Chinese Teachers’ Perceptions on Implementation of CLT in College Business English Class

This qualitative study investigates teachers’ perceptions and challenges of the implementation of Communicative Language Teaching. The participants were nine Business English teachers at a private college in Chengdu, China. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that the majority of participants have favourable perceptions of CLT. However, participants mentioned teacher-related challenges, student-related challenges, and policy-related challenges that hinder their implementation of CLT in Business English classes. The findings of this study are beneficial to the field of CLT in China, especially in the English for Specific Purpose context. The recommendations for future studies are discussed

Examining the Phenomenon of Juveniles Digital Addiction in Rural China

Digital addiction among China's rural juveniles escalates and hampers the harmony and stability of families and society. This paper investigates digital addiction among rural juveniles in China. Semi-structured interviews selected six relevant respondents in rural Shaanxi Province as samples. The study explores the degree, characteristics, causes, effects, and prevention and control of rural juveniles' digital addiction. The findings reveal the importance of digital literacy education, parent-child cognitive dislocation, and the complexity of rural juveniles' digital addiction. The study has limitations, including its limited research perspective and the need for more typical cases for analysis and discussion. Keywords: Digital addiction; Rural juveniles; Social work; Digital literacy eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2023. The Authors. Published for AMER & cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), College of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia DOI

Phenotypic and transcriptional analysis of the osmotic regulator OmpR in Yersinia pestis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The osmotic regulator OmpR in <it>Escherichia coli </it>regulates differentially the expression of major porin proteins OmpF and OmpC. In <it>Yersinia enterocolitica </it>and <it>Y. pseudotuberculosis</it>, OmpR is required for both virulence and survival within macrophages. However, the phenotypic and regulatory roles of OmpR in <it>Y. pestis </it>are not yet fully understood.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>Y. pestis </it>OmpR is involved in building resistance against phagocytosis and controls the adaptation to various stressful conditions met in macrophages. The <it>ompR </it>mutation likely did not affect the virulence of <it>Y. pestis </it>strain 201 that was a human-avirulent enzootic strain. The microarray-based comparative transcriptome analysis disclosed a set of 224 genes whose expressions were affected by the <it>ompR </it>mutation, indicating the global regulatory role of OmpR in <it>Y. pestis</it>. Real-time RT-PCR or <it>lacZ </it>fusion reporter assay further validated 16 OmpR-dependent genes, for which OmpR consensus-like sequences were found within their upstream DNA regions. <it>ompC</it>, <it>F</it>, <it>X</it>, and <it>R </it>were up-regulated dramatically with the increase of medium osmolarity, which was mediated by OmpR occupying the target promoter regions in a tandem manner.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>OmpR contributes to the resistance against phagocytosis or survival within macrophages, which is conserved in the pathogenic yersiniae. <it>Y. pestis </it>OmpR regulates <it>ompC</it>, <it>F</it>, <it>X</it>, and <it>R </it>directly through OmpR-promoter DNA association. There is an inducible expressions of the pore-forming proteins OmpF, C, and × at high osmolarity in <it>Y. pestis</it>, in contrast to the reciprocal regulation of them in <it>E. coli</it>. The main difference is that <it>ompF </it>expression is not repressed at high osmolarity in <it>Y. pestis</it>, which is likely due to the absence of a promoter-distal OmpR-binding site for <it>ompF</it>.</p

Regulatory effects of cAMP receptor protein (CRP) on porin genes and its own gene in Yersinia pestis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The cAMP receptor protein (CRP) is a global bacterial regulator that controls many target genes. The CRP-cAMP complex regulates the <it>ompR-envZ </it>operon in <it>E. coli </it>directly, involving both positive and negative regulations of multiple target promoters; further, it controls the production of porins indirectly through its direct action on <it>ompR-envZ</it>. Auto-regulation of CRP has also been established in <it>E. coli</it>. However, the regulation of porin genes and its own gene by CRP remains unclear in <it>Y. pestis</it>.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>Y. pestis </it>employs a distinct mechanism indicating that CRP has no regulatory effect on the <it>ompR-envZ </it>operon; however, it stimulates <it>ompC </it>and <it>ompF </it>directly, while repressing <it>ompX</it>. No transcriptional regulatory association between CRP and its own gene can be detected in <it>Y. pestis</it>, which is also in contrast to the fact that CRP acts as both repressor and activator for its own gene in <it>E. coli</it>. It is likely that <it>Y. pestis </it>OmpR and CRP respectively sense different signals (medium osmolarity, and cellular cAMP levels) to regulate porin genes independently.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although the CRP of <it>Y. pestis </it>shows a very high homology to that of <it>E. coli</it>, and the consensus DNA sequence recognized by CRP is shared by the two bacteria, the <it>Y. pestis </it>CRP can recognize the promoters of <it>ompC</it>, <it>F</it>, and <it>X </it>directly rather than that of its own gene, which is different from the relevant regulatory circuit of <it>E. coli</it>. Data presented here indicate a remarkable remodeling of the CRP-mediated regulation of porin genes and of its own one between these two bacteria.</p

Construct validity and reliability.

Enhancing green innovation for business sustainability represents a pressing global challenge. In the context of the manufacturing industry, the relationship between proactive green innovation (PGI) and structural social capital (SSC) remains a profoundly under-researched area. Drawing upon the theories of social capital and dynamic capability (DC), this study investigated the relationship between SSC and PGI within manufacturing enterprises via three individual and sequential mediating factors, namely cognitive social capital (CSC), relational social capital (RSC), and DC. Adopting a cross-sectional quantitative design, this study collected survey data from 485 manufacturing sector employees in China using purposive sampling. Structural equation modeling analysis of the data revealed no significant direct impact of SSC on PGI, but a strong indirect impact through the sequential mediating influences of CSC, RSC, and DC. The findings suggests that PGI within manufacturing enterprises is not wholly shaped by SSC; rather, firm-level dynamic capabilities, characterized by a sequential mechanism, plays a crucial role in achieving PGI within these enterprises. This paper offers both theoretical and practical contributions and provides recommendations for future research based on its limitations.</div

Structural model estimation results.

