Cultivation in female college students

This study examines the cultivation effects based on the sex of the subject and the amount of television watched. Specifically, this study examines the effect of television viewing on female and male college students in order to understand what affect television viewing may have on the consumer. A modified version of the Cultivation Index Scale was administered to 157 college students. A series of ANOVA\u27s were performed on these data. Results indicate that men and women differ significantly in terms of cultivation effects. The statistical tests also revealed that subjects who watch larger amounts of television displayed more cultivation effects than those who watch less television

Factors related to the emotional responses of rural school-aged children who have asthma

textAsthma is a complex, chronic disorder of the airways that is characterized by underlying inflammation, airflow obstruction, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Asthma symptoms can be frightening and can have an effect on the emotional functioning Quality of Life (QOL) of school-aged children who have asthma. The purpose of this exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational study was to explore the influence of factors identified in the literature on school-aged children’s emotional responses to asthma. Guiding this study was a theoretical model that proposed that the impact of chronic illness severity on QOL is potentially mediated by both resource and barrier factors. The population of interest was 85 school-aged children (ages 6-12) and parents of children who have asthma that were recruited from participants already enrolled in year 4 of the Asthma in Central Texas (ACT) study (R01NR007770, Sharon D. Horner, P.I.) at The University of Texas at Austin. Significant inverse correlations were found between asthma related child emotional functioning QOL and each of the following variables: asthma severity, r = -.30, p < .01; child internalizing behaviors, r = -.26, p < .05, and child externalizing behaviors, r = -.43, p < .001. Significant inverse relationships were found between caregiver emotional functioning QOL and each of the following variables: asthma severity, r = -.39, p < .001; child internalizing behaviors, r = -.22, p < .05 and child externalizing behaviors, r = -.25, p < .05. Multiple regression analysis revealed that asthma severity and child externalizing problems accounted for 26% of the variance in child emotional functioning QOL. No moderators or mediators were identified. Findings from this study imply that externalizing problem behaviors of school-aged children may be a predictor of their negative feelings about their asthma. Nursing educators should consider including the emotional impact of asthma on children in nursing curriculums as this may ultimately influence health care providers to more skillfully address this important issue in both assessment and intervention settings.Nursin

NS1 of H5N1 Interacts with SAP-97 in a PDZ-dependent Manner to Disrupt Epithelial Barrier Integrity

The ability of influenza A virus to cause global pandemics has been a great concern throughout history and poses a serious health risk worldwide. Pandemic outbreaks throughout history, such as the Spanish flu of 1918, have claimed the lives of millions of people worldwide. The current outbreak of avian influenza (H5N1) that began in 1997 is still claiming lives, and therefore efforts to understand the mechanisms of pathogenesis in this highly virulent virus are of the utmost importance. According to the World Health Organization, there have been 447 reported H5N1 human cases, resulting in 263 deaths. The pathology of H5N1 infection includes pulmonary edema and diarrhea. Large scale sequencing of influenza A viruses revealed that nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) contains a class I PDZ motif. The NS1 proteins of avian origin contain the PDZ motif ESEV, which has been found to bind several cellular PDZ domain proteins. The interaction of NS1 and host proteins via the PDZ motif is a determinant in the virulence of influenza viruses of avian origin. Consistent with the clinical symptoms, this study is the first to show that the NS1 protein of A/chicken/Vietnam/C58/04 binds synapse-associated protein-97 (SAP-97), an adherens junction protein, in a PDZ motif-dependent manner. In H5N1 infected tissues, the SAP-97 distribution is reorganized. Functionally, the interaction of NS1 and SAP-97 results in the loss of epithelial barrier function. This mechanism helps to explain why the two disease states, pulmonary edema and diarrhea, in which epithelial barrier is compromised, are both common in human H5N1 infection

An examination of the direct versus indirect effects of parenting behavior on academic achievement: The potential role of perceived competence and motivational orientation

