10 research outputs found

    Valores de referĂȘncia para plumbemia em população urbana

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    INTRODUCTION: The lead reference values for blood used in Brazil come from studies conducted in other countries, where socioeconomic, clinical, nutritional and occupational conditions are significantly different. In order to guarantee an accurate biomonitoring of the population which is occupationally exposed to lead, a major health concern of the studied community, reference values for individuals who are not occupationally exposed and who live in the southern region of the city were established. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The sample was composed of 206 subjects of at least 15 years of age. Various strategies were employed to assure good-quality sampling. Subjects who presented values outside clinical or laboratory norms were excluded, as well as those whose specific activities might interfere with the results. RESULTS: Lead reference values for blood were found to be from 2.40 to 16.6 ”g.dL-1, obtained by the interval ; ± 2s (where ; is the mean and s is the standard deviation form observed values) and the median was 7.9 ”g.dL-1.INTRODUÇÃO: Os valores de referĂȘncia utilizados no Brasil, para chumbo em sangue, advĂȘm de estudos realizados em outros paĂ­ses onde as condiçÔes socioeconĂŽmicas, clĂ­nicas, nutricionais e ocupacionais diferem bastante das brasileiras. Para garantir uma correta biomonitorização da população ocupacionalmente exposta ao chumbo, um dos principais problemas identificados no municĂ­pio estudado, foram estabelecidos valores de referĂȘncia na população nĂŁo exposta ocupacionalmente da regiĂŁo sul do municĂ­pio. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Diferentes estratĂ©gias foram utilizadas para assegurar a qualidade de amostragem, que foi dimensionada em 206 sujeitos acima de 15 anos. Sujeitos que apresentaram valores clĂ­nicos e laboratoriais fora da faixa de normalidade foram excluĂ­dos, bem como os que apresentaram atividades especĂ­ficas que pudessem interferir nos valores de plumbemia. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados valores de referĂȘncia para chumbo em sangue de 2,4 a 16,6 mg.dL-1, obtidos atravĂ©s do intervalo ; ± 2s (onde ; Ă© o valor mĂ©dio e s Ă© o desvio-padrĂŁo dos valores observados) e mediana = 7,9 ”g.dL-1

    A taxonomic bibliography of the South American snakes of the Crotalus durissus complex (Serpentes, Viperidae)

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    Valores de referĂȘncia para plumbemia em uma população urbana do Sul do Brasil Reference values for lead in blood in an urban population in southern Brazil

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    Objetivo. Descrever os valores de referĂȘncia para chumbo em sangue em uma população urbana do MunicĂ­pio de Londrina, Estado do ParanĂĄ, Brasil. MĂ©todos. A população de referĂȘncia foi constituĂ­da por 520 voluntĂĄrios adultos avaliados de novembro de 1994 a dezembro de 1996. Os critĂ©rios de exclusĂŁo foram: exposição ocupacional ao chumbo, exposição atravĂ©s de hĂĄbitos, fumar mais de 10 cigarros por dia e morar perto de indĂșstrias ou de locais que utilizam o chumbo em seus processos produtivos. TambĂ©m foram excluĂ­dos indivĂ­duos com valores de exames clĂ­nicos e laboratoriais fora da normalidade, doenças crĂŽnicas e distĂșrbios cardiovasculares. Os teores de chumbo em sangue foram determinados por espectrofotometria de absorção atĂŽmica com chama de ar-acetileno. O limite de detecção obtido foi 1,23 mig/dL. ApĂłs as anĂĄlises de chumbo em sangue, foram determinados valor mĂ­nimo, primeiro quartil, mediana, terceiro quartil e valor mĂĄximo; mĂ©dia geomĂ©trica; intervalo de confiança de 95%; intervalo experimental; e valor de referĂȘncia. Resultados. Os valores de referĂȘncia para plumbemia variaram de 1,20 a 13,72 mig/dL. A mĂ©dia geomĂ©trica foi igual a 5,5 mig/dL. ConclusĂ”es. Em geral, os valores obtidos no presente estudo sĂŁo mais baixos do que aqueles obtidos em outros paĂ­ses. Estudos adicionais deveriam enfocar a obtenção de valores de referĂȘncia em outras populaçÔes brasileiras que vivem em regiĂ”es mais industrializadas.<br>Objective. To describe the reference values for lead in blood in an urban population in the city of Londrina, in the state of ParanĂĄ, Brazil. Materials and methods. The reference population was composed of 520 adult volunteers who were assessed from November 1994 to December 1996. Exclusion criteria were: occupational exposure to lead, exposure through personal habits or practices, smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day, and living near industrial plants or other places that use lead in their production processes. Also excluded were individuals with abnormal clinical or laboratory results or with chronic diseases or cardiovascular disorders. Lead blood levels were determined using air-acetylene flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The detectable limit was 1.23 mug/dL. After the analyses of lead in blood, the following values were determined: minimum value, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum value; geometric mean; 95% confidence interval; experimental interval; and reference value. Results. The reference values for lead in blood ranged from 1.20 mug/dL to 13.72 mug/ dL. The geometric mean was 5.5 mug/dL. Conclusions. In general, the values found in this study are lower than those that have been reported for other countries. Additional data should be gathered from Brazilian populations living in more-industrialized areas

