Financing Higher Education in Latin America

Latin American countries have been enjoying a strong growth during the 2000s for the first time since the debt crisis of the 1980s. This article focuses on some of the changes that took place during these boom years with regard to public and private funds earmarked for tertiary education, some consequences of this funding pattern in terms of equity, and the main innovations in funding mechanisms put in place to allocate public funds.Fil: Garcia, Ana Maria. Centro de Estudios de Estado y Sociedad; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

The Agri-Food Cooperative Netchain: A Theoretical Framework to Study its Configuration

This paper proposes a research framework of the design and configuration of agrifood chains where the focal firm is a second-tier cooperative (group of affiliated cooperatives) in order to assess the alignment of (relational) governance structures and coordination mechanisms in these chains with supply chain management (SCM) principles. The theoretical framework proposes an integrative approach by drawing on the Relational View of inter-organisational competitive advantage and the Theory of Networks as inter-cooperative vertical relationships are embedded in horizontal ties between firms (first-tier cooperatives) of social rather economic nature. The conceptual framework developed herein will help theory building in SCM, but most importantly it would advance current knowledge on the scope of SCM in the agrifood cooperative sector.supply chain management, agrifood cooperatives, governance structure and coordination mechanisms, Agribusiness,

The Delineation and Apportionment of an EU Consolidated Tax Base for Multi-jurisdictional Corporate Income Taxation: a Review of Issues and Options.

The Commission Services study on Company Taxation in the Internal Market and the Communications COM(2001)582 and COM(2003)726 on EU company taxation presented a long-term strategy to tackle the corporate income tax obstacles in the Internal Market by providing multi-jurisdictional companies with a consolidated tax base for their EU-wide activities for corporate taxation purposes. This comprehensive approach relies on a number of crucial steps such as delineating the CTB and choosing the mechanism for apportioning the multinationals' tax bases between the relevant Member States, so that they can then apply the national corporation tax rate to their respective shares. This work systematically addresses some of the fundamental questions that arise when considering the design of a consolidation + apportionment system for sharing multinationals' consolidated profits between EU Member States.European Union, Corporate Taxation, multinational taxation, formula apportionment

Ideology of objectivity in political journalism. Attitudes, values and beliefs around truth as a possible horizon?

Desde un enfoque crítico-discursivo se analizan contenidos automáticos y reflexivos en torno a la “objetividad”, como código estilístico-normativo y dispositivo cultural de contornos míticos, compartido por periodistas y audiencias de la información política. Con base en entrevistas realizadas bajo un enfoque etnográfico entre 2012 y 2014, a profesionales de diferentes medios masivos de Córdoba-Argentina, primero se discuten la auto-percepción de su rol contemporáneo y las condiciones de su vínculo cotidiano con fuentes y acontecimientos. Dado el carácter inter-subjetivo del fenómeno, en un segundo momento se incluye el contraste entre las perspectivas periodísticas y las percepciones de audiencias locales, recopiladas en sesiones experimentales simultáneas. Mediante una estrategia de triangulación analítica, se advierte un significativo vínculo de circularidad entre definiciones profesionales y expectativas de consumo.From a critical-discursive approach, automatic and reflexive contents are analyzed around "objectivity", as a stylistic-normative code and cultural device with mythical contours, shared by journalists and audience of political information. Based on interviews to professionals from different mass media in Córdoba-Argentina (conducted under an ethnographic approach between 2012 and 2014), firstly the self-perception of their contemporary role and the conditions of their daily link with sources and events are discussed. Given the inter-subjective nature of the phenomenon, in a second moment the contrast between the journalistic perspectives and the perceptions of local audiences, gathered in simultaneous experimental sessions, is included. Through an analytical triangulation strategy, a significant circularity link between professional definitions and consumption expectations is noticed.From a critical-discursive approach, automatic and reflexive contents are analyzed around “objectivity”, as a stylistic-normative code and cultural device with mythical contours, shared by journalists and audience of political information. Based on interviews to professionals from different mass media in Córdoba-Argentina — conducted under an ethnographic approach between 2012 and 2014 —, firstly the self-perception of their contemporary role and the conditions of their daily link with sources and events are discussed. Given the inter-subjective nature of the phenomenon, in a second moment the contrast between the journalistic perspectives and the perceptions of local audiences, gathered in simultaneous experimental sessions, is included. Through an analytical triangulation strategy, a significant circularity link between professional definitions and consumption expectations is noticed.Fil: Paz Garcia, Ana Pamela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; Argentina. Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIPsi), CONICET - Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentin

