bone Mineral Density (BMD)PURPOSE: To determine the association between time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and BMD in females with anorexia nervosa.METHODS: 17 females with anorexia nervosa (22+2 yrs) were included in the study. Body composition was assess by DXA measurements (Hologic QDR-4500W, Waltham, MA). 24h Physical activity levels and sleep time were monitored by using actigraphy (ActiSleep and ActiGraph GT3X, Pensacola, US).RESULTS: Females with diurnal higher VPA levels demonstrated an increased in integral Femoral Neck Bone Mineral Density (FNBMD) (0.678 g/cm2 vs. 0.623 g/cm2) compared to those with lower diurnal VPA levels (p<0.05). Time spent in light physical activity (LPA) is associated with a significantly lower total hip BMD (g/ cm2)(0.788 ± 0.11 vs 0.873 ± 0.15 ; p< 0.001).CONCLUSION: This investigation shows that ANR females accumulating more total Vigorous Physical Activity presented increased BMDs when compared to their less active peers. These data highlight the importance of VPA in females with AN to counteract their low bone mass and to improve their bone health. High time spent in LPA may be considered to be deleterious for BMD

Relation entre le niveau de littératie physique, la masse grasse et le niveau d’activité physique chez les collégiens

Abstract : Background : La prévalence nationale du surpoids et de l’obésité est stable depuis une dizaine d’années chez les adolescents (6-17 ans), respectivement 17.0% et 3.9% des adolescents. Cependant, leur niveau d’activité physique (AP) est en nette diminution (entre 2014 et 2018, on passe de 16 à 14% chez les garçons et de 9 à 7% chez les filles atteignant les recommandations). D’autre part, nous assistons à une augmentation significative des temps dédié aux activités sédentaires. En effet, 73% d’entre eux passant plus de 2h par jour devant les écrans. La littératie physique (LP) se définit comme la possession du savoir, du vouloir et du pouvoir en matière de pratique physique. Ainsi, posséder un haut niveau de littératie physique serait associé à un comportement actif et un état de santé moins dégradé. L’objectif de l’étude est d’évaluer les associations entre les niveaux de LP de collégiens et les niveaux d’AP, de sédentarité et de condition physique.Methods : Le niveau de littératie physique a été évalué sur 82 adolescents de classe de 6ème d’un collège du Pays Basque par une adaptation française du questionnaire « Perceived physical literacy instrument » (PPLI). La première version de 18 items a été utilisé, ils sont notés sur une échelle de Likert en 5 points. Ces 18 items sont divisés en trois sous échelles relatives à la LP « connaissance et compréhension », « expression personnelle et communication avec les autres » et « confiance en soi ».Le temps de pratique d’AP et le temps d’écran ont été évalués par le questionnaire « Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System ». La condition physique a été mesurée par le « test de marche/course navette adaptée sur 20m » et les données anthropométriques sont en cours d’analyse (TANITA MC-780MA S). Results and discussion : 82 adolescents dont 53 garçons et 29 filles. Un score moyen au PPLI de 76 (11) sur 90 points possibles. Une vitesse maximale aérobie moyenne de 11,2km/h (1,4) et un temps de pratique d’AP moyen de 325 minutes par semaine (149,9). On retrouve une association significative positive (r = 0,3, p = <0,05) entre la condition physique et le score de LP ainsi qu’entre le score de LP et le temps de pratique d’AP (r = 0,5, p = 0,001). Une association significative négative a été retrouvé entre le temps d’écran et le score de LP (r = -0,4, p= <0,001). Les liens entre les relations sont considérées comme faible à moyen. Ces résultats vont dans le sens de ceux retrouvés dans la littérature scientifique. Posséder un haut niveau de littératie physique serait associé à une meilleure condition physique et à un comportement d’AP supérieur. Le nombre trop faible de sujets et les limites de chaque outil de mesure utilisés ne nous permettent pas de conclure à des liens forts entre la LP et la condition physique et entre la LP et comportement d’AP.Conclusion : Ces résultats montrent que la littératie physique est associée à la condition physique et au comportement d’AP qui sont deux déterminants de l’état de santé des adolescents. Evaluer et développer la LP dans les programmes de promotion à la santé s’avèrerait donc pertinent

Relationship between perceived physical literacy, body composition and physical activity level in middle school students

En France, l'inactivité physique touche 73% des jeunes de 11 à 17 ans. Elle est associée à une faible Condition Cardio-Respiratoire (CCR) et/ou des comportements sédentaires importants. Cette association est délétère pour la santé cardio-métabolique des adolescents. La Littératie Physique (LP), définie comme « la motivation, la confiance, la compétence physique, le savoir et la compréhension qu'une personne possède et qui lui permettent de valoriser et de prendre en charge son engagement envers l'activité physique (AP) tout au long de sa vie ». La LP est associée à des comportements « actifs » plus élevés et à une meilleure santé chez les adolescents. Objectif. Etudier les relations entre niveau de Littératie Physique perçue (LPP), la Composition Corporelle (CC), Condition Physique (CP) et les Niveaux d'Activité Physique Hebdomadaire (NAPH) chez les collégiens français

Composite Indices of Femoral Neck Strength in Middle-Aged Inactive Subjects Vs Former Football Players

International audienceThe purpose of this study was to compare composite indices of femoral neck strength ((compression strength index [CSI], bending strength index [BSI], and impact strength index [ISI]) in inactive middle-aged men (n = 20) and middle-aged former football players (n = 15). 35 middle-aged men participated in this study. Body composition and bone variables were evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Composite indices of femoral neck strength (CSI, BSI, and ISI) were calculated. Handgrip strength, vertical jump, maximum power of the lower limbs (watts), horizontal jump, maximal half-squat strength, maximal bench-press strength, sprint performance (10 meters), and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2 max, ml/min/kg) were evaluated using validated tests. CSI, BSI, and ISI were significantly higher in football players compared to inactive men. Vertical jump, horizontal jump, maximal half-squat strength, VO2 max and sprint performance were significantly different between the 2 groups. CSI, BSI, and ISI remained significantly higher in football players compared to inactive men after adjusting for physical activity level. The current study suggests that former football practice is associated with higher composite indices of femoral neck strength in middle-aged men