Examines the interrelationships among parenting styles, children\u27s perceived competence, and children\u27s academic motivation. A correlational-regressional approach was used to test the hypothesis that perceived parent responsiveness and expectations would be positively correlated with children\u27s perceived competence, motivation, and academic achievement. The sample consisted of 50 fourth, fifth and sixth grade students from an ethnically diverse Southern California private school. The correlations among perceptions of competence, preference for challenge (i.e., motivational orientation), and achievement were supported. However, the correlations among the parenting behavior were only partially supported

ANALYSIS OF THE BIOCHEMICAL AND CELLULAR ACTIVITIES OF SUBSTRATE BINDING BY THE MOLECULAR CHAPERONE HSP110/SSE1

Molecular chaperones ensure protein quality during protein synthesis, delivery, damage repair, and degradation. The ubiquitous and highly conserved molecular chaperone 70-kDa heat-shock proteins (Hsp70s) are essential in maintaining protein homeostasis by cycling through high and low affinity binding of unfolded protein clients to facilitate folding. The Hsp110 class of chaperones are divergent relatives of Hsp70 that are extremely effective in preventing protein aggregation but lack the hallmark folding activity seen in Hsp70s. Hsp110s serve as Hsp70 nucleotide exchange factors (NEF) that facilitate the Hsp70 folding cycle by inducing release of protein substrate from Hsp70, thus recycling the chaperone for a sequential round of folding and allowing successfully folded substrates to exit the folding cycle. In the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Hsp110 is represented by the proteins Sse1 and Sse2, which possess an Hsp70-like substrate binding domain (SBD), making them unique among other functionally similar, but structurally distinct, NEFs. Studies of Hsp110 and Sse1 have demonstrated that this chaperone/NEF family can bind polypeptides and prevent proteins from aggregating in vitro and that this ability is conferred by the SBD. However, attempts to study Hsp110 protein binding in vivo have not been successful. To date, the impact of peptide binding by Hsp110 is unknown. This study elucidates and defines substrate binding by the yeast Hsp110 and addresses the contributions of this activity toward protein and cellular homeostasis as well as begins inquiries into substrate binding by the Drosophila melanogaster Hsp110, Hsc70cb. As a major partner of Hsp70, determining cellular Hsp110 activities is a prerequisite to a full understanding of chaperone-mediated protein homeostasis. By studying chaperone functions and activities in yeast and animal models, we can understand human cellular protein quality control systems which can then be pharmacologically targeted to combat protein conformational disorders, including Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and Parkinson’s diseases

EFL Teachers’ perceptions and practices about assessment at the Universidad Central del Ecuador

Despite rising interest in understanding how language mastery is assessed, our knowledge of language assessment, alternatives in assessment, feedback, peer and self-assessment, as well as our understanding of teachers’ perceptions of assessment and their subsequent assessment practices is still quite limited. In my experience, language assessment is not always aligned with what and how students learn in their EFL classes. My aim is to conduct a case study of three EFL teachers from the Centro de Idiomas (Language Center) in the UCE and examining how their knowledge and beliefs about assessment influence their practices in class. I will collect data from different sources such as teachers’ interviews, class observations, and analysis of artifacts (tests, quizzes, presentations, worksheets, and observation sheets). As a theoretical framework for this study, I draw upon sociocultural theories, specifically Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and Conceptual Development. The impact of this study will hopefully improve our understanding of teachers´ perceptions and language assessment in an EFL context, and implement an effective English language assessment process in EFL, which in turn would benefit students, professors, universities, and communities in my country and Latin America

Towards a better labeling process for network security datasets

Most network security datasets do not have comprehensive label assignment criteria, hindering the evaluation of the datasets, the training of models, the results obtained, the comparison with other methods, and the evaluation in real-life scenarios. There is no labeling ontology nor tools to help assign the labels, resulting in most analyzed datasets assigning labels in files or directory names. This paper addresses the problem of having a better labeling process by (i) reviewing the needs of stakeholders of the datasets, from creators to model users, (ii) presenting a new ontology of label assignment, (iii) presenting a new tool for assigning structured labels for Zeek network flows based on the ontology, and (iv) studying the differences between generating labels and consuming labels in real-life scenarios. We conclude that a process for structured label assignment is paramount for advancing research in network security and that the new ontology-based label assignation rules should be published as an artifact of every dataset