Bandas juveniles violentas en España

El presente artículo muestra el estudio cualitativo desarrollado por la Universidad de Extremadura como socio del Proyecto Europeo ITACA. La sociedad europea expresa preocupación e inquietud ante el fenómeno de la violencia y la delincuencia ejercida por menores y jóvenes adultos. En Europa no hay muchos estudios y datos cuantitativos que informen sobre las medidas y características de este fenómeno de las pandillas juveniles a nivel europeo, es por esto, que abrir la investigación a otros países da la posibilidad de visualizar un problema real que está extendido a diferentes niveles y realidades. La presencia de este fenómeno en territorio español, ha implicado un análisis del contexto nacional en cuanto a sus definiciones, origen, composición y características de los grupos juveniles en España, como punto de partida para su comprensión y tratamiento, y en la búsqueda de unas buenas prácticas de intervención para disminuir sus riesgos.This paper presents a qualitative study developed by the University of Extremadura as a member of the European Project: ITACA. European society expressed concern and fear of the phenomenon of violence and criminality exercised by minors and young adults. In Europe there are not many studies or quantitative data that report on measures and characteristics of the phenomenon of juvenile gangs at the European level, for this reason, open the investigation to other countries makes it possible to visualize a real problem that is spread different levels and realities. The presence of this phenomenon in Spanish territory, has involved an analysis of the national context in terms of its definition, origin, composition and characteristics of juvenile groups in Spain, as a starting point for understanding and treatment, and in the search for an intervention good practices to reduce their risks

Bandas juveniles violentas en España

El presente artículo muestra el estudio cualitativo desarrollado por la Universidad de Extremadura como socio del Proyecto Europeo ITACA. La sociedad europea expresa preocupación e inquietud ante el fenómeno de la violencia y la delincuencia ejercida por menores y jóvenes adultos. En Europa no hay muchos estudios y datos cuantitativos que informen sobre las medidas y características de este fenómeno de las pandillas juveniles a nivel europeo, es por esto, que abrir la investigación a otros países da la posibilidad de visualizar un problema real que está extendido a diferentes niveles y realidades. La presencia de este fenómeno en territorio español, ha implicado un análisis del contexto nacional en cuanto a sus definiciones, origen, composición y características de los grupos juveniles en España, como punto de partida para su comprensión y tratamiento, y en la búsqueda de unas buenas prácticas de intervención para disminuir sus riesgos.This paper presents a qualitative study developed by the University of Extremadura as a member of the European Project: ITACA. European society expressed concern and fear of the phenomenon of violence and criminality exercised by minors and young adults. In Europe there are not many studies or quantitative data that report on measures and characteristics of the phenomenon of juvenile gangs at the European level, for this reason, open the investigation to other countries makes it possible to visualize a real problem that is spread different levels and realities. The presence of this phenomenon in Spanish territory, has involved an analysis of the national context in terms of its definition, origin, composition and characteristics of juvenile groups in Spain, as a starting point for understanding and treatment, and in the search for an intervention good practices to reduce their risks

Customized massive parallel sequencing panel for diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a very infrequent disease, with a variable etiology and clinical expressivity, making sometimes the clinical diagnosis a challenge. Current classification based on clinical features does not reflect the underlying molecular profiling of these groups. The advance in massive parallel sequencing in PAH has allowed for the describing of several new causative and susceptibility genes related to PAH, improving overall patient diagnosis. In order to address the molecular diagnosis of patients with PAH we designed, validated, and routinely applied a custom panel including 21 genes. Three hundred patients from the National Spanish PAH Registry (REHAP) were included in the analysis. A custom script was developed to annotate and filter the variants. Variant classification was performed according to the ACMG guidelines. Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants have been found in 15% of the patients with 12% of variants of unknown significance (VUS). We have found variants in patients with connective tissue disease (CTD) and congenital heart disease (CHD). In addition, in a small proportion of patients (1.75%), we observed a possible digenic mode of inheritance. These results stand out the importance of the genetic testing of patients with associated forms of PAH (i.e., CHD and CTD) additionally to the classical IPAH and HPAH forms. Molecular confirmation of the clinical presumptive diagnosis is required in cases with a high clinical overlapping to carry out proper management and follow up of the individuals with the disease.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (España) | Ref. FISPI18/01233Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED481A-2018/30

Contemporary use of cefazolin for MSSA infective endocarditis: analysis of a national prospective cohort

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the real use of cefazolin for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infective endocarditis (IE) in the Spanish National Endocarditis Database (GAMES) and to compare it with antistaphylococcal penicillin (ASP). Methods: Prospective cohort study with retrospective analysis of a cohort of MSSA IE treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Outcomes assessed were relapse; intra-hospital, overall, and endocarditis-related mortality; and adverse events. Risk of renal toxicity with each treatment was evaluated separately. Results: We included 631 IE episodes caused by MSSA treated with cloxacillin and/or cefazolin. Antibiotic treatment was cloxacillin, cefazolin, or both in 537 (85%), 57 (9%), and 37 (6%) episodes, respectively. Patients treated with cefazolin had significantly higher rates of comorbidities (median Charlson Index 7, P <0.01) and previous renal failure (57.9%, P <0.01). Patients treated with cloxacillin presented higher rates of septic shock (25%, P = 0.033) and new-onset or worsening renal failure (47.3%, P = 0.024) with significantly higher rates of in-hospital mortality (38.5%, P = 0.017). One-year IE-related mortality and rate of relapses were similar between treatment groups. None of the treatments were identified as risk or protective factors. Conclusion: Our results suggest that cefazolin is a valuable option for the treatment of MSSA IE, without differences in 1-year mortality or relapses compared with cloxacillin, and might be considered equally effective