Fatty acid, tocopherol, mineral composition, total phenolic, flavonoid and thymoquinone content, and antioxidant potential of Nigella stellaris

In the present study, the fatty acid composition of the fixed oil from seeds of Nigella stellaris has been investigated by GC-MS. Linoleic and oleic acids were the major fatty acids. The tocopherols determined by HPLC and α- and δ-tocopherols were detected in the oil. The seeds also were analyzed by ICP-MS to determine mineral content. Ca, P, and K were main elements among seventeen minerals in the seeds. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the aqueous methanolic extracts of different plant parts were assessed by Folin-Ciocalteu method and the AlCl3 assay. The seed extract was also analyzed by RP-HPLC analysis for its thymoquinone content. The present study showed that the seed extract contained low amount of thymoquinone. The seed extract exhibited the significantly higher total phenolic and flavonoid content than the extract of aerial part. DPPH radical scavenging activity was used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the extracts. Both of the extracts showed high antioxidant activity

Phytochemical composition and antifeedant activity of five Vincetoxicum taxa against Spodoptera littoralis and Leptinotarsa decemlineata

Five Vincetoxicum taxa (V. canescens subsp. canescens, V. canescens subsp. pedunculata, V. fuscatum subsp. fuscatum, V. fuscatum subsp. boissieri and V. parviflorum) were investigated for insect antifeedant activity against Spodoptera littoralis and Leptinotarsa decemlineata. At a dose of 500 ?g/cm2, 12 extracts were 100 % feeding deterrent, while 6 extracts showed 86.399.3 % antifeedant activity. The effective doses (ED50) of the total ethanol extract from V. canescens subsp. pedunculata and of the methanol: dichloromethane (1:1) extract from V. parviflorum were 12, and 18 µg/cm2, respectively, against S. littoralis, and that of the total ethanol extract from V. fuscatum subsp. fuscatum was 25 µg/cm2 against L. decemlineata. The dichloromethane extracts of V. parviflorum and V. canescens subsp. pedunculata inhibited the growth of S. littoralis with ED50 values of 0.08 and 0.09 mg/g, respectively, and their LD50 values for larval mortality were 1.07 and 1.03 mg/g, respectively. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of cardiotonic glycosides, sugars, flavonoids and alkaloids in all investigated taxa. In the dichloromethane and methanol:dichloromethane (1:1) extracts, phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids were detected by LC/MS/MS

A comparison of diosgenin, phenolics, fatty acid profiles and mineral contents with free radical scavenging activity of trigonella L. Species from section cylindricae

In this study, the fatty acids composition, the total flavonoids, phenolics, and mineral contents of Trigonella species belonging to Cylindricae Section (T. spruneriana, T. sibthorpii, T. kotschyi, T. mesopotamica, T. cylindricae, T. cilicica, T. filipes, T. velutina, T. strangulata and T. smyrnea) were determined. Diosgenin content in seeds and aerial parts of these species was investigated by RP-HPLC. Furthermore, the phytochemical profiles and radical scavenging activities of the plants were evaluated. The oils contained high proportions of ?linolenic (29.7-42.1 %) and linoleic acids (26.6-40.3 %). All the seed extracts had higher concentrations of total flavonoids and phenolics than those of aerial parts. T. strangulata and T. spruneriana seeds showed the highest total phenolics (201.35±0.51 and 191.90±0.86 mg GAE/g, respectively) and flavonoids contents (121.84±0.05 and 128.04±0.09 mg RE/g, respectively). For the DPPH radical scavenging assay, the extracts of four species of Trigonella showed moderate radical scavenging activity. The seeds contained high concentrations of potassium, calcium and phosphorus while the aerial parts were rich in calcium and potassium. Phytochemical screening tests showed that saponins, flavonoids, coumarins and fixed oils were main secondary metabolites. The highest diosgenin level was detected in T. cilicica seed and aerial part extracts (0.52±0.013 and 0.16±0.005 mg/g, respectively)In this study, the fatty acids composition, the total flavonoids, phenolics, and mineral contents of Trigonella species belonging to Cylindricae Section (T. spruneriana, T. sibthorpii, T. kotschyi, T. mesopotamica, T. cylindricae, T. cilicica, T. filipes, T. velutina, T. strangulata and T. smyrnea) were determined. Diosgenin content in seeds and aerial parts of these species was investigated by RP-HPLC. Furthermore, the phytochemical profiles and radical scavenging activities of the plants were evaluated. The oils contained high proportions of ?linolenic (29.7-42.1 %) and linoleic acids (26.6-40.3 %). All the seed extracts had higher concentrations of total flavonoids and phenolics than those of aerial parts. T. strangulata and T. spruneriana seeds showed the highest total phenolics (201.35±0.51 and 191.90±0.86 mg GAE/g, respectively) and flavonoids contents (121.84±0.05 and 128.04±0.09 mg RE/g, respectively). For the DPPH radical scavenging assay, the extracts of four species of Trigonella showed moderate radical scavenging activity. The seeds contained high concentrations of potassium, calcium and phosphorus while the aerial parts were rich in calcium and potassium. Phytochemical screening tests showed that saponins, flavonoids, coumarins and fixed oils were main secondary metabolites. The highest diosgenin level was detected in T. cilicica seed and aerial part extracts (0.52±0.013 and 0.16±0.005 mg/g, respectively

Trigonella monspeliaca’nın mineral kompozisyonu, total fenol ve flavonoit miktarı, antioksidan etki potansiyeli

Trigonella monspeliaca tohumları ve topraküstü kısmı mineral bileşimi açısından ICP-MS ile incelendi. Tohumda başlıca mineraller K, P, Ca ve Mg olarak saptandı.Toprak üstü kısımda ana mineraller ise Ca, K ve P olarak belirlendi. Bitknin sulu metanollü ekstrelerinin total fenol ve flavonoit miktarı sırasıyla Folin-Ciocalteu ve AlCl3 yöntemleri ile ölçüldü. Ekstrelerin antioksidan etki potansiyeli DPPH yöntemi kullanılarak serbest radikal süpürücü aktivite yönünden değerlendirildi. Çalışma toprak üstü kısmnını yüksek miktarda flavonoit içerirken tohum ekstresinin total fenol miktarının (150.80±0.33 mg GAE/g) belirgin biçimde yüksek olduğnu gösterdi. DPPH radikal süpürücü testte ekstrelerin % inhibisyonunun 51.6 - 78.0 arasında olduğu belirlendiThe seeds and aerial parts of Trigonella monspeliaca were analyzed by ICP-MS to determine mineral composition. K, P, Ca and Mg were main minerals in the seeds. Ca, K and P were the major elements in the aerial parts. Total phenol and flavonoid content of the aqueous methanol extracts of the plant was measured by Folin-Ciocalteu and the AlCl3 assay, respectively. Antioxidant potential of the extracts was evaluated by free radical scavenging activity using DPPH assay. The present study showed that the seed extract contained significantly higher amount of total phenolics (150.80±0.33 mg GAE/g) while aerial parts had high amount of total flavonoids. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, inhibition % of the extracts was found to be 51.6-78.