A Computational Study of Blood Flow and Vascular Nitric Oxide Transport

Atherosclerosis occurs in a spatially heterogeneous fashion within the arterial system. The patchy nature of the disease is thought to reflect spatial variation in haemodynamic factors such as wall shear stress (WSS) and in the concentration of vascular species. This thesis numerically investigates blood flow and vascular transport of the atheroprotective agent nitric oxide (NO) using a spectral/hp element method. Firstly, NO distribution is analysed within a parallel-plate flow chamber coated with endothelial cells. Contrary to the accepted hypothesis that NO concentration increases with WSS (as does NO production), it is observed that NO concentration depends on WSS in a non-monotonic fashion. Furthermore, these results emphasise the effect of convection on in vitro NO transport, which has been overlooked or misinterpreted in most previous computational studies. Secondly, blood flow and NO transport are investigated within a detailed representation of the rabbit thoracic aorta and its branches, which was reconstructed using high resolution computed tomography (CT) scan data of a vascular corrosion cast. The computed WSS distribution exhibits significant spatial heterogeneity, reflecting the complexity of the blood flow. In particular it is observed that two Dean-type vortices (associated with a skewed velocity profile) form in the aortic arch and propagate along the descending aorta. This results in streaks of WSS similar in nature to the fatty streaks of early stage atherosclerosis observed in mature rabbits. This finding provides further support for the hypothesis that blood flow mediates atherogenesis. The vascular distribution of NO is found to depend significantly on the relationship between NO production and WSS. Furthermore, it is concluded that mechanisms preventing NO consumption by haemoglobin (such as diffusional barriers) must exist in order for NO to exert its atheroprotective action. This study represents the first effort to model NO transport in a realistic representation of the major arteries

De la historia de las mujeres a la historia del género

Este artículo muestra una revisión panorámica de la historia de las mujeres incluyendo la comprensión de las diversas características y sus diversas etapas historiográficas y del género. Se entiende a la teoría del género en su estrecha vinculación con el poder, la dominación y la subordinación. También se explora, de manera breve, el surgimiento de los estudios de las masculinidades y la teoría queer

La privatización de la violencia conyugal en la ciudad de México entre los siglos XVIII y XX: polémicas de liberalismo

Historia de la concepción de la violencia conyugal a lo largo de tres siglos en México, se compara la normatividad novohispana con el proceso codificar de 1872 a 1929. Se explican las razones de su invisibilidad y por qué se mantuvo como un asunto de interés privado hasta las reformas de 1992.El Colegio de Jalisc

The Perception of New Professionals on Their Transition Into the Field of Student Affairs

While research has been conducted exploring the competencies needed for student affairs work, little is known about the perception of new professionals regarding their socialization into the field. This phenomenological study explores the perception of 10 new student affairs professionals on how the National Association of Student Personnel Administrators and the American College Personnel Association Values, Philosophy and History professional competency aided their social transition into student affairs. Using Weidman et al.’s (2001) graduate socialization theoretical framework, the study revealed three key findings: (a) for new student affairs professionals, the socialization process begins well before beginning a graduate program; (b) the role of student affairs supervisors, mentors, and student affairs staff is crucial to the successful transition and socialization of new student affairs professionals; and (c) the importance of authenticity and wellness for the successful socialization and transition into the field of student affairs. Among the three key findings, three themes emerged: (a) their socialization impacted their approach to serving students, (b) their socialization influenced their perception of the importance of experiential learning, and (c) their socialization emphasized that while higher education may not have been built with diverse populations in mind, they are finding ways to serve diverse students