    USO DE DILUENTES E TEMPERATURAS ALTERNATIVAS NA CONSERVAÇÃO PROLONGADA DO SÊMEN DO VARRÃO

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    The use of appropriate extenders is important for the success of an artificial insemination program. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of alternative extenders for swine semen at different temperatures (17 to 10 °C). The following extenders were used: Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS), powdered coconut water (ACP-103Ÿ), and skimmed milk powder (LPD). The 50 ejaculates were analyzed daily, in natura and after dilution, during the 5-day period of semen preservation (D0 to D4), regarding spermatic vigor and motility. Acrosome integrity and sperm viability were evaluated on D0 and D4. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Students, Tukey and chi-square tests (p<0.05). The LPD extender at 10 °C presented higher motility and sperm vigor compared to BTS and ACP until D2, and to treatments stored at 17 °C. Acrosome vitality and integrity remained higher (p<0.001) with LPD at 10 °C on D0 and D4. LPD showed to be a good extender for the swine semen at lower temperature (10 °C). Furthermore, it provided better protection to sperm cells, by allowing greater integrity and vitality of the acrosome

    Violence against women: prevalence and associated factors in patients attending a public healthcare service in the Northeast of Brazil ViolĂȘncia contra a mulher: prevalĂȘncia e fatores associados em pacientes de um serviço pĂșblico de saĂșde no Nordeste brasileiro

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    The prevalence of and factors associated with violence against women attended as outpatients between October 2005 and January 2006 by the Instituto Materno Infantil Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil, were investigated using a cross-sectional type study. 619 women over the age of 18 were included in a systematic probabilistic sample. The modified Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS) was applied and the data were evaluated statistically by way of univariate and bivariate analyses, using the &#967;2 or Fischer's exact test and an adjusted multivariate logistic regression model. The prevalence of violence against women was 27.5% (95%CI: 24.0%-31.2%) in the twelve-month period prior to the consultation. The associated factors were low level of schooling (OR = 2.34), a history of domestic violence (OR = 2.21) the woman being mentally disturbed (OR = 2.35), and the partner's consumption of alcohol (OR = 1.77). The prevalence of violence was high in the group of women studied, indicating the need to broaden preventive measures and all-round health care for women.<br>Investigou-se a prevalĂȘncia e os fatores associados Ă  violĂȘncia contra mulheres assistidas no ambulatĂłrio do Instituto Materno Infantil Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil, utilizando um estudo tipo corte transversal (Outubro/2005 a Janeiro/2006). Foram incluĂ­das 619 mulheres com idade > 19 anos, sendo a amostra probabilĂ­stica sistemĂĄtica. Utilizou-se o instrumento Abuse Assessment Screen(AAS), modificado. Os dados foram avaliados estatisticamente por anĂĄlise uni e bivariada, usando-se o teste &#967;2 ou exato de Fischer e um modelo ajustado de regressĂŁo logĂ­stica multivariada. Foi de 27,5% (IC95%: 24,0%-31,2%) a prevalĂȘncia de violĂȘncia contra a mulher nos Ășltimos 12 meses. Os fatores associados foram baixa escolaridade (OR = 2,34), historia de violĂȘncia familiar (OR = 2,21), transtorno mental da mulher (OR = 2,35) e uso de bebida alcoĂłlica pelo parceiro(OR = 1,77). Foi elevada a prevalĂȘncia de violĂȘncia contra a mulher no grupo estudado, indicando a necessidade de ampliar a prevenção e os cuidados Ă  saĂșde integral da mulher

    Localized scleroderma: clinical spectrum and therapeutic update

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