Shakespeare's psycho-pathological knowledge as manifested in Hamlet

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University, 1949. This item was digitized by the Internet Archive

Multiple veterinary stakeholders' perspectives on important professionalism attributes for career success in veterinary clinical practice : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary Science at Massey University, Manawatū, New Zealand

There is an increasing body of literature on professionalism in the health sciences. Most research has, however, elicited the opinions of single groups of experts and tried to use these to generalise across the profession. The aim of the thesis was, therefore, to gain a broad understanding of professionalism by appraising the voices of many tiers of veterinary stakeholders involved in veterinary clinical practice. Through a mixed methods approach using card-sort analysis, online questionnaires, focus groups, critical incident reporting and analysis of client complaints, information was collected from first year and final year Massey University veterinary students, clinical veterinary practitioners and veterinary clients. An online questionnaire was also used to gather the final year veterinary students’ opinions on veterinary professionalism pedagogy. The iterative sampling method ensured that a wide range of perceptions were represented. These multiple perspectives, along with the existing knowledge contained within the literature on veterinary and medical professionalism, provide the basis upon which to develop a theoretical framework on professionalism in the veterinary context. The synthesis of data into a framework was undertaken primarily through a grounded theory approach. The research also provides support for the importance of including professionalism in veterinary curricula. Three overarching themes emerged from the analysis of the veterinary stakeholders’ opinions, namely: ‘committing to best practice’, ‘building the veterinarian-client relationship’ and ‘client expectations’. The framework of veterinary professionalism that has evolved from scrutiny of these themes revolves around the principles of ‘veterinary care’. Career success and satisfaction for practising clinical veterinarians hinges on three crucial domains of veterinary care: ‘patient-centred care’, ‘relationship-centred care’, and ‘self-care’. The focus of patient-centred care is the animal, while the foci of relationship-centred care are the client and veterinary colleagues. The self-care domain focuses on the practising veterinarian as a person. Professionalism, therefore, fundamentally revolves around veterinarians’ accountability to a social contract with patients, clients and colleagues as well as to themselves. Analysis of veterinary student opinions on the teaching of professionalism revealed constructive viewpoints and recommendations. Students recommended that the veterinary professionalism course be embedded across the whole primary veterinary teaching programme, including in the early years of study. It was further suggested that role-playing and reflective practice should be used throughout the programme to support the development of professionalism. The need to assess professionalism adequately and appropriately was also highlighted, as was the need to include rewards for displays of good professional behaviour. The potential for the hidden curriculum and negative clinical role models to undermine the teaching of professionalism was also addressed. Additionally, students recommended that the veterinary professionalism curriculum should prepare graduates for the job market by accommodating the requirements of veterinary employers. This research represents the first time that the opinions of multiple veterinary stakeholders on the attributes of professionalism important for career success have been solicited in one series of research studies. Furthermore, this study has used novel methodologies to determine the opinions of stakeholders. For the first time, a card-sort analysis has been used to solicit veterinary students’ opinions and the critical incident technique has been used to determine the perspectives of practising veterinarians. Analysing client complaints lodged with the Veterinary Council of New Zealand also represents an original method of determining those attributes of professionalism that will promote veterinary career success and satisfaction. By seeking the perspectives of multiple veterinary stakeholders, the body of knowledge about professionalism has been extended. Furthermore, the neoteric framework of veterinary professionalism, developed in the study, could help to form the basis for constructing a robust curriculum prescribing the teaching and assessment of veterinary professionalism. It may also be used by veterinarians as a guide in the practice of veterinary medicine and in their relationships with patients, clients, colleagues and society

EEG Biofeedback for Memory

The brain has an ordered structure of functional connections within brain networks, but this order becomes disrupted in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The default mode network (DMN) and its central hub, the Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC) are particularly affected. Disruption to the functional relationships results in AD memory symptoms. Electroencephalography (EEG) biofeedback analyses a subject’s EEG, and displays an aspect of that signal back to them. That subject can then take control over that aspect of their EEG signal. Biofeedback can be used to alter the functional relationships in brain networks and could restore the abnormal functional connectivity relationships seen in AD, and in doing so improve memory symptoms. The aim of this thesis is to examine whether source-localised EEG biofeedback of the PCC could alter functional connectivity in the earliest stages of AD and improve memory outcomes. First, a pilot study in 10 people with amnestic type Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) was conducted. The protocol was designed to up-train the power of theta and alpha, source localised to the PCC (broadband feedback). Participants completed 15 sessions of 40 minutes of biofeedback training. Their memory was assessed using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), which has two forms (A and B). Participants were tested using form A prior to training, and form B after training to reduce repeated testing effects. There was a significant improvement in both the RBANS Immediate Memory index (mean improvement 12.4 points, p=0.011) and the Delayed Memory index (mean improvement 7.0 points, p=0.016). Following on from the pilot study, a three armed randomised controlled trial was designed to: 1) Assess alpha band only source localised feedback (narrowband) against broadband feedback 2) Assess both biofeedback paradigms against a placebo control 3) Test biofeedback training in a more general population of adults with memory deficits Volunteers were screened using the RBANS. Those who scored below 90 on the immediate memory index were randomised to receive 15 sessions of either broadband feedback, narrowband feedback or placebo feedback. Memory was assessed using the RBANS. 53 people completed all 15 sessions of biofeedback training and were included in the analysis. No effect on memory was found (Randomisation*Time interaction = 1.162, p=0.388). A significant increase in the power of the alpha band in the narrowband feedback group was identified (β=0.0323, p=0.003), indicating that the training had an effect on the targeted frequency in this group; however no change in the targeted frequency in the broadband feedback group was detected. No significant impact on DMN connectivity was found. A significant difference was found in the difficulty of tasks in the RBANS immediate memory index, form A was more difficult than form B. This particular kind of source localised biofeedback training does not appear to be effective at improving memory outcomes in the short term. In addition, a significant form effect was discovered for the RBANS, which entirely explained the result of the pilot study. Future studies of biofeedback should use a counterbalanced design when using alternate forms of neuropsychological tests

