Employment management policies in single-industry towns in the light of existing issues of precarious employment

Purpose: The article aims to study the precarious employment in single-industry towns and to assess the effectiveness of government measures aimed at reducing it and ensuring the protection of economic and social rights of workers. Design/Methodology/Approach: It was revealed that the transition to an information-digital society, which continues to be formatted at the junction of changes in communication technologies and the motivation of employment behavior, has significantly changed the labor market in Russia. There was a massive introduction of non-standard forms of employment, which has not only positive effects, but also negative risks that are most acute in single-industry towns. To minimize these risks, it is necessary to find mechanisms to increase the economic and social security of workers with flexible employment. Findings: The paper proposes to develop an employment management policy in single-industry towns regarding the precarious employment and include measures of solving the issues related to self-employment of the population. Practical Implications: The practical results of the study can be used to develop assumptions for regional authorities to reduce precarious employment in single-industry towns. Originality / Value: The main contribution of this study is that single-industry cities should reduce inefficient “social employment” by creating highly efficient jobs and developing self-employmenpeer-reviewe

System data analysis : innovative technologies, methods and techniques

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to explore the use of technology of system data analysis. To achieve this goal it is necessary to solve the following set of tasks: to consider the essential characteristics of system analysis and its concept and to identify the algorithm of the application system of data analysis in the framework of methodological tools. Design/Methodology/Approach: The system analysis of data is considered a popular method of scientific knowledge, similar to the study of operations, since this approach is aimed at optimizing the components of a particular system. Its proper application needs knowledge of its methods, technologies and techniques. Authors compiled, analyzed and structured all the elements needed to solve the system data analysis' issues. Findings: Authors developed methodological tools, which can be classified according to some features as: the stage of solving a specific problem, the method of obtaining and presenting information data, the level of formalization of data. Authors also presented the system approach algorithm and scope, highlighting the technologies involved. Practical Implications: The results stressed the problem that the state is faced with the need to maintain a balance between the desire to regulate the state in this sphere and the needs of the market. The findings may be implemented into managerial practices in order to improve and increase the effectiveness of business administration. Originality/Value: The key contribution of this study is the compiled set of data analysis elements to practically keep business environment indicators of interest, relying not only on intuition, but also on framework of methodological tools.peer-reviewe

Analysis of investment risks as a complex system using fuzzy logic and uncertainty management methods

Purpose: In order to effectively handle complex projects, managers need to adopt a pluralistic approach to practice. They should be able to use a wide range of tools and ways of thinking to develop their own methods, their own practice models, freely, according to the needs of a project. The article is aimed at presenting the comprehensive approach in evaluating and analyzing investment risks. Design/Methodology/Approach: When studying the use of fuzzy logic methods, it is necessary to determine the main drawbacks and limitations of the current economic and mathematical models, as well as methods for evaluating the effectiveness and risks of projects. Findings: Using fuzzy logic, authors analyzed risk categories in two key stages by examining the net present value index. Authors applied the method of risk assessment based on the integrated risk assessment V&M, forming full range of investment scenarios and determining the unacceptable risk values. Practical Implications: The authors’ approach could be applied in predicting changes in economic activity under the influence of external and internal factors. Originality/Value: The study highlights the key features of fuzzy logic methods in analyzing projects when processes are difficult to formalize, and subjective criteria exist.peer-reviewe

