Length-length and weight-length relationships of seven deep-water fishes in the Gulf of Mexico

Regression coefficients for equations of the form Y = a + bX were estimated for total length (TL) and whole weight (W) as a function of standard length (SL) and fork length (FL) and vice versa for seven deep-water fishes. All lengths were measured in millimeters and all weights in grams. There was a significant correlation between weight and length and the types of length measurements for all species. However, the amount of variation explained by each regression varied among species. Weight-length regressions were less precise than length-length regression, as they generally are, because weights of small fish measured at sea are more inaccurate than those of large fish.Marine Scienc

INLAND/OCEAN WATERBORNE TRANSPORTATION INNOVATIONS AND PORT CHARGES

Public Economics,

The Essential HBO Reader

The founding of Home Box Office in the early 1970s was a harbinger of the innovations that transformed television as an industry and a technology in the decades that followed. HBO quickly became synonymous with subscription television and became the leading force in cable programming. Having interests in television, motion picture, and home video industries was crucial to its success. HBO diversified into original television and movie production, home video sales, and international distribution as these once-separate entertainment sectors began converging into a global entertainment industry in the mid-1980s. HBO has grown from a domestic movie channel to an international cable-and-satellite network with a presence in over seventy countries. It is now a full-service content provider with a distinctive brand of original programming and landmark shows such as The Sopranos and Sex and the City. The network is widely recognized for its award-winning, innovative and provocative programming, including dramatic series such as Six Feet Under and The Wire, miniseries such as Band of Brothers and Angels in America, comedies such as Curb Your Enthusiasm and Def Comedy Jam, sports shows such as Inside the NFL and Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel, documentary series such as Taxi Cab Confessions and Autopsy, and six Oscar-winning documentaries between 1999 and 2004. In The Essential HBO Reader, editors Gary R. Edgerton and Jeffrey P. Jones bring together an accomplished group of scholars to explain how HBO’s programming transformed the world of cable television and how the network continues to shape popular culture and the television industry. Now, after more than three and a half decades, HBO has won acclaim in four distinct programming areas—drama, comedy, sports, and documentaries—emerging as TV’s gold standard for its breakout series and specials. The Essential HBO Reader provides a comprehensive and compelling examination of HBO’s development into the prototypical entertainment corporation of the twenty-first century. Describes the complexities and ambiguities of the channel, its history, its unique business model, and its individual programs. Gary Edgerton and Jeffrey Jones have assembled a dream team of television scholars, some of whom have been paying attention to HBO since its debut in 1972. There are a lot of essay collections about television out there these days --Robert J. Thompson Director, Bleier Center for Television and Popular Culture Sy This is a splendid collection of scholarship and critical thinking. The authors have managed to tame and corral a very important aspect of American media history and yet allowed it to remain daring and unconventional. --Terry Lindvall, author of Surprised by Laughter: The Comic World of C. S. Lewis In the ever-expanding universe of cable, satellite and digital broadcasting, the authors explore how HBO fights to remain the frontrunner in innovative programming. Essential reading! --Kathryn Fuller-Seeley, author of At the Picture Show: Small Town Audiences and Coeditors Edgerton and Jones have added a critical component to the study of television and American culture. The result is a fascinating book that is indeed essential reading for anyone with an interest in media history. --Mary Ann Watson, author of Defining Visions: Television and the American Experi Comprehensive and informative on a topic that deserves to be analyzed in-depth. HBO really did write an important new chapter in television history and has not received the scholarly attention that is its due. --Michael T. Marsden, coeditor of In the Eye of the Beholder: Critical Perspectives “An important assessment of the original programming HBO has created in the past few decades—how these programs are derived and what impact they have had. Recommended.”—Choice Because Edgerton and Jones offer such a thorough treatment of HBO\u27s programming, their volume is a useful addition to a growing number of books about American television in the \u27post-network\u27 era. --American Studieshttps://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_american_popular_culture/1014/thumbnail.jp

INFLUENCE OF LAND TENURE ARRANGEMENTS ON GRAZING MANAGEMENT INCENTIVES

Land Economics/Use, Livestock Production/Industries,

FACTORS INFLUENCING OPTIMAL STOCKING RATES FROM A TENANT PERSPECTIVE

The terms of grazing lease contracts potentially influence the tenants incentive to preserve the vegetation resource. Annual stocking rate decisions dictate the degree of overgrazing, which can be cumulative over long periods of time. The objective of this study is to identify the impact the tenants planning horizon and cost structure specified in the lease contract has on his/her profit-maximizing stocking rate. A multi-period nonlinear programming model was developed to identify economically optimal stocking rates each year over a 24-year period. The model was solved under 1-, 4-, 8-, and 12-year leases on a per acre and per head basis. The relative importance of each lease alternative and input variable on the tenants optimal stocking rate was ranked based on standardized ordinary least squares coefficient estimates between input values and optimal stocking rates. Planning horizon and cost structure had a minor impact on optimal stocking rates relative to non-lease factors such as livestock prices and production costs. Holding other factors constant, per acre leases generated a 2% higher average stocking rate than per head leases. Optimal stocking rates were inversely related to the length of the lease. Twelve-year lease agreements generated 18 and 13% lower optimal stocking rater than the 1-year per acre and per head lease agreements, respectively. The optimal stocking rate difference between an 8-year and a 12-year lease was negligible, suggesting the 8-year lease would provide a similar incentive to protect vegetation as a lease with a longer planning horizon.Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use,