Enhancing green innovation for business sustainability represents a pressing global challenge. In the context of the manufacturing industry, the relationship between proactive green innovation (PGI) and structural social capital (SSC) remains a profoundly under-researched area. Drawing upon the theories of social capital and dynamic capability (DC), this study investigated the relationship between SSC and PGI within manufacturing enterprises via three individual and sequential mediating factors, namely cognitive social capital (CSC), relational social capital (RSC), and DC. Adopting a cross-sectional quantitative design, this study collected survey data from 485 manufacturing sector employees in China using purposive sampling. Structural equation modeling analysis of the data revealed no significant direct impact of SSC on PGI, but a strong indirect impact through the sequential mediating influences of CSC, RSC, and DC. The findings suggests that PGI within manufacturing enterprises is not wholly shaped by SSC; rather, firm-level dynamic capabilities, characterized by a sequential mechanism, plays a crucial role in achieving PGI within these enterprises. This paper offers both theoretical and practical contributions and provides recommendations for future research based on its limitations.</div

Questionnaire items.

Enhancing green innovation for business sustainability represents a pressing global challenge. In the context of the manufacturing industry, the relationship between proactive green innovation (PGI) and structural social capital (SSC) remains a profoundly under-researched area. Drawing upon the theories of social capital and dynamic capability (DC), this study investigated the relationship between SSC and PGI within manufacturing enterprises via three individual and sequential mediating factors, namely cognitive social capital (CSC), relational social capital (RSC), and DC. Adopting a cross-sectional quantitative design, this study collected survey data from 485 manufacturing sector employees in China using purposive sampling. Structural equation modeling analysis of the data revealed no significant direct impact of SSC on PGI, but a strong indirect impact through the sequential mediating influences of CSC, RSC, and DC. The findings suggests that PGI within manufacturing enterprises is not wholly shaped by SSC; rather, firm-level dynamic capabilities, characterized by a sequential mechanism, plays a crucial role in achieving PGI within these enterprises. This paper offers both theoretical and practical contributions and provides recommendations for future research based on its limitations.</div

Research model.

Enhancing green innovation for business sustainability represents a pressing global challenge. In the context of the manufacturing industry, the relationship between proactive green innovation (PGI) and structural social capital (SSC) remains a profoundly under-researched area. Drawing upon the theories of social capital and dynamic capability (DC), this study investigated the relationship between SSC and PGI within manufacturing enterprises via three individual and sequential mediating factors, namely cognitive social capital (CSC), relational social capital (RSC), and DC. Adopting a cross-sectional quantitative design, this study collected survey data from 485 manufacturing sector employees in China using purposive sampling. Structural equation modeling analysis of the data revealed no significant direct impact of SSC on PGI, but a strong indirect impact through the sequential mediating influences of CSC, RSC, and DC. The findings suggests that PGI within manufacturing enterprises is not wholly shaped by SSC; rather, firm-level dynamic capabilities, characterized by a sequential mechanism, plays a crucial role in achieving PGI within these enterprises. This paper offers both theoretical and practical contributions and provides recommendations for future research based on its limitations.</div

Direct and indirect hypotheses testing results.

Enhancing green innovation for business sustainability represents a pressing global challenge. In the context of the manufacturing industry, the relationship between proactive green innovation (PGI) and structural social capital (SSC) remains a profoundly under-researched area. Drawing upon the theories of social capital and dynamic capability (DC), this study investigated the relationship between SSC and PGI within manufacturing enterprises via three individual and sequential mediating factors, namely cognitive social capital (CSC), relational social capital (RSC), and DC. Adopting a cross-sectional quantitative design, this study collected survey data from 485 manufacturing sector employees in China using purposive sampling. Structural equation modeling analysis of the data revealed no significant direct impact of SSC on PGI, but a strong indirect impact through the sequential mediating influences of CSC, RSC, and DC. The findings suggests that PGI within manufacturing enterprises is not wholly shaped by SSC; rather, firm-level dynamic capabilities, characterized by a sequential mechanism, plays a crucial role in achieving PGI within these enterprises. This paper offers both theoretical and practical contributions and provides recommendations for future research based on its limitations.</div

Measurement model estimation results.

Enhancing green innovation for business sustainability represents a pressing global challenge. In the context of the manufacturing industry, the relationship between proactive green innovation (PGI) and structural social capital (SSC) remains a profoundly under-researched area. Drawing upon the theories of social capital and dynamic capability (DC), this study investigated the relationship between SSC and PGI within manufacturing enterprises via three individual and sequential mediating factors, namely cognitive social capital (CSC), relational social capital (RSC), and DC. Adopting a cross-sectional quantitative design, this study collected survey data from 485 manufacturing sector employees in China using purposive sampling. Structural equation modeling analysis of the data revealed no significant direct impact of SSC on PGI, but a strong indirect impact through the sequential mediating influences of CSC, RSC, and DC. The findings suggests that PGI within manufacturing enterprises is not wholly shaped by SSC; rather, firm-level dynamic capabilities, characterized by a sequential mechanism, plays a crucial role in achieving PGI within these enterprises. This paper offers both theoretical and practical contributions and provides recommendations for future research based on its limitations.</div