Axioms for consensus functions on the n-cube

An elementary general result is proved that allows for simple characterizations of well-known location/consensus functions (median, mean and center) on the n-cube. In addition, alternate new characterizations are given for the median and anti-median functions on the n-cube.Comment: 12 page

Implications of the first detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) with Liquid Argon

The CENNS-10 experiment of the COHERENT collaboration has recently reported the first detection of coherent-elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) in liquid Argon with more than $3 \sigma$ significance. In this work, we exploit the new data in order to probe various interesting parameters which are of key importance to CEvNS within and beyond the Standard Model. A dedicated statistical analysis of these data shows that the current constraints are significantly improved in most cases. We derive a first measurement of the neutron rms charge radius of Argon, and also an improved determination of the weak mixing angle in the low energy regime. We also update the constraints on neutrino non-standard interactions, electromagnetic properties and light mediators with respect to those derived from the first COHERENT-CsI data.Comment: discussion expanded including light mediators and nuclear uncertainties, figures added, references added. V3: Fig. 7 corrected, conclusions unchange

Nearest neighbor embedding with different time delays

A nearest neighbor based selection of time delays for phase space reconstruction is proposed and compared to the standard use of time delayed mutual information. The possibility of using different time delays for consecutive dimensions is considered. A case study of numerically generated solutions of the Lorenz system is used for illustration. The effect of contamination with various levels of additive Gaussian white noise is discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, updated to final versio

Local topological and chiral properties of QCD

To elucidate the role played by instantons in chiral symmetry breaking, we explore their properties in full QCD, around the critical temperature. We study in particular spatial correlations between low-lying Dirac eigenmodes and instantons. Our measurements are compared with the predictions of instanton-based models.Comment: LATTICE98(confine), 3 pgs, 4 figures (3 color

Role of Agglomeration in the Early Stages of Papillar Stone Formation

Possible effects of crystal agglomeration on the early stages of calcium oxalate papillar stone formation are evaluated. The collecting ducts are filled with liquid that flows laminarly as established through hydrodynamical and physicochemical considerations. Under such conditions, agglomeration due to laminar shear forces proceeds. Agglomeration of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals present in urine at a concentration typical for clinically observed crystalluria cannot result in the formation of a particle sufficiently large enough to be retained in the Bellini\u27s duct and become a papillar stone nidus (nucleus). Formation of such an aggregate during the passage time of urine through the duct requires an unrealistically high concentration of crystals in urine, one that exceeds the normal content of urinary oxalate by several orders of magnitude. Aggregates obstructing the Bellini\u27s duct as assumed in the free particle theory cannot represent a major factor in stone formation. This conclusion is corroborated by experimental results and other observations

Niche shifts after island colonization spurred adaptive diversification and speciation in a cosmopolitan bird clade

Islands have long been recognized as key contributors to biodiversity because they facilitate geographic isolation and ecological divergence from mainland ancestors. However, island colonization has traditionally been considered an evolutionary dead-end process, and its consequences for continental biodiversity remain understudied. Here, we use the evolutionary radiation of Columbiformes (i.e. pigeons and doves) to examine if ecological niche shifts on islands shaped biological diversification and community composition on continents. We show that the colonization of islands by continental, terrestrial-foraging lineages led to the exploitation of a new ecological niche (i.e. arboreal foraging). This transition towards arboreal foraging was associated with evolutionary adaptation towards a new morphological optimum. In addition, arboreal-foraging lineages of islands experienced an increase in speciation rates, which was associated with successful range expansions to other islands as well as back colonization of continents. Our results provide empirical evidence that diversification on continents can only be fully understood when studying the diversification processes that took place on islands, challenging the view of islands as mere sinks of evolutionary diversity