Naised meditsiinis: pinged ja lahendused

Üha rohkem naisi valib tänapäeval oma erialaks meditsiini. Naisarstide pingeallikad on töökeskkond ja kodune elu, mis tekitavad stressi, kui nad neid konkureerivaid nõudmisi püüavad tasakaalu viia. Pikaajalise pinge tagajärjeks võib olla läbipõlemine, mis toob kaasa tõsiseid füüsilisi ja emotsionaalseid probleeme. Et stressiga paremini toime tulla ja töös edukas olla, peaksid naisarstid oma pingetega aktiivselt tegelema. Käesolevas artiklis räägibki autor, kuidas stressi ära tunda, ning annab soovitusi sellest vabanemiseks

ASICs do not play a role in maintaining hyperalgesia induced by repeated intramuscular acid injections

pre-printRepeated intramuscular acid injections produce long-lasting mechanical hyperalgesia that depends on activation of ASICs. The present study investigated if pH-activated currents in sensory neurons innervating muscle were altered in response to repeated acid injections, and if blockade of ASICs reverses existing hyperalgesia. In muscle sensory neurons, the mean acid-evoked current amplitudes and the biophysical properties of the ASIC-like currents were unchanged following acidic saline injections when compared to neutral pH saline injections or uninjected controls. Moreover, increased mechanical sensitivity of the muscle and paw after the second acid injection was unaffected by local blockade of ASICs (A-317567) in the muscle. As a control, electron microscopic analysis showed that the tibial nerve was undamaged after acid injections. Our previous studies demonstrated that ASICs are important in the development of hyperalgesia to repeated acid injections. However, the current data suggest that ASICs are not involved in maintaining hyperalgesia to repeated intramuscular acid injections

Spread Complexity in free fermion models

We study spread complexity and the statistics of work done for quenches in the three-spin interacting Ising model, the XY spin chain, and the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model. We study these models without quench and for different schemes of quenches, such as sudden quench and multiple sudden quenches. We employ the Floquet operator technique to investigate all three models in the presence of time-dependent periodic driving of parameters. In contrast to the sudden quenched cases, the periodically varying parameter case clearly shows non-analytical behaviour near the critical point. We also elucidate the relation between work done and the Lanczos coefficient and how the statistics of work done behave near critical points.Comment: 23 pages, 18 figure

Complexity and quenches in models with three and four spin interactions

We study information theoretic quantities in models with three and four spin interactions. These models show distinctive characteristics compared to their nearest neighbour counterparts. Here, we quantify these in terms of the Nielsen complexity in static and quench scenarios, the Fubini-Study complexity, and the entanglement entropy. The models that we study have a rich phase structure, and we show how the difference in the nature of phase transitions in these, compared to ones with nearest neighbour interactions, result in different behaviour of information theoretic quantities, from ones known in the literature. For example, the derivative of the Nielsen complexity does not diverge but shows a discontinuity near continuous phase transitions, and the Fubini-Study complexity may be regular and continuous across such transitions. The entanglement entropy shows a novel discontinuity both at first and second order quantum phase transitions. We also study multiple quench scenarios in these models and contrast these with quenches in the transverse XY model.Comment: 12 Pages, 11 Figure

FOTOC complexity in an extended Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model

We study fidelity out-of-time-order correlators (FOTOCs) in an extended Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model and demonstrate that these exhibit distinctive behaviour at quantum phase transitions in both the ground and the excited states. We show that the dynamics of the FOTOC have different behaviour in the symmetric and broken-symmetry phases, and as one approaches phase transition. If we rescale the FOTOC operator with time, then for small times, we establish that it is identical to the Loschmidt echo. We also compute the Nielsen complexity of the FOTOC operator in both phases, and apply this operator on the ground and excited states to obtain the quasi-scrambled state of the model. The FOTOC operator introduces a small perturbation on the original ground and excited states. For this perturbed state, we compute the quantum information metric to first order in perturbation, in the thermodynamic limit. We find that the associated Ricci scalar diverges at the phase transition on the broken-symmetry phase side, in contrast to the zeroth order result. Finally, we comment upon the Fubini-Study complexity in this model.Comment: Minor corrections. 10 Pages, 5 Figure

Influence of Pb toxicity on yield, yield attributing parameters and photosynthetic pigment of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and eggplant (Solanum melongena)

