Effect of NAFTA on Mexico's Income Distribution in the Presence of Migration

This paper asks how NAFTA affected income distribution within Mexico considering changes in internal migration. Trade liberalization should theoretically increase the income of low-skilled workers in low-skilled labor-abundant developing countries. Thus, by increasing the wages of poorer workers, one might expect that trade will decrease income disparity. However, anecdotal evidence indicates that NAFTA increased the gap between rich and poor in Mexico. Understanding the distributional effects of NAFTA on regional income is particularly important in countries with high levels of geographic inequality, such as Mexico. Because trade may affect wages differently across regions within the country, accurate trade welfare measures must incorporate intra-national migration. Using household level data before and after NAFTA, I find geographic, gender and educational inequalities in the distribution of Mexican income post NAFTA.Income Distribution, Regional Disparities, Trade Liberalization, Internal-Migration, Food Security and Poverty, International Relations/Trade,

Photosharing on Flickr: intangible heritage and emergent publics

This paper argues that Flickr, a popular ‘photosharing’ website, is facilitating new public engagements with world heritage sites like the Sydney Opera House. Australian heritage institutions (namely libraries and museums) have recently begun to employ Flickr as a site through which to engage communities with their photographic archives and collections. Yet Flickr is more than an ‘online photo album’: it is a social and cultural network generated around personal photographic practices. Members can form ‘groups’: self‐organised communities defined by shared interests in places, photographic genres, or the appraisal of photographs. These groups are public spaces for both visual and textual conversations – complex social negotiations involving personal expression and collective identity. For one group, the common interest is the Sydney Opera House, and their shared visual and textual expressions – representations of this building. This paper argues that such socio‐visual practices themselves constitute an intangible heritage. By drawing on the work of scholars Jose Van Dijck and Nancy Van House, Dawson Munjeri and Michael Warner, the paper proposes that this enactment of intangible heritage is implicated in the broader cultural value of the Sydney Opera Hous

Improving Preeclampsia Education and Assessment Frequency Among Nurses in the Postpartum Unit

Problem: This study aims to improve maternal-child health education and assessment among the multidisciplinary staff in a postpartum unit. Pre-assessment questionnaires and data will be collected over one month, and will guide the changes that need to be implemented. Context: Clinical Nurse Leader students conducted a microsystem assessment in the Postpartum Unit of a hospital in the Bay Area, conducive to improving preeclampsia education and the frequency of assessment for patients with preeclampsia without severe features. Intervention: We implemented supplemental Preeclampsia education for the nurses on the Maternal-Child Postpartum Unit. In addition to the education, we used pre- and post- intervention surveys. To further increase remembrance we created a handout for the nurses to take home with the same information we had discussed while on the unit. Measures: A pre-intervention survey assessed the nurses overall experience with preeclampsia knowledge, protocol, and their comfort levels. The post-intervention survey re-assessed the comfort level with preeclampsia after the education, if they felt the education was helpful, and how satisfied they were with the recommendation. Results: Although 70% of nurses on the unit felt that they already knew the information from the educational handout, the post-intervention assessment endorsed increased education frequency with 50% of nurses moving from being comfortable to very comfortable with preeclampsia. Conclusion: The post-intervention data show the need for further research to determine the safety of monitoring preeclamptic patients without severe features once every 8 hours compared to every 4 hours. Furthermore, a random controlled trial study would be beneficial for assessing patient safety, nurse satisfaction, and significant outcomes

Kindergarten Social and Emotional Learning Development

Social and Emotional Learning Skills for students who attend Community Partnership for Youth after-school program

Present and potential land use mapping in Mexico

The Mexican Water Plan (MWP) conducted studies of present and potential land use in Mexico using LANDSAT-1 satellite imagery. Present land use studies were carried out all over the country (197 million hectares); nine soil uses were mapped according to the first classification level recommended by the U.S. Geological Survey. Also 6.3 million hectares of land with advanced erosion were detected. Work was executed at a rate of 8 million hectares per month; reliability was 90% and the cost of only 0.1 cents/hectare. The potential land use study was performed in 45 million hectares at a rate of 4 million hectares per month and at a cost of 0.33 cents/hectare. Soil units according to FAO classification were delineated scale 1:1 million; interpretative maps were also prepared dealing with potential agricultural productivity carrying capacity for cattle, water, erosion risk, and slope ranges

Informal networked learning as teamwork in design studio Cmyview: using mobile digital technologies to connect with student\u27s everyday experiences

CmyView is a research project that investigates how mobile technologies have the potential to facilitate new ways to share, experience and understand the connections that people have with places. The aim of the project is to theorise and develop a tool and a methodology that addresses the reception of architecture and the built environment using mobile digital technologies that harness ubiquitous everyday practices, such as photography and walking. While CmyView is primarily focused on evidencing the reception of places, this chapter argues that these activities can also make a contribution to the core pedagogy of architectural education, the design studio. This chapter presents findings of an initial pilot study with four students at an Australian university that demonstrates how CmyView offers a valuable contribution to the educational experience in the design studio

The distributional effects of NAFTA in Mexico: evidence from a panel of municipalities

This paper studies the regional distribution of the benefits from trade in Mexico after NAFTA. Specifically, we ask whether or not NAFTA has increased the concentration of economic activity in Mexico. Unlike previous work which uses state-level data, we identify the effect of NAFTA on economic activity at the municipal level allowing us to observe detailed growth patterns across space. Further, to explicitly identify the effect of the trade agreement, we compare results for growth in traded and non-traded sectors. Given the spatial nature of these data, we make explicit use of spatial econometrics methods. We find that NAFTA caused the wealthy regions nearest to the border to grow faster than others, increasing regional disparity. Second, we find that larger municipalities experienced greater per-capita economic benefits from NAFTA. This effect is particularly noticeable in the north. Somewhat surprisingly, we find that regions with a less literate workforce and worse infrastructure grew faster than other areas after the trade agreement, decreasing regional disparity. We notice these redistributive effects occur primarily in the non-traded sectors.Regional Disparities, Trade Liberalization, Agglomeration Economies, Economic Growth, Mexico, Transport Cost, Spatial econometrics, Community/Rural/Urban Development, International Development, International Relations/Trade,