Lipid profile among controlled and uncontrolled type-2 diabetic patients in a rural tertiary care center: a comparative study

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the major health problem and endemic with rapidly increasing prevalence in both developed and developing countries. It has strong association with dyslipidaemias in relation to glycaemic control and duration of the disease. Dyslipidaemias make diabetic patients more susceptible to coronary artery disease (CAD) which is the major cause of increased mortality and morbidity. Objectives were to estimate the blood glucose levels and lipid profiles among diabetics and to compare the lipid profiles among controlled and uncontrolled diabetic subjects.Methods: A cross sectional study was done including 100 diabetic subjects aged between 40 to 60 years of either sex. Patients were classified into 2 groups with 50 subjects in each group as per their glycemic index. Group 1 was controlled diabetic patients (HbA1c≤7.5%) and Group 2 was uncontrolled diabetic patients (HbA1c>7.5%). Venous blood samples were collected from the subjects. The serum was used for analyzing FBS, PPBS, HbA1c and lipid profiles.Results: FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL were more in females than male patients but the mean values were not significant statistically except FBS and total cholesterol. All the lipid parameters were elevated among uncontrolled diabetic patients compared to controlled diabetic patients which was statistically significant.Conclusions: Present study concluded that the blood glucose levels and lipid parameters were elevated among uncontrolled diabetics compared to controlled diabetics strongly depicting the co-relation between the glycemic levels and lipid abnormalities. Patients should be educated to monitor regularly and control blood glucose and lipid levels

Soret and Dufour Effects on Hydro Magnetic Heat and Mass Transfer over a Vertical Plate with a Convective Surface Boundary Condition and Chemical Reaction

This paper examined the hydro magnetic boundary layer flow with heat and mass transfer over a vertical plate in the presence of magnetic field with Soret and Dufour effects, chemical reaction and a convective heat exchange at the surface with the surrounding has been studied. The similarity solution is used to transform the system of partial differential equations and an efficient numerical technique is implemented to solve the reduced system by using the Runge-Kutta fourth order method with shooting technique. A comparison study with the previous results shows a very good agreement. The results are presented graphically and the conclusion is drawn that the flow field and other quantities of physical interest are significantly influenced by these parameters

Research Performance of Engineering Colleges in Karnataka as reflected in the Scopus Database

This paper intends to assess the growth of research publications and citations of engineering colleges affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU), Belagavi based on Scopus database. It is attempted to analyze parameters like the growth of research output among rural and city colleges i.e. geographical distribution of publications, pattern of research communication, share of national and international collaboration across Karnataka and high productivity institutions and top highly published journals and cited papers

Induction of somatic embryogenesis in different varieties of sugarcane (Saccharam officinarum L.)

This investigation for the first time highlights TDZ induced callus formation, somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration using leaf explants of different varieties (Co94032,CoC671, Co86032, SNK754, SNK61 and SNK44) of sugarcane (Saccharam officinarum). Leaf explants cultured on the full strength inorganic salts Murashige and Skoog (1962) basal medium supplemented with 4.52 μM 2, 4-D and 4.54 μM TDZ induced embryogenic tissue after 3-4 weeks. The percentage of somatic embryogenesis was not similar in all the tested varieties of sugarcane. This study indicates a high embryogenic potential of leaf explants of tested sugarcane varieties, and also opened up the possibility for large-scale clonal propagation of sugarcane for the genetic improvement programmes

Tumor lysis syndrome – An overview and current perspective

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncological emergency where in spontaneous or treatment-induced cell death leads to a constellation of metabolic abnormalities that can result in potentially life threatening complications. It is characterized by hyperkalemia, hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia. Etiopathogenesis is related to spontaneous cell death of rapidly growing tumor or more commonly to administration of cytotoxic chemotherapy in patients with hematologic malignancies and less so with solid malignancies. The precise incidence of TLS is not known, and neither racial nor gender predilection exists. Approximately 18% of the patients who develop TLS die of its complications [1]. The cornerstone of the management of TLS includes knowledge of its causes, recognition of high-risk patients, vigilant monitoring and prompt initiation of appropriate preventive and therapeutic measures when indicated

A study of modifiable risk factors for acute lower respiratory tract infections among under five children in a tertiary care hospital in Gulbarga, Karnataka

Background: Acute respiratory infection includes any infection of the upper or lower respiratory system, as defined by the InternationalClassification of Diseases. Acute respiratory infection is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in under-five children in developingcountries. Objective: This study was undertaken to identify various modifiable risk factors for acute lower respiratory tract infections(ALRI) in children aged from2 months to 5 years. Methodology: This hospital-based case–control study was conducted at Basaveshwarand Sangameshwar general hospital, Gulbarga over 1½. year 200 ALRI cases fulfilling WHO criteria for pneumonia, in the age group of2 months to 5 years were interrogated for potentially modifiable risk factors as per a predesigned preformed. 200 healthy control childrenin the same age group were also interrogated. Results: The significant socio-demographic risk factors were incomplete immunizationfor age, low parental education, low socioeconomic status, and overcrowding (p<0.05 in all). Significant nutritional risk factors includemalnutrition, anemia, and rickets (p<0.05 in all). Significant environmental risk factors were parental smoking, use of biomass fuel,and mud/cow dung flooring (p<0.05 in all). Using multiple logistic regression analysis, the factors which were found to be significantlyassociated were younger age (p=0.000), anemia (p=0.000), incomplete immunization for age (p=0.002), malnutrition (p=0.00), lowliteracy level of father (p=0.000), and overcrowding (p=0.000). Conclusion: This study has identified various socio-demographic,nutritional, and environmental modifiable risk factors for ALRI which can be tackled by effective education of the community andappropriate initiatives taken by the government