2,450 research outputs found
N′-(3,5-Dibromo-2-hyÂdroxyÂbenzylÂidene)-4-nitroÂbenzohydrazide methanol monosolvate
The title compound, C14H9Br2N3O4·CH4O, was obtained as the product of the reaction of 3,5-dibromoÂsalicylÂaldehyde with 4-nitroÂbenzohydrazide in methanol. The benzohydrazide molÂecule is nearly planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.126 (2) Å. The mean planes of the two benzene rings make a dihedral angle of 9.3 (3)°. IntraÂmolecular O—H⋯N and O—H⋯Br interÂactions are observed in the benzohydrazide molÂecule. In the crystal, pairs of adjacent benzohydrazide molÂecules are linked by two methanol molÂecules through interÂmolecular O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a dimer
Optical loss compensation in a bulk left-handed metamaterial by the gain in quantum dots
A bulk left-handed metamaterial with fishnet structure is investigated to
show the optical loss compensation via surface plasmon amplification, with the
assistance of a Gaussian gain in PbS quantum dots. The optical resonance
enhancement around 200 THz is confirmed by the retrieval method. By exploring
the dependence of propagation loss on the gain coefficient and metamaterial
thickness, we verify numerically that the left-handed response can endure a
large propagation thickness with ultralow and stable loss under a certain gain
coefficient.Comment: 6 pages with 4 figure
D-FNN Based Modeling and BP Neural Network Decoupling Control of PVC Stripping Process
PVC stripping process is a kind of complicated industrial process with characteristics of highly nonlinear and time varying. Aiming at the problem of establishing the accurate mathematics model due to the multivariable coupling and big time delay, the dynamic fuzzy neural network (D-FNN) is adopted to establish the PVC stripping process model based on the actual process operation datum. Then, the PVC stripping process is decoupled by the distributed neural network decoupling module to obtain two single-input-single-output (SISO) subsystems (slurry flow to top tower temperature and steam flow to bottom tower temperature). Finally, the PID controller based on BP neural networks is used to control the decoupled PVC stripper system. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed integrated intelligent control method
The basic reproductive ratio of Barbour's two-host schistosomiasis model with seasonal fluctuations
Motivated by the first mathematical model for schistosomiasis proposed by Macdonald and Barbour's classical schistosomiasis model tracking the dynamics of infected human population and infected snail hosts in a community, in our previous study, we incorporated seasonal fluctuations into Barbour's model, but ignored the effect of bovine reservoir host in the transmission of schistosomiasis. Inspired by the findings from our previous work, the model was further improved by integrating two definitive hosts (human and bovine) and seasonal fluctuations, so as to understand the transmission dynamics of schistosomiasis japonica and evaluate the ongoing control measures in Liaonan village, Xingzi County, Jiangxi Province.; The basic reproductive ratio R 0 and its computation formulae were derived by using the operator theory in functional analysis and the monodromy matrix theory. The mathematical methods for global dynamics of periodic systems were used in order to show that R 0 serves as a threshold value that determines whether there was disease outbreak or not. The parameter fitting and the ratio calculation were performed with surveillance data obtained from the village of Liaonan using numerical simulation. Sensitivity analysis was carried out in order to understand the impact of R 0 on seasonal fluctuations and snail host control. The modified basic reproductive ratios were compared with known results to illustrate the infection risk.; The Barbour's two-host model with seasonal fluctuations was proposed. The implicit expression of R 0 for the model was given by the spectral radius of next infection operator. The R 0 s for the model ranged between 1.030 and 1.097 from 2003 to 2010 in the village of Liaonan, Xingzi County, China, with 1.097 recorded as the maximum value in 2005 but declined dramatically afterwards. In addition, we proved that the disease goes into extinction when R 0 is less than one and persists when R 0 is greater than one. Comparisons of the different improved models were also made.; Based on the mechanism and characteristics of schistosomiasis transmission, Barbour's model was improved by considering seasonality. The implicit formula of R 0 for the model and its calculation were given. Theoretical results showed that R 0 gave a sharp threshold that determines whether the disease dies out or not. Simulations concluded that: (i) ignoring seasonality would overestimate the transmission risk of schistosomiasis, and (ii) mollusiciding is an effective control measure to curtail schistosomiasis transmission in Xingzi County when the removal rate of infected snails is small
