The Wonder Tool Platelet Rich Plasma in Cosmetic Dermatology, Trichology and Hair Transplant

Platelet-rich plasma or PRP therapy is a form of regenerative medicine where body’s own cells, tissues or organs can be utilized by replacing, regenerating or engineering to restore or establish normal function. Various published articles demonstrating the role of PRP therapy in cosmetic procedures like scar revision, facial rejuvenation, stretch mark removal, androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata and hair transplant were analyzed in depth to understand its efficacy based on facts and figures along with inputs from personal experience. PRP therapy is one of the most upcoming forms of regenerative medicine with the potential to improve the homeostasis of the treated cells and tissues, provided that harvesting standards are maintained

SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL CHALCONES OF SCHIFF'S BASES AND TO STUDY THEIR EFFECT ON BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN

Objective: Some novel chalcones consisting –unsaturated carbonyl group and C=N bond were synthesized i.e. 1-(4-(benzylideneamino)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ones and studied the influence of their  presence on bovine serum albumin.Methods: 1-(4-(benzylideneamino)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ones were synthesized by the reaction of substituted benzaldehydes with 1-((4-benzylideneamino)phenyl)ethanone and in the presence of a base. The structures were confirmed by their IR and 1HNMR spectra. After establishing the structures of 1-(4-(benzylideneamino)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ones, their effect were observed on BSA in solution.Results: Out of synthesized chalcones, 1-(4-(4-(3-phenylallylideneamino)phenyl)-3-p-tolylprop-2-en-1-one is most reactive chalcone as it decreased the availability of BSA in solution to maximum extent.Conclusion: 1-(4-(benzylideneamino)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ones interact with the bovine serum albumin which is responsible for the transportation of a number of compounds.Keywords: Bovine serum albumin, interaction studies, chalcones

Comparative Study of Leakage Reduction Techniques for Domino Logic Circuit

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DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE HEALTHCARE MODEL FOR THE HOSPITALS IN NORTHERN INDIA

Background: Healthcare organizations incorporate products and services at economical prices to deliver healthcare services of good quality. All the operations performed in the organizations aimed to achieve a higher level of environmental sustainability governed by the Sustainable Developmental Goals of 2030. Aims: This study aims to develop a sustainable healthcare model using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Methods: First and foremost, the authors have identified the factors associated with the sustainable healthcare system through a literature review. Based on these factors, a questionnaire was developed and administered to 25 healthcare organizations from December 2020 to March 2021. An Analytical Hierarchy Process is utilized to rank the factors, and a conceptual model is developed. The Felix Hospitals substantiate this model. The authors have also applied sensitivity analysis to validate the results achieved via AHP. Results: The AHP model demonstrates the focus is on the environment first, followed by the economic and social dimensions sustainably. The validated model was also substantiated by the hospital (Felix) results and sensitivity analysis. Conclusion: It can be concluded that hospital sustainability highly depends on the environment in the first stage and economic and social sustainability in the second and third stages. The same result was achieved through AHP.  Keywords: analytical hierarchy process, hospital, sustainable healthcare

Role of aspiration cytology in splenic lesions

Background: Splenic fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as a diagnostic procedure has been used since beginning of last century and was first reported in 1916. The objective of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic role of aspiration cytology in splenic lesions.Methods: In our retrospective study Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of spleen was done in a total 34 cases, out of which 28 cases were aspirated under ultrasonological guidance and 6 cases were aspirated blindly. There were 23 male and 11 female patients and the age range of the patients was from 2 to 69 years with 8 patients from paediatric group. Before commencing the procedure all the necessary precautions and investigations including coagulation profile were done.Results: Out of 34 FNAC cases, 5 were bloody aspirate while 2 cases showed normal splenic aspirate. In 27 cases definite diagnostic opinion was possible. Amongst non-neoplastic group maximum patients (8 cases) were showing features of extra medullary hematopoeisis followed by 4 cases of tuberculosis, then 3 cases each of kala azar and storage disorder and 2 cases showed granulomas. In the neoplastic group, we had 2 cases of non-Hodgkins lymphoma, one case of Hodgkin lympoma with 2 cases of hairy cell leukemia and one case of histiocytosis. No major difference in the cellularity noticed when the aspiration done blindly or under ultrasound guidance No procedural complications were seen in our study.Conclusion: Hence when done with full precautions FNAC spleen is a safe, cheap, rapid and highly diagnostic procedure as a primary investigation.

Cervical Pap smear study and its utility in cancer screening in patients attending out-patient department in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the major causes of mortality among women worldwide. By simple pap screening test cervical cancer and its precursor lesions can be detected and treated early. The aim of the study was to determine and analyze Pap smear reports from women presenting with various gynaecological indications in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at Rama Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Hapur over a period of 6 months. Patients with various complaints between ages 21 to 70 years were screened during August 2020 to January 2021 by taking Pap smear using Ayres spatula. Total 330 patients were studied.  Slides were reported according to the 2014 Bethesda system.Results: Maximum number of cases were in the age group 31-40 years constituting 32.72% of the total cases followed by age group 41-50 years. Vaginal discharge was the commonest chief complaint seen in 32.12% cases followed by menorrhagia. Maximum number of cases reported as non-specific inflammatory smears (64.54%). Among epithelial cell abnormalities incidence of LSIL was 2.42% followed by ASCUS (1.82%).Conclusions: Pap smear testing is an economical, non-invasive and simple OPD procedure to detect potentially precancerous and cancerous lesions of cervix. It should be established as a routine screening procedure to reduce the treatment burden, morbidity and mortality