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Pb on yield and yield attributing parameters of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Pusa Rohini) and eggplant (Solanum melongena L. cv Pusa Upkar). The photosynthetic pigment content and lead accumulation in both crops were also quantified. Tomato and eggplant crops were irrigated with waters having four concentrations of Pb (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 ppm). Normal water was used as control (0 ppm) in both the crops. Application of Pb contaminated irrigation water decreased plant height, leaf area/plant, number of fruits/plant, fresh fruit weight/plant, fruit yield/plant, dry weight/plant, above plant biomass/plant. The decrease ranged from 54% to 98% and 51% to 94% in tomato and eggplant, respectively, summarized for various parameters across treatments. The number of days to first fruit harvest increased by 1-2 days in 10 ppm treatment in both the crops. The inhibitory effects of photosynthetic pigments gradually increased with increase in concentration. 10 Pb ppm concentration resulted in the lowest pigment level (mg/g FW) and maximum inhibition rate compared to control. On the basis of the results obtained, it was concluded that tomato was more sensitive compared to eggplant. An attempt was also made to quantify the impact of Pb on the various parameters. The models used were linear, exponential, quadratic, and polynomial of degree 3. The responses could be described very satisfactorily by the polynomial of degree three with R2 > 99% for the both crops for all the parameters

Effect of chromium toxicity on growth, chlorophyll and some macronutrients of Solanum lycopersicum and Solanum melongena

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Cr on growth, photosynthetic pigment and nutrient uptake of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and eggplant (S. melongena L.). Tomato and eggplant crops were irrigated with waters having four concentrations of Cr (0.1, 0.5, 2.5 and 7.5 ppm). Normal water was used as control (0 ppm) in both the crops. Application of Cr contaminated irrigation water decreased plant height, leaf area/plant, number of fruits/ plant, fresh fruit weight/plant, fruit yield/plant, dry weight/plant, above plant biomass/plant. The decrease summarized for various parameters across treatments ranged from 62% to 84% and 56% to 77% in tomato and eggplant, respectively. The inhibitory effects on photosynthetic pigments gradually increased with increase in concentration. 7.5 Cr ppm concentration resulted in the lowest pigment level (mg/g FW) and maximum inhibition rate compared to control. It was also observed that the N, P and K content in fruits were significantly affected by the Cr treatments in both the crops. Accumulation of Cr was more in tomato compared to eggplant indicating that tomato was more sensitive to chromium when compared to eggplant. The impact of Cr on the various parameters quantified by using linear, exponential, quadratic and polynomial of degree 3. The responses were described by the polynomial of degree 3 with R2 > 99% for the both crops

Simultaneous Disruption of Mouse ASIC1a, ASIC2 and ASIC3 Genes Enhances Cutaneous Mechanosensitivity

Three observations have suggested that acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) might be mammalian cutaneous mechanoreceptors; they are structurally related to Caenorhabditis elegans mechanoreceptors, they are localized in specialized cutaneous mechanosensory structures, and mechanical displacement generates an ASIC-dependent depolarization in some neurons. However, previous studies of mice bearing a single disrupted ASIC gene showed only subtle or no alterations in cutaneous mechanosensitivity. Because functional redundancy of ASIC subunits might explain limited phenotypic alterations, we hypothesized that disrupting multiple ASIC genes would markedly impair cutaneous mechanosensation. We found the opposite. In behavioral studies, mice with simultaneous disruptions of ASIC1a, -2 and -3 genes (triple-knockouts, TKOs) showed increased paw withdrawal frequencies when mechanically stimulated with von Frey filaments. Moreover, in single-fiber nerve recordings of cutaneous afferents, mechanical stimulation generated enhanced activity in A-mechanonociceptors of ASIC TKOs compared to wild-type mice. Responses of all other fiber types did not differ between the two genotypes. These data indicate that ASIC subunits influence cutaneous mechanosensitivity. However, it is unlikely that ASICs directly transduce mechanical stimuli. We speculate that physical and/or functional association of ASICs with other components of the mechanosensory transduction apparatus contributes to normal cutaneous mechanosensation

Natural History Of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Implanted At Or After The Age Of 70 Years In A Veteran Population A Single Center Study

Background: The median age of patients in major Implantable Cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)trials (MUSTT, MADIT-I, MADIT-II, and SCD-HeFT) was 63-67 years; with only 11% ≥70 years. There is little follow-up data on patients over 70 years of age who received an ICD for primary/secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death, particularly for veterans. Objective: The aim of this study was to study the natural history of ICD implantation for veterans over 70 years of age. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed single center ICD data in 216 patients with a mean age at implantation 76 ± 4 years. The ICD indication was primary prevention in 161 patients and secondary prevention in 55 patients. The ICD indication was unavailable in 4 patients. Results: Mean duration of follow up was 1686 ± 1244 days during which 114 (52%) patients died. Of these, 31% died without receiving any appropriate ICD therapy. Overall, 60/216 (28%) received appropriate therapy and 28/216 (13%) received inappropriate therapy. Patients who had ICD implantation for secondary prophylaxis had statistically more (p= 0.02) appropriate therapies compared to patients who had ICD implantation for primary prevention. Indication for implantation and hypertension predicted appropriate therapy, while age at the time of implantation and presence of atrial fibrillation predicted inappropriate therapies. Overall, 7.7% had device related complications. Conclusions: Although 28% septuagenarians in this study received appropriate ICD therapy, they had high rates of mortality, inappropriate therapy, and device complications. ICD implantation in the elderly merits individualized consideration, with higher benefit for secondary prevention