Editorial

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Innovation for sustainability

The transition to sustainable standards of production and consumption within a scenario of decreased availability of natural resources, growing population and climate change is essential to meet current challenges facing mankind. A strategy to meet these challenges should contain elements different from current approaches for industrial production. This work concentrates on the possibilities for the intensive use of sustainable biomass, abundant minerals and every type of residue, a task that can largely benefit from the application of nanotechnology and biotechnology platforms for material design and transformation. This strategy cannot be solely based on existing knowledge and requires new science, new knowledge including supposedly well-known themes, like the tribochemistry of electrostatic charging and friction. It is especially relevant within the Brazilian context, where many recent successful innovations are related to biomass production and transformation. Implementation of this strategy requires converging efforts by personnel from many different organizations and professions, while making sound risk assessment to produce significant innovation leading to sustainable development.16001604Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Inovação para a sustentabilidade

The transition to sustainable standards of production and consumption within a scenario of decreased availability of natural resources, growing population and climate change is essential to meet current challenges facing mankind. A strategy to meet these challenges should contain elements different from current approaches for industrial production. This work concentrates on the possibilities for the intensive use of sustainable biomass, abundant minerals and every type of residue, a task that can largely benefit from the application of nanotechnology and biotechnology platforms for material design and transformation. This strategy cannot be solely based on existing knowledge and requires new science, new knowledge including supposedly well-known themes, like the tribochemistry of electrostatic charging and friction. It is especially relevant within the Brazilian context, where many recent successful innovations are related to biomass production and transformation. Implementation of this strategy requires converging efforts by personnel from many different organizations and professions, while making sound risk assessment to produce significant innovation leading to sustainable development

Editorial: challenges, plans and action

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Processo De Fabricação De Adesivo Para Superficìes De Vidros, Cerâmicas, Alvenarias E Plásticos à Base De Látex De Borracha Natural Modificado Por Polifosfato

A presente invenção se refere a um processo de preparação de filmes adesivos a superfícies de vidro, cerâmicas, alvenarias e plásticos a partir de látex de borracha natural e polifosfato de sódio. Os processos atuais de fabricação de adesivos de borracha natural envolvem a utilização de solventes, reações químicas com variados monômeros como acrílico, estireno, butadieno entre outros, organometálicos, polimerização e enxertia com outros polímeros, o que resulta no encarecimento do produto final, além de contribuir para a degradação do meio ambiente. As principais superfícies de aplicação destes adesivos são: papel, concreto, couro, borrachas e plásticos