Manual de historia de la filosofía

Visitado el 23 de febrero de 201

El Terapeuta Ocupacional en el marco de las reformas de los sistemas de salud: reflexiones desde el caso Colombia

La Terapia Ocupacional ha logrado avances significativos en su devenir histórico, ejercicio profesional que ha sido desempeñado predominantemente en escenarios institucionales orientados por las directrices del paradigma positivista, la lógica de lo biomédico y las exigencias mecanicistas de la ciencia hegemónica en la recuperación y rehabilitación de personas con disfunciones físicas y psicosociales. No obstante, la profesión ha transitado por transformaciones con el pasar del tiempo, cambios asociados a las metamorfosis sociales, económicas, políticas y culturales de cada contexto que enmarca al terapeuta, situación que resalta el carácter de determinación de fenómenos vitales como la salud y la ocupación. Por consiguiente, es necesario entender la naturaleza y objetivos de los sistemas sanitarios en los que se despliega la práctica profesional, visibilizar los cambios que han sufrido dichos esquemas a raíz de la imposición de la agenda neoliberal y generar reflexiones del modo como estas políticas impactan el accionar del experto en ocupación humana, poniendo especial énfasis en el caso de Colombia. Se formulan recomendaciones en términos de motivar a los profesionales de la salud para que adopten posturas críticas y se concienticen de la necesidad del accionar colectivo por el derecho a la salud

Synthesis of Biodegradable Macroporous Poly(l‑lactide)/Poly(ε-caprolactone) Blend Using Oil-in-Eutectic-Mixture High-Internal-Phase Emulsions as Template

We have demonstrated that l-lactide (LLA) forms a eutectic mixture with ε-caprolactone (CL) in a 30:70 mol ratio with a melting point of −19 °C. Taking advantage of the liquid nature and polarity at the LLA–CL eutectic mixture, we have formulated oil-in-eutectic-mixture high-internal-phase emulsions (HIPEs) by stepwise addition of the oil phase (tetradecane) into the continuous phase (mixture of surfactant and LLA−CL eutectic mixture) at room temperature and under stirring. The oil-in-LLA–CL-eutectic-mixture HIPEs were polymerized in the presence of both the organocatalysts 1,8-diazabicyclo­[5.4.0]­undec-7-ene (DBU) and methanesulfonic acid (MSA) and the initiator benzyl alcohol (BnOH) at 37 °C and without the addition of any extra reagent or solvent in one single pot. The catalytic selectivities of DBU and MSA for the ring-opening polymerizations of LLA and CL, respectively, allowed the synthesis of macroporous poly­(l-lactide)/poly­(ε-caprolactone) blend materials. The resulting materials exhibited a macroporous morphology that resembled that of the HIPE internal-phase droplets used as templates. These materials proved effective as oil absorbents for oil/water separation with not only a noticeable performance, similar to that of conventional sorbents in terms of both selectivity and recyclability, but also unprecedented safe disposability, certainly of interest for applications in the cleanup of industrial oily wastewaters and oil spills, thanks to the biodegradable features of both poly­(ε-caprolactone) and poly­(l-lactide)

Two-particle Bose-Einstein correlations and their Lévy parameters in PbPb collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = 5.02 TeV

Two-particle Bose-Einstein momentum correlation functions are studied for charged-hadron pairs in lead-lead collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV. The data sample, containing 4.27$\times10^{9}$ minimum bias events corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.607 nb$^{-1}$, was collected by the CMS experiment in 2018. The experimental results are discussed in terms of a L\'evy-type source distribution. The parameters of this distribution are extracted as functions of particle pair average transverse mass and collision centrality. These parameters include the L\'evy index or shape parameter ($\alpha$), the L\'evy scale parameter ($R$), and the correlation strength parameter ($\lambda$). The source shape, characterized by $\alpha$, is found to be neither Cauchy nor Gaussian, implying the need for a full L\'evy analysis. Similarly to what was previously found for systems characterized by Gaussian source radii, a hydrodynamical scaling is observed for the L\'evy $R$ parameter. The $\lambda$ parameter is studied in terms of the core-halo model.Comment: Submitted to Physical Review C. All figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-21-011 (CMS Public Pages

Search for Exotic Higgs Boson Decays H→AA→4γ with Events Containing Two Merged Diphotons in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV

: We present the first direct search for exotic Higgs boson decays H→AA, A→γγ in events with two photonlike objects. The hypothetical particle A is a low-mass spin-0 particle decaying promptly to a merged diphoton reconstructed as a single photonlike object. We analyze the data collected by the CMS experiment at sqrt[s]=13  TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 136  fb^{-1}. No excess above the estimated background is found. We set upper limits on the branching fraction B(H→AA→4γ) of (0.9-3.3)×10^{-3} at 95% confidence level for masses of A in the range 0.1-1.2 GeV

Search for CP violation in tt‾ \overline{\textrm{t}} H and tH production in multilepton channels in proton-proton collisions at s \sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

The charge-parity (CP) structure of the Yukawa interaction between the Higgs (H) boson and the top quark is measured in a data sample enriched in the t$$\overline{\textrm{t}}$$H and tH associated production, using 138 fb−1 of data collected in proton-proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s}$$= 13 TeV by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. The study targets events where the H boson decays via H → WW or H → ττ and the top quarks decay via t → Wb: the W bosons decay either leptonically or hadronically, and final states characterized by the presence of at least two leptons are studied. Machine learning techniques are applied to these final states to enhance the separation of CP -even from CP -odd scenarios. Two-dimensional confidence regions are set on κt and $$\overset{\sim }{\kappa }$$t, which are respectively defined as the CP -even and CP -odd top-Higgs Yukawa coupling modifiers. No significant fractional CP -odd contributions, parameterized by the quantity |$${f}_{CP}^{\textrm{Htt}}$$| are observed; the parameter is determined to be |$${f}_{CP}^{\textrm{Htt}}$$| = 0.59 with an interval of (0.24, 0.81) at 68% confidence level. The results are combined with previous results covering the H → ZZ and H → γγ decay modes, yielding two- and one-dimensional confidence regions on κt and $$\overset{\sim }{\kappa }$$t, while |$${f}_{CP}^{\textrm{Htt}}$$| is determined to be |$${f}_{CP}^{\textrm{Htt}}$$| = 0.28 with an interval of |$${f}_{CP}^{\textrm{Htt}}$$| < 0.55 at 68% confidence level, in agreement with the standard model CP -even prediction of |$${f}_{CP}^{\textrm{Htt}}$$| = 0