2,646 research outputs found
Seeking the Loop Quantum Gravity Barbero-Immirzi Parameter and Field in 4D, = 1 Supergravity
We embed the Loop Quantum Gravity Barbero-Immirzi parameter and field within
an action describing 4D, = 1 supergravity and thus within a Low Energy
Effective Action of Superstring/M-Theory. We use the fully gauge-covariant
description of supergravity in (curved) superspace. The gravitational constant
is replaced with the vacuum expectation value of a scalar field, which in local
supersymmetry is promoted to a complex, covariantly chiral scalar superfield.
The imaginary part of this superfield couples to a supersymmetric Holst term.
The Holst term also serves as a starting point in the Loop Quantum Gravity
action. This suggest the possibility of a relation between Loop Quantum Gravity
and supersymmetric string theory, where the Barbero-Immirzi parameter and field
of the former play the role of the supersymmetric axion in the latter. Adding
matter fermions in Loop Quantum Gravity may require the extension of the Holst
action through the Nieh-Yan topological invariant, while in pure, matter-free
supergravity their supersymmetric extensions are the same. We show that, when
the Barbero-Immirzi parameter is promoted to a field in the context of 4D
supergravity, it is equivalent to adding a dynamical complex chiral
(dilaton-axion) superfield with a non-trivial kinetic term (or K\"ahler
potential), coupled to supergravity.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figure. Replaced with accepted version in Phys. Rev.
New massive supergravity multiplets
We present new off-shell formulations for the massive superspin-3/2
multiplet. In the massless limit, they reduce respectively to the old minimal
(n=-1/3) and non-minimal () linearized formulations for 4D N=1
supergravity. Duality transformations, which relate the models constructed, are
derived.Comment: 18 pages, LaTeX; v2: minor changes, references adde
Unimodular cosmology and the weight of energy
Some models are presented in which the strength of the gravitational coupling
of the potential energy relative to the same coupling for the kinetic energy
is, in a precise sense, adjustable. The gauge symmetry of these models consists
of those coordinate changes with unit jacobian.Comment: LaTeX, 23 pages, conclusions expanded. Two paragraphs and a new
reference adde
Embedding (R+R^2)-Inflation into Supergravity
We find the natural embedding of the (R+R^2)-inflationary model into the
recently constructed N=1 F(\cal R)-supergravity. It gives a simple and viable
realization of chaotic inflation in supergravity. The only requirement for a
slow-roll inflation is the existence of the (\cal R)^3-term with an anomalously
large coefficient in Taylor expansion of the F(\cal R) function, where \cal R
is the covariantly-chiral scalar supercurvature superfield.Comment: 4 pages, revtex, no figures (very minor additions, a reference added
(4,4) superfield supergravity
We present the N=4 superspace constraints for the two-dimensional (2d)
off-shell (4,4) supergravity with the superfield strengths expressed in terms
of a (4,4) twisted (scalar) multiplet TM-I, as well as the corresponding
component results, in a form suitable for applications. The constraints are
shown to be invariant under the N=4 super-Weyl transformations, whose N=4
superfield parameters form another twisted (scalar) multiplet TM-II. To solve
the constraints, we propose the Ansatz which makes the N=4 superconformal
flatness of the N=4 supergravity curved superspace manifest. The locally (4,4)
supersymmetric TM-I matter couplings, with the potential terms resulting from
spontaneous supersymmetry breaking, are constructed. We also find the full
(4,4) superconformally invariant (improved) TM-II matter action. The latter can
be extended to the (4,4) locally supersymmetric Liouville action which is
suitable for describing (4,4) supersymmetric non-critical strings.Comment: 32 pages, LaTeX, revised version (one reference added, and one
Appendix is reduced
No N=4 Strings on Wolf Spaces
We generalize the standard supersymmetric Kazama-Suzuki coset
construction to the case by requiring the {\it non-linear}
(Goddard-Schwimmer) quasi-superconformal algebra to be realized on
cosets. The constraints that we find allow very simple geometrical
interpretation and have the Wolf spaces as their natural solutions. Our results
obtained by using components-level superconformal field theory methods are
fully consistent with standard results about supersymmetric
two-dimensional non-linear sigma-models and WZNW models on Wolf spaces.