Detection of OH absorption against PSR B1849+00

We have searched for OH absorption against seven pulsars using the Arecibo telescope. In both OH mainlines (at 1665 and 1667 MHz), deep and narrow absorption features were detected toward PSR B1849+00. In addition, we have detected several absorption and emission features against B33.6+0.1, a nearby supernova remnant (SNR). The most interesting result of this study is that a pencil-sharp absorption sample against the PSR differs greatly from the large-angle absorption sample observed against the SNR. If both the PSR and the SNR probe the same molecular cloud then this finding has important implications for absorption studies of the molecular medium, as it shows that the statistics of absorbing OH depends on the size of the background source. We also show that the OH absorption against the PSR most likely originates from a small (<30 arcsec) and dense (>10^5 cm^-3) molecular clump.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap

Gatehouse Family 1856-57 Index: Royal Society Collection

Pittwater Church of England 1857. Deed of trust of land on Nonsuch Farm conveyed by Alfred James Gatehouse to himself and Robert Blyth and John Walker, as trustees for a chapel of the Church of England. Signed by A. J. Gatehouse, but not witnessed. Lease from George Henry Gatehouse of Grindstone Bay to Charles Allen Galt of Spring Bay, farmer, of Rosedale, a farm of 500 acres at £100 p.a.for ten years, 1856. RS 9

'It's a film' : medium specificity as textual gesture in Red road and The unloved

British cinema has long been intertwined with television. The buzzwords of the transition to digital media, 'convergence' and 'multi-platform delivery', have particular histories in the British context which can be grasped only through an understanding of the cultural, historical and institutional peculiarities of the British film and television industries. Central to this understanding must be two comparisons: first, the relative stability of television in the duopoly period (at its core, the licence-funded BBC) in contrast to the repeated boom and bust of the many different financial/industrial combinations which have comprised the film industry; and second, the cultural and historical connotations of 'film' and 'television'. All readers of this journal will be familiar – possibly over-familiar – with the notion that 'British cinema is alive and well and living on television'. At the end of the first decade of the twenty-first century, when 'the end of medium specificity' is much trumpeted, it might be useful to return to the historical imbrication of British film and television, to explore both the possibility that medium specificity may be more nationally specific than much contemporary theorisation suggests, and to consider some of the relationships between film and television manifest at a textual level in two recent films, Red Road (2006) and The Unloved (2009)

Constraints and possibilities: Lima Film Festival, politics and cultural formation in Peru

The Festival de Cine de Lima (Lima Film Festival) launched in 1997 and, from humble beginnings, each year now introduces around 300 films to diverse audiences across the Peruvian capital and beyond. In 2014, for the first time in its history, four of the nineteen films selected for the feature competition were made by Peruvian directors, signalling a growing recognition of national talent by programming panels and critics that had tended to look beyond national borders for inspiration and challenge. Despite the relative paucity of co-ordinated film production activity in Peru, it is argued here that the flourishing of Lima Film Festival provides evidence of a deep sense of film appreciation that conveys a commitment to all forms of cinema. This essay reflects critically on the local, national and international impact of this Festival, its influence on the development of film policy in Peru, and explores its role as a ‘key building block of film culture’ (Iordanova, 2013) across a complex national framework

Against the odds: Network and institutional pathways enabling agricultural diversification

Farming systems that support locally diverse agricultural production and high levels of biodiversity are in rapid decline, despite evidence of their benefits for climate, environmental health, and food security. Yet, agricultural policies, financial incentives, and market concentration increasingly constrain the viability of diversified farming systems. Here, we present a conceptual framework to identify novel processes that promote the emergence and sustainability of diversified farming systems, using three real-world examples where farming communities have found pathways to diversification despite major structural constraints. By applying our framework to analyze these bright spots in the United States, Brazil, and Malawi, we identify two distinct pathways—network and institutional—to diversification. These pathways emerge through alignment of factors related to social and ecological structure (policies, institutions, and environmental conditions) and agency (values, collective action, and management decisions). We find that, when network and institutional pathways operate in tandem, the potential to scale up diversification across farms and landscapes increases substantially