Winkel-sensitive MRT zur nichtinvasiven Analyse belasteter Knorpelstruktur

Die Arthrose wird durch degenerative Veränderungen des Gelenkknorpels verursacht. Dabei sind die arthrotischen Veränderungen in späten Krankheitsstadien fast immer irreversibel. Nur gezielte therapeutische Maßnahmen gegen früh festgestellte Arthrose können diese progressive pathologische Entwicklung aufhalten.Gegenwärtig existieren jedoch keine etablierten nichtinvasiven Methoden zur frühen Arthrosediagnostik im Gelenkknorpel. Die konventionelle klinische Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) kann weiches Gewebe nichtinvasiv darstellen, ist aufgrund der technischen Grenzen jedoch kaum zum Nachweis früharthrotischer Veränderungen geeignet.Eine erweiterte Methode – winkel-sensitive MRT (WS-MRT) – basiert auf der Orientierungsabhängigkeit der T2-Relaxation bei der MR-Bildgebung und bietet die Möglichkeit mit Hilfe eines analytischen Models Informationen über die Kollagenmatrixstruktur des Gelenkknorpels zu erhalten.Da die Arthrose die organisierte Ultrastruktur des Gelenkknorpels beeinflusst, verändern sich unter stetiger physiologischer Belastung auch seine biomechanischen Eigenschaften sowie das Deformationsverhalten der Kollagenmatrix. Erkennt man diese kaum wahrnehmbaren Veränderungen, könnten die frühen Arthrosestadien so detektiert werden.Aus diesem Grund basieren die Untersuchungen zur druckbedingten Deformation der Knorpelstruktur in dieser Arbeit auf der WS-MRT. Dafür wurden unbehandelte Knorpelproben aus Schafsknien entnommen und im hochauflösenden 7T MRT unter Druckbelastung untersucht. In den Versuchen wurde eine Verfahrensmodifizierung vorgenommen, welche sich durch Druckverteilung auf der gesamten Probenoberfläche mit Hilfe schnell härtenden Acryl-Harzes kennzeichnete. Dadurch konnten nicht nur elastomechanischen Eigenschaften des Gewebes gewonnen, sondern auch die druckbedingte Neigung von Kollagenfasern quantitativ erfasst werden. Diese Daten dienten der detaillierten Beobachtung der Matrixdeformation, einschließlich des Phänomens der Wellenbildung in der Faserform unter Druckbelastung.Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse wurden zur WS-MRT-Analyse der Signalintensität herangezogen mit dem Ziel, die Möglichkeiten dieses Verfahrens für die klinische Praxis zu evaluieren. Diese Analyse ergab eine gute Übereinstimmung der modellierten Intensitäten mit den experimentell abgelesenen Daten. Das Resultat bietet gute Zukunftsaussichten ein inverses Problem zu lösen: Die druckbedingte Matrixdeformation könnte allein durch die Betrachtung der Signalintensität bei einem MRT-Belastungstest aufgeklärt werden. Dies erfordert jedoch weiterführende Studien, insbesondere grundlegende Untersuchungen am nativen und belasteten Knorpel in vivo

National competitiveness as the object of indicative planning in the context of re-industrialization

Three years after the adoption of legislation regarding strategical planning we are able to see the first statistical results, reflecting actual conditions of regulated objects. The subject of this article is to examine the system of indicators of state economic policy, targeting to stimulate the development of economic potential with the aim to improve national economic competitiveness. The objective is the competitiveness of domestic economy as the subject of regulation. The aim is the analysis of the system of indicators on the basis of comparison of actual and planned data, detecting weakly correlated indicators and to make recommendations to correct the system of indicators. The article analyses the indicators that are being used in normative and legal documents. The authors consider long-term and medium-term targets for economic frontier development, as well as main factors that should be accounted while formulating the system of indicators for the economic potential in long- and medium-term. As the list of indicators of economic development in the strategic documents is vast, the chosen direction considers the production with high added value. The indicators considered reflect the indicative aim of scientific development, national innovation system and technology as the most important foundations for improvement of national economic competitiveness. Multidirectional trend of economic development and administration indicators has been detected. The formation of system of supplementary indicators that reflect the development of production frontier has been proposed.peer-reviewe

Irrational behavior of youth when taking financial decisions

Purpose: The article contains research on internal factors of irrational behaviour initiated by the objective to reveal correlation between individual and personal, psychological peculiarities and irrational behavior in life situations. Design/Methodology/Approach: The article is based on a hypothesis that there is a correlation between personal peculiarities and an irrational choice when students of economic HEIs make decisions of economic nature. Such life-purpose orientations as “Locus of control Me” and “Locus of control Life” are connected with irrational economic behavior. Findings: The study allows enriching the subject field of behavioral economics from the point of view of the specificity of economic and psychological characteristics, attitudes towards an economic choice, and the identification of emotional and personal indicators of irrational behavior. It has been revealed that the psychological characteristics of a person (mental processes, orientation of an individual, life-purpose orientations) influence students' irrational economic behavior. Practical Implications: The results of the study can be used by economic institutions (HEIs) in the selection of students for educational programs. The developed diagnostic game technique, the styles of irrational behavior described by the authors can be used in the practice of the educational process of economic HEIs or in assessing the propensity to make irrational economic decisions in other areas of human activity Originality/Value: The main contribution of this study is the clarification of factors of finacial behavior of youth.peer-reviewe