We construct the actions for the latter and express the quaternionic structure,
appearing in the coset solution, in terms of the symplectic structure
associated with the underlying Freudenthal triple system. Next, we gauge the
QSCA and build a quantum BRST charge for the string propagating on
a Wolf space. Surprisingly, the BRST charge nilpotency conditions rule out the
non-trivial Wolf spaces as consistent string backgrounds.Comment: 31 pages, LaTeX, special macros are include
Ectoplasm & Superspace Integration Measure for 2D Supergravity with Four Spinorial Supercurrents
Building on a previous derivation of the local chiral projector for a two
dimensional superspace with eight real supercharges, we provide the complete
density projection formula required for locally supersymmetrical theories in
this context. The derivation of this result is shown to be very efficient using
techniques based on the Ectoplasmic construction of local measures in
superspace.Comment: 18 pages, LaTeX; V2: minor changes, typos corrected, references
added; V3: version to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Theor., some comments and
references added to address a referee reques
Lithologic Influences on Groundwater Recharge through Incised Glacial Till from Profile to Regional Scales: Evidence from Glaciated Eastern Nebraska
[1] Variability in sediment hydraulic properties associated with landscape depositional and erosional features can influence groundwater recharge processes by affecting soil-water storage and transmission. This study considers recharge to aquifers underlying river-incised glaciated terrain where the distribution of clay-rich till is largely intact in upland locations but has been removed by alluvial erosion in stream valleys. In a stream-dissected glacial region in eastern Nebraska (Great Plains region of the United States), recharge estimates were developed for nested profile, aquifer, and regional scales using unsaturated zone profile measurements (matric potentials, Cl− and 3H), groundwater tracers (CFC-12 and SF6), and a remote sensing-assisted water balance model. Results show a consistent influence of till lithology on recharge rates across nested spatial scales despite substantial uncertainty in all recharge estimation methods, suggesting that minimal diffuse recharge occurs through upland glacial till lithology whereas diffuse recharge occurs in river valleys where till is locally absent. Diffuse recharge is estimated to account for a maximum of 61% of total recharge based on comparison of diffuse recharge estimated from the unsaturated zone (0–43 mm yr−1) and total recharge estimated from groundwater tracers (median 58 mm yr−1) and water balance modeling (median 56 mm yr−1). The results underscore the importance of lithologic controls on the distributions of both recharge rates and mechanisms
Medication safety incidents in paediatric oncology after electronic medication management system implementation
Objective:
To explore medication safety issues related to use of an electronic medication management system (EMM) in paediatric oncology practice, through the analysis of patient safety incident reports.
Methods:
We analysed 827 voluntarily reported incidents relating to oncology patients that occurred over an 18‐month period immediately following implementation of an EMM in a paediatric hospital in Australia. We identified medication‐related and EMM‐related incidents and carried out a content analysis to identify patterns.
Results:
We found ~79% (n = 651) of incidents were medication‐related and, of these, ~45% (n = 294) were EMM‐related. Medication‐related incidents included issues with: prescribing; dispensing; administration; patient transfers; missing chemotherapy protocols and information on current stage of patient treatment; coordination of chemotherapy administration; handling or storing medications; children or families handling medications. EMM‐related incidents were classified into four groups: technical issues, issues with the user experience, unanticipated problems in EMM workflow, and missing safety features.
Conclusions:
Incidents reflected difficulties with managing therapies rich in interdependencies. EMM, and especially its ‘automaticity’, contributed to these incidents. As EMM impacts on safety in such high‐risk settings, it is essential that users are aware of and attend to EMM automatic behaviours and are equipped to troubleshoot them
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