Salaklar Derneği, Sözen'i yılın adamı seçti

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 207-Nurettin-Gürol-Metin SözenUnutma İstanbul projesi İstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı'nın 2016 yılı "Yenilikçi ve Yaratıcı İstanbul Mali Destek Programı" kapsamında desteklenmiştir. Proje No: TR10/16/YNY/010

Temporal evolution of the cooperators density towards its stationary state for different values of <i>b</i> and different punishment intensity <i>p</i>.

<p>SUP leads to the most effective effect and SLP is better than SEP. With the increase of <i>b</i>, the punishment is more efficient. Employed parameter value was: <i>L</i> = 100.</p

Fraction of cooperation in dependence on and .

<p>When <i>p</i> is moderate, keeps in a high level. Moreover, with the increase of <i>b</i>, the average fraction of cooperation grows. When <i>p</i> is too high or too low, cooperation is gradually extinct. Employed parameter value was: <i>L</i> = 100.</p

Temporal evolution of the cooperators density towards its stationary state for messy values of punishment intensity <i>p</i> in different values of temptation <i>b</i>.

<p> with low <i>p</i> is always higher than with higher <i>p</i>. Employed parameter value was: <i>L</i> = 100.</p

The average payoff with different values of <i>b</i> and <i>p</i>.

<p>Owing to the application of punishment, the average payoff rises significantly with the increase of <i>b</i>. Furthermore, the average payoff with SLP is always higher than that with SEP. Employed parameter value was: <i>L</i> = 100.</p

Payoff of cooperators and defectors in dependence on <i>b</i> and <i>p</i>.

<p>Cooperators are represented by blue, while defectors are indicated by red. Owing to the application of punishment and public benefit fund, average payoff of cooperators is higher than that of defectors. What's more, when applying SLP, even with the same value of <i>b</i>, the payoff is respectively higher than that applied with SEP. Meanwhile, with the increase of <i>b</i>, the payoff also rises significantly. Employed parameter value was: <i>L</i> = 100.</p

Public benefit fund collected by the rank of payoffs.

<p>Public benefit fund collected by the rank of payoffs.</p

Rovibronic Spectroscopy of Sympathetically Cooled ⁴⁰CaH⁺

We measure the rovibronic transitions <i>X</i> ¹Σ⁺, <i>v</i>″ = 0, <i>J</i>″ → <i>A</i> ¹Σ⁺, <i>v</i>′ = 0–3, <i>J</i>′ of CaH⁺ and obtain rotational constants for the <i>A</i> ¹Σ⁺ state. The spectrum is obtained using two-photon photodissociation of CaH⁺ cotrapped with Doppler cooled Ca⁺. The excitation is driven by a mode-locked, frequency-doubled Ti:Sapph laser, which is then pulse shaped to narrow the spectral bandwidth. The measured values of the rotational constants are in agreement with <i>ab initio</i> theory

MiRNA-181a Regulates Adipogenesis by Targeting Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) in the Porcine Model

<div><p>Adipogenesis is tightly regulated by altering gene expression, and TNF-α is a multifunctional cytokine that plays an important role in regulating lipogenesis. MicroRNAs are strong post-transcriptional regulators of cell differentiation. In our previous work, we found high expression of <i>miR-181a</i> in a fat-rich pig breed. Using bioinformatic analysis, <i>miR-181a</i> was identified as a potential regulator of TNF-α. Here, we validated TNF-α as the target of <i>miR-181a</i> by a dual luciferase assay. In response to adipogenesis, a mimic or inhibitor was used to overexpress or reduce <i>miR-181a</i> expression in porcine pre-adipocytes, which were then induced into mature adipocytes. Overexpression of <i>miR-181a</i> accelerated accumulation of lipid droplets, increased the amount of triglycerides, and repressed TNF-α protein expression, while the inhibitor had the opposite effect. At the same time, TNF-alpha rescued the increased lipogenesis by miR181a mimics. Additionally, <i>miR-181a</i> suppression decreased the expression of fatty synthesis associated genes <i>PDE3B</i> (phosphodiesterase 3B), LPL (lipoprotein lipase), <i>PPARγ</i> (proliferator-activated receptor-γ), <i>GLUT1</i>(glucose transporter), <i>GLUT4</i>, <i>adiponectin</i> and <i>FASN</i> (fatty acid synthase), as well as key lipolytic genes HSL (hormone-sensitive lipase) and <i>ATGL</i> (adipose triglyceride lipase) as revealed by quantitative real-time PCR. Our study provides the first evidence of the role of <i>miR-181a</i> in adipocyte differentiation by regulation of TNF-α, which may became a new therapeutic target for anti-obesity drugs.</p> </div

Changes in <i>miR-181a</i> levels modulate adipocyte differentiation.

<p>After transfection of protected <i>miR-181a</i> mimic or inhibitor, pre-adipocytes were stimulated to differentiate, taking TNF-α siRNA, TNF-α inhibitor and TNF-α as the reference or cotransfected controls. After 8 days, cells were harvested for analysis. (A) Formation of lipid droplets in the cells that transfected with miR-181a mimics and inhibitor were observed by staining with Oil Red O. (B) Formation of lipid droplets in the cells that treated with TNF-α siRNA, TNF-α inhibitor and TNF-α were observed as miR-181a treatment. (C) Formation of lipid droplets in the cells that contransfection with TNF-α were observed as miR-181a mimics treatment. (D) TNF-α protein abundance 8 days post-induction was assessed by Western blot analysis and quantified using gray scale scanning. (E,F) The degrees of differentiation in concorresponding to <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0071568#pone-0071568-g005" target="_blank">Figure 5B,5C</a> treatment, respectively, were also determined by measuring the TG level, represented as the means SD, and each sample was assayed in triplicate (*<i>P</i> < 0.05, **<i>P</i> < 0.01, n=8).</p