Gasification and Co-gasification Low-rank Coal with Biomass

Recently, there has been significant research interest in cogasification of coaland various types of biomass blends to improve biomass gasification and syngasproduction. In addition, ash present in biomass catalyses the gasification of coal. This experiment was conducted on the cogasification of various types of coal and biomass using drop tube gasifier under two sets temperatures 1173 and 1273K respectively. Most of the reactions are considered as endothermic, the heat input is needed to conduct the reactions. The additions of biomass to NL coal during co-gasification give no effect on gasification, since the reaction is endothermic. The increasing temperature from 1173 to 1273K only give small increase in the yield gas and efficiency due to the short of residence tim

Potential Development of Liquid Smoke From Oil Palm Solid Waste as Biofungicides

This research investigated the potential utilization of solid waste from palm oil industry for liquid smoke production in Aceh Province, Indonesia. The liquid smoke can be applied as bio fungicides in agricultural field. Preliminary experiment on the use of liquid smoke as fungicide at Colletotrichum capsisi fungus which causes anthracnose disease on red pepper was also conducted. The survey on the existing potential/availability of palm oil mill in Aceh shows that there are 30 palm oil mills in eight districts with a total of production capacity 1020 ton/hour. Assuming that 10% of palm oil kernel shells are pyrolized into liquid smoke, Aceh province could produce about 23,868 ton of liquid smoke per year. The preliminary test result towards Colletotrichum capsisi fungus shows that the liquid smoke can be used as fungicides