Aplicación del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) en una asignatura del Máster Universitario de Ingeniería Industrial: propuesta metodológica y de evaluación

[ES] En la asignatura “Tecnología Química Industrial” del Máster Universitario en Ingeniería Industrial de la Universitat Politécnica de València (UPV) se imparten contenidos relativos a las Operaciones Básicas de la Ingeniería Química, no estudiados previamente por la mayoría de los alumnos. Este hecho, unido a las complicaciones asociadas a la media de 300 alumnos que tiene la asignatura, condiciona el tipo de metodologías que se pueden aplicar y, por lo tanto, el nivel de profundidad en el que se pueden desarrollar los contenidos. Por ello, la metodología principal aplicada hasta el momento ha sido la lección magistral participativa, con resolución de problemas en el aula. Aunque los resultados en cuanto a porcentaje de alumnos que superan la asignatura son muy satisfactorios, el enfoque de aprendizaje es muy superficial y creemos que debería adecuarse más al nivel de máster de la asignatura. Para conseguir un aprendizaje más profundo, se ha decido modificar parcialmente la metodología de la asignatura, integrando el Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP). En este trabajo se describe cómo se va a implementar y evaluar la metodología ABP en la asignatura. Todo ello forma parte de un Proyecto de Innovación y Mejora Educativa concedido por el VECA de la UPV.[EN] In the subject "Industrial Chemical Technology" of the Master's Degree in Industrial Engineering of the Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV) content related to the Basic Operations of Chemical Engineering is taught, not previously studied by the most students. This fact, together with the complications associated with the average of 300 students that the subject has, conditions the type of methodologies that can be applied and, therefore, the level of depth at which the contents can be developed. Therefore, the main methodology applied so far has been the participatory master lesson, with problem solving in the classroom. Although the results in terms of percentage of students who pass the subject are very satisfactory, the learning approach is very superficial and we believe that it should be more adapted to the master's level of the subject. To achieve a deeper learning, it has been decided to partially modify the methodology of the subject, integrating the Problem Based Learning (BPL). This work describes how the BPL methodology will be implemented and evaluated in the subject. All this is part of an Innovation and Educational Improvement Project granted by the VECA of the UPV.Sancho, M.; García-Fayos, B.; García-Castelló, EM.; Martí-Calatayud, MC.; Rodríguez-López, AD.; Bes-Piá, A.; Mendoza-Roca, JA.... (2021). Aplicación del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) en una asignatura del Máster Universitario de Ingeniería Industrial: propuesta metodológica y de evaluación. En IN-RED 2020: VI Congreso de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 945-957. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2020.2020.12004OCS94595

Quorum sensing network in clinical strains of A. baumannii : AidA is a new quorum quenching enzyme

Acinetobacter baumannii is an important pathogen that causes nosocomial infections generally associated with high mortality and morbidity in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Currently, little is known about the Quorum Sensing (QS)/Quorum Quenching (QQ) systems of this pathogen. We analyzed these mechanisms in seven clinical isolates of A. baumannii. Microarray analysis of one of these clinical isolates, Ab1 (A. baumannii ST-2-clon-2010), previously cultured in the presence of 3-oxo-C12-HSL (a QS signalling molecule) revealed a putative QQ enzyme (α/β hydrolase gene, AidA). This QQ enzyme was present in all nonmotile clinical isolates (67% of which were isolated from the respiratory tract) cultured in nutrient depleted LB medium. Interestingly, this gene was not located in the genome of the only motile clinical strain growing in this medium (A. baumannii strain Ab421-GEIH-2010 [Ab7], isolated from a blood sample). The AidA protein expressed in E. coli showed QQ activity. Finally, we observed downregulation of the AidA protein (QQ system attenuation) in the presence of HO (ROS stress). In conclusion, most of the A. baumannii clinical strains were not surface motile (84%) and were of respiratory origin (67%). Only the pilT gene was involved in surface motility and related to the QS system. Finally, a new QQ enzyme (α/β hydrolase gene, AidA protein) was detected in these strains

Do dietary patterns determine levels of vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12 intake and corresponding biomarkers in European adolescents? The Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study

OBJECTIVES: To determine dietary patterns (DPs) and explain the highest variance of vitamin B6, folate, and B12 intake and related concentrations among European adolescents. METHODS: A total of 2173 adolescents who participated in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study met the eligibility criteria for the vitamin B intake analysis (46% boys) and 586 adolescents for the biomarkers analysis (47% boys). Two non-consecutive, 24-h, dietary recalls were used to assess the mean intakes. Concentrations were measured by chromatography and immunoassay testing. A reduced rank regression was applied to elucidate the combined effect of food intake of vitamin B and related concentrations. RESULTS: The identified DPs (one per vitamin B intake and biomarker and by sex) explained a variability between 34.2% and 23.7% of the vitamin B intake and between 17.2% and 7% of the biomarkers. In the reduced rank regression models, fish, eggs, cheese, whole milk and buttermilk intakes were loaded positively for vitamin B intake in both sexes; however, soft drinks and chocolate were loaded negatively. For the biomarkers, a higher variability was observed in the patterns in terms of food loads such as alcoholic drinks, sugars, and soft drinks. Some food items were loaded differently between intakes and biomarkers such as fish products, which was loaded positively for intakes but negatively for plasma folate in girls. CONCLUSIONS: The identified DPs explained up to 34.2% and 17.2% of the variability of the vitamin B intake and plasma concentrations, respectively, in European adolescents. Further studies are needed to elucidate the factors that determine such patterns