Investigation of computed tomography findings of portal hypertension at non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

AbstractBackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is very common and serious disease. It begins as a simple hepatosteatosis but can progress to cirrhosis. The early detection of portal hypertension (HT) can be helpful in the management of these patients.AimsTo evaluate radiologic findings of portal hypertension at computed tomography (CT) of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease for early diagnosis.Methods and materialsImages of 225 cases who underwent non-enhanced abdominal CT were reviewed. The patients with the difference between hepatic and splenic attenuation (CT L-S)>10 were enrolled in hepatosteatosis group. The remainings formed control group. The relationship between two groups about diameters of portal and splenic veins, craniocaudal (CC) span of liver, splenic index, caudate lobe/right lobe (C/RL) ratio was analyzed statistically by Mann–Whitney U Test and Student’s t-test.ResultsTotal 213 cases, as hepatosteatosis (n=149) and control (n=64) groups, were involved in this study. Liver CC span, splenic index and C/RL ratio between two groups were found to be statistically significant (p<0.01).ConclusionsThe splenic index and C/RL ratio are important findings of portal HT and fibrosis. CT imaging can be beneficial for diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD patients

A Different Perspective on Evaluating the Malignancy Rate of the Non-Diagnostic Category of the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: A Single Institute Experience and Review of the Literature

<div><p>Objective</p><p>To determine the malignancy rate in the non-diagnostic (ND) category of the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC) based on a different approach in relation to histopathology diagnoses.</p><p>Study Design</p><p>All ND fine needle aspirations (FNAs) that were performed under ultrasound guidance by an interventional radiologist with rapid on-site evaluation were included in the study. Slides were reevaluated to identify the cause of inadequacy as “qualitative” or “quantitative.” The malignancy rate of the ND category was assessed. Nodule/patient characteristics were compared between benign and malignant cases within the study cohort.</p><p>Results</p><p>The study cohort consisted of 192 ND aspirations. Overall there were 156 (81.3%) women and 36 (18.7%) men with a mean age of 50.6 years (range 24–82 years). The malignancy rate was 4.7%. None of the nodules (size, consistency, and number) or patient characteristics (gender and age) were found to be predictive of malignancy.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>The malignancy rate of the ND category was high when compared to BSRTC predictions, but at the low end of the reported malignancy rates in the literature. Our results revealed that cyto-histopathologic correlation and method of malignancy rate estimation could have an effect on a wide range of reported malignancy rates. Furthermore, patient/nodule dependent factors were not statistically found to be predictive of malignancy.</p></div

Comparison of a 4-Day versus 2-Day Low Fiber Diet Regimen in Barium Tagging CT Colonography in Incomplete Colonoscopy Patients

Our aim was to compare the amount of residual feces, residual fluid, the tagging quality, and patient compliance using 4-day versus 2-day low fiber diet regimen in barium tagging CT colonography in incomplete colonoscopy patients. Methods. A total of 101 patients who underwent CT colonography were assigned to 2-day diet group (n = 56) and 4-day diet group (n = 45). Fecal tagging was achieved with barium sulphate while bisacodyl and sennoside B were used for bowel preparation. Residual solid stool was divided into two groups measuring = 6 mm. We graded the residual fluid, tagging quality for solid stool, and fluid per bowel segment. We performed a questionnaire to assess patient compliance. Results. 604 bowel segments were evaluated. There was no significant difference between 2-day and 4-day diet groups with respect to residual solid stool, residual fluid, tagging quality for stool, and fluid observed in fecal tag CT colonography (P > 0.05). The prevalence of moderate discomfort was significantly higher in 4-day group (P < 0.001). Conclusion. Our study shows that 2-day limited bowel preparation regimen for fecal tag CT colonography is a safe and reasonable technique to evaluate the entire colon, particularly in incomplete conventional colonoscopy patients

Patient and nodule characteristics of malignant cases.

<p>Patient and nodule characteristics of malignant cases.</p

Non-diagnostic and malignancy rates for thyroid FNA in the literature.

<p>Non-diagnostic and malignancy rates for thyroid FNA in the literature.</p

Distribution of histopathologic diagnoses.

<p>Distribution of histopathologic diagnoses.</p