Enhanced sensing performance by the plasmonic analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency in active metamaterials
The gain-assisted plasmonic analogue of electromagnetically induced
transparency (EIT) in a metallic metamaterial is investigated for the purpose
to enhance the sensing performance of the EIT-like plasmonic structure. The
structure is composed of three bars in one unit, two of which are parallel to
each other (dark quadrupolar element) but perpendicular to the third bar
(bright dipolar element), The results show that, in addition to the high
sensitivity to the refractive-index fluctuation of the surrounding medium, the
figure of merit for such active EIT-like metamaterials can be greatly enhanced,
which is attributed to the amplified narrow transparency peak
Exploration of the factors influencing hearing disability in older adults of China: a nested case-control study
ObjectiveAs two line trends – aging disability and disability aging – continue to emerge, hearing disability is becoming increasingly prevalent among older adults in china. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of hearing disability among older adults and identify the various factors contributing to its development.MethodsIn this matched nested case-control study, data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2018 were analyzed. A total of 4,523 older adults were recruited from a national sample database, of which 1,094 individuals were eligible for inclusion in the hearing disability cohort, while 3,429 older adults who had not been diagnosed with hearing disability were considered non-hearing disability controls. Hearing disability was assessed by a self-reported question. These controls were matched to hearing disability cases in a 1:1 ratio based on age and sex. The logistic regression models were used to find out various factors of hearing disability in the target population.ResultsTotally 1,094 individuals (24.14%) developed hearing disability during the follow-up period. After 1:1 matching, 2,182 subjects were included in the study, with 1,091 cases in the case group. Factors that influenced the incidence of hearing disability in older adults included annual per capita household income (OR = 0.985, p = 0.003), cognitive function (OR = 0.982, p = 0.015), depression level (OR = 1.027, p < 0.001), somatic mobility (OR = 0.946, p = 0.007), history of kidney disease (OR = 1.659, p < 0.001), history of asthma (OR = 1.527, p = 0.008), history of accidental injuries (OR = 1.348, p = 0.015), whether there is a place for recreational and fitness activities in the community (OR = 0.672, p < 0.001), and whether there is a health service center/health center in the community (OR = 0.882, p = 0.006).ConclusionThe incidence of hearing disabilities among older adults in China is high. The protective and risk factors that contribute to the incidence of disability should be fully considered in the care of older adults
Properties of dense molecular gas along the major axis of M 82
Dense gas is important for galaxy evolution and star formation.
Optically-thin dense-gas tracers, such as isotopologues of HCN, HCO+, etc., are
very helpful to diagnose excitation conditions of dense molecular gas. However,
previous studies of optically-thin dense-gas tracers were mostly focusing on
average properties of galaxies as a whole, due to limited sensitivity and
angular resolution. M82, a nearby prototype starburst galaxy, offers a unique
case for spatially-resolved studies with single-dish telescopes. With the IRAM
30-m telescope, we observed the J = 1 - 0 transition of H13CN, HC15N, H13CO+,
HN13C, H15NC, and SiO J = 2 - 1, HC3N J= 10 - 9, H2CO J = 2 - 1 toward five
positions along the major axis of M82. The intensity ratios of I(HCN)/I(H13CN)
and I(HCO+)/I(H13CO+) show a significant spatial variation along the major
axis, with lower values in the central region than those on the disk,
indicating higher optical depths in the central region. The optical depths of
HCO+ lines are found to be systematically higher than those of HCN lines at all
positions. Futhermore, we find that the 14N/15N ratios have an increasing
gradient from the center to the outer disk.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures, publication in Ap
Pathogenic mutations in retinitis pigmentosa 2 predominantly result in loss of RP2 protein stability in humans and zebrafish
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