Ad Hoc Multi-Input Functional Encryption

Consider sources that supply sensitive data to an aggregator. Standard encryption only hides the data from eavesdroppers, but using specialized encryption one can hope to hide the data (to the extent possible) from the aggregator itself. For flexibility and security, we envision schemes that allow sources to supply encrypted data, such that at any point a dynamically-chosen subset of sources can allow an agreed-upon joint function of their data to be computed by the aggregator. A primitive called multi-input functional encryption (MIFE), due to Goldwasser et al. (EUROCRYPT 2014), comes close, but has two main limitations: - it requires trust in a third party, who is able to decrypt all the data, and - it requires function arity to be fixed at setup time and to be equal to the number of parties. To drop these limitations, we introduce a new notion of ad hoc MIFE. In our setting, each source generates its own public key and issues individual, function-specific secret keys to an aggregator. For successful decryption, an aggregator must obtain a separate key from each source whose ciphertext is being computed upon. The aggregator could obtain multiple such secret-keys from a user corresponding to functions of varying arity. For this primitive, we obtain the following results: - We show that standard MIFE for general functions can be bootstrapped to ad hoc MIFE for free, i.e. without making any additional assumption. - We provide a direct construction of ad hoc MIFE for the inner product functionality based on the Learning with Errors (LWE) assumption. This yields the first construction of this natural primitive based on a standard assumption. At a technical level, our results are obtained by combining standard MIFE schemes and two-round secure multiparty computation (MPC) protocols in novel ways highlighting an interesting interplay between MIFE and two-round MPC

A prospective and observational study to assess the efficacy of pregabalin versus Gabapentin in relieving early post operative neuropathic pain with respect to clinical and functional outcomes in patients undergoing open lumbar discectomy surgery

Background: Post-operative neuropathic pain is one of the most dreadful complications following lumbar spine surgeries. Owing to the similarities in the pathophysiological and biochemical mechanisms underlying epilepsy and neuropathic pain, many anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) like pregabalin and gabapentin are being used in the treatment of post-operative neuropathic pain. Methods: This prospective and observational study included a total of 60 patients out of 261 patients undergoing lumbar discectomy surgery, who postoperatively had neuropathic pain as diagnosed with LANSS score; and were randomly divided into pregabalin (n=30) and gabapentin (n=30) supplementation groups, and the efficacy was compared with respect to visual analog scale (VAS) score (clinically) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) score (functionally) at pre-operative and post-operative follow-ups; and also, total analgesia consumed. Results: No statistical differences were observed between any of the demographic variables and surgical levels operated upon between the two groups. Both the groups showed significant improvements in clinical (VAS) and functional (ODI) outcome as compared to pre-operative status. Leeds assessment of neuropathic symptoms and signs scale (LANSS) score was significantly increased in both the groups postoperatively till the 3rdmonthfollow-up, after which there was a significant decrease in the score. The Pregabalin group showed significant (p<0.05) improvement in VAS and ODI scores at the post operative 1st, 3rd, and 6th month, as compared to the gabapentin group; however, at other follow-ups the difference was insignificant. Total analgesia consumed was significantly higher in the gabapentin group. Conclusions: Our study concluded that both pregabalin and gabapentin are highly effective in the treatment of early post-operative neuropathic pain; showing encouraging clinical and functional improvements. Pregabalin had significantly better outcomes on short-term follow-ups; however, on longer follow-ups, both had similar beneficial outcomes. Pregabalin supplementation showed a significant analgesia-sparing effect as compared to gabapentin

A prospective and comparative study to evaluate the efficacy of oral pregabalin vs gabapentin combined with IV paracetamol as preemptive analgesic for post-operative pain in patients undergoing single level open lumbar spine decompression surgery in a tertiary health care center

Background: Post-operative pain in spine surgery, whether neuropathic or nociceptive, presents a significant challenge for both surgeons and patients. Previous research has demonstrated the effectiveness of pre-operative oral gabapentinoids in reducing postoperative pain, extending the time to first rescue analgesia, and diminishing overall analgesic requirements. Methods: This study involved 120 patients undergoing lumbar discectomy for disc herniation. They were randomly assigned to receive pre-operative oral pregabalin, gabapentin, or a placebo, along with IV paracetamol as preemptive analgesia. The study assessed their efficacy through post-operative pain scores (VAS), and sedation scores (Ramsay sedation score) at various intervals, time to first rescue analgesia, and total analgesia consumption. Results: No significant differences were found in demographic variables, surgical levels, or duration among the groups. The placebo group had the shortest time to first rescue analgesia, while the pregabalin group showed the longest, with a notable difference. Across most time frames, the pregabalin group reported the lowest mean postoperative VAS scores, whereas the placebo group had the highest. Initial variations in sedation scores converged in later time frames, with the placebo group consistently recording the lowest scores. Total rescue analgesia (tramadol) in the initial 24 hours was highest in the placebo group, followed by the gabapentin group, and lowest in the pregabalin group, with no significant variance. Conclusions: This study affirms the superiority of pre-operative oral pregabalin with IV paracetamol. It effectively prolongs the time to first rescue analgesia and reduces overall analgesic consumption post-lumbar spine surgery, compared to pre-operative oral gabapentin with IV paracetamol