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A new epimer of ocotillol from stems and leaves of American ginseng

<div><p>A new minor C-3 epimer of ocotillol, named 3α-ocotillol (<b>1</b>), was isolated along with ocotillol (<b>2</b>) from the stems and leaves of American ginseng for the first time. The structure of the new sapogenin was elucidated as (20<i>S</i>, 24<i>R</i>)-dammar-20,24-epoxy-3α,6α,12β,25-tetraol by the combination analysis of NMR and mass spectrometry. The complete signal assignments of the two compounds were carried out by means of 2D NMR spectral analysis.</p></div

FPC4 binds to the remnant MtQ complex of isolated flagella.

<p>(A) Co-labelling of myc-tagged proteins (green) and tubulin (red) on isolated flagella from WT cells (a), and cells over-expressing myc-FPC4 (b) or myc-FPC4-ΔB1BD (c). White arrowheads are pointing to the zoom areas. Scale bars 5 μm. (B) Immuno-gold labelling of myc-FPC4-ΔB1BD (anti-myc, 10 nm gold beads) and tubulin (15 nm gold beads) on isolated flagella. In the zoom image (b), the arrows highlight the MtQ decorated with anti-tubulin and anti-myc labelling that appears close to the MtQ. In the zoom image (c), the black arrowheads highlight the FPC structure decorated by the anti-myc antibody. All the experiments were performed more than three independent times.</p