Human load carriage : the ergonomic assessment and development of military load carriage systems

There were two main aims to the thesis: (1) to develop a mobile 'in-field' pressure measurement system to assess pressure at Body-Load Carriage System (LCS) interfaces (shoulders and hips). (2) To evaluate and compare prototype LCS designs in-field and to provide human factor requirements for design improvement. To satisfy the aims of the thesis in-field trials were carried out in a realistic military context. The purposes of these trials were to: (1) compare the standard issue British military LCS against a prototype LCS design in terms of pressure and subjective comfort; (2) increase the understanding of the properties of the shoulder and hip interfaces; (3) assess the relationship between loading at the shoulder and hip; and (4) identify whether other ergonomic issues are also important to consider. By assessing these areas human factors requirements for design were then determined. An additional (minor) aim was to develop a new prototype LCS with a greater degree of compatibility between the components of a military LCS (backpack and webbing), incorporation of material advances, and with a greater consideration for fit and posture. Four main experimental trials were performed the first (n = 11) assessedth e affect of clothing layers at the body-LCS interface on transmitted pressure. Results showed that clothing layers even worn in multiple have no effect on pressure transmission. Thus, no relief from pressure exists for the user. This highlighted the importance of the materials in the shoulder and hip straps. The second trial (n = 10) was a laboratory based comparison of two backpacks, the first the standard issue British military pack, the second a new prototype. Results found significant difference in subjective comfort and also peak pressure at the shoulder interface. The prototype backpack being associated with reduced peak pressure and increased comfort. The third trial (n = 10) assessed whole LCSs (backpack + webbing) in field with civilian participants. The standard issue LCS was compared against a prototype LCS. No significant difference in pressure was identified between the two LCSs, although differences in subjective comfort ratings were still significant indicating a preference for the prototype LCS. The final trial (n = 30) was military in-field trial. Military personnel and loadings were utilised. Again no significant difference in pressure data was identified although differences in subjective ratings remained significant with the prototype LCS design being preferred. Research findings highlighted the continued need for subjective assessment. The relationship between pressure loading at the shoulder and hip interfaces, along with locations of peak pressure within each interface were found to be important factors affecting comfort. Increased pressure distribution at the interfaces via new materials and design was also associated with increased comfort. Other areas which appeared important were the effect of posture and other physical forces not measured (i.e. shear and friction). Human factors guidelines were created for finiher LCS designs and future research ideas were presented.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Nitric oxide treatments as adjuncts to reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review of experimental and clinical studies

Unmodified reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with irreversible myocardial injury beyond that sustained during ischemia. Studies in experimental models of ischemia/reperfusion and in humans undergoing reperfusion therapy for AMI have examined potential beneficial effects of nitric oxide (NO) supplemented at the time of reperfusion. Using a rigorous systematic search approach, we have identified and critically evaluated all the relevant experimental and clinical literature to assess whether exogenous NO given at reperfusion can limit infarct size. An inclusive search strategy was undertaken to identify all in vivo experimental animal and clinical human studies published in the period 1990–2014 where NO gas, nitrite, nitrate or NO donors were given to ameliorate reperfusion injury. Articles were screened at title and subsequently at abstract level, followed by objective full text analysis using a critical appraisal tool. In twenty-one animal studies, all NO treatments except nitroglycerin afforded protection against measures of reperfusion injury, including infarct size, creatinine kinase release, neutrophil accumulation and cardiac dysfunction. In three human AMI RCT’s, there was no consistent evidence of infarct limitation associated with NO treatment as an adjunct to reperfusion. Despite experimental evidence that most NO treatments can reduce infarct size when given as adjuncts to reperfusion, the value of these interventions in clinical AMI is unproven. Our study raises issues for the design of further clinical studies and emphasises the need for improved design of animal studies to reflect more accurately the comorbidities and other confounding factors seen in clinical AMI

A rapid, chromatography-free route to substituted acridine–isoalloxazine conjugates under microwave irradiation

Microwave irradiation was applied to a sequence of condensation reactions from readily available 9-chloroacridines to provide a range of novel acridine–isoalloxazine conjugates. The combination of these two moieties, both of biological interest, was achieved by a chromatography free route

Generating EQ-5D-5L health utility scores from BASDAI and BASFAI : A mapping study in patients with axial spondyloarthritis using longitudinal UK registry data

Acknowledgments: We are grateful to the staff of the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register in Axial Spondyloarthritis. Claudia Zabke, Maureen Heddle, Nafeesa Nazlee and Barry Morris, and to the recruiting staff at the clinical centres, details of which are available at: https://www.abdn.ac.uk/iahs/research/epidemiology/spondyloarthritis.php#panel1011 Funding/Support: The British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register in Ankylosing. Spondylitis (BSRBR-AS) is funded by the British Society for Rheumatology (BSR), which in turn has received funding from the manufacturers of the biologic therapies included in the study (Abbvie, Pfizer and UCB). Pharmaceutical companies providing funds to BSR do not have a role in the oversight of the study, but they do receive advance notice of publications on which they can comment. They do not have access to the data collected but can request analyses of the data, for which additional funds are provided.Peer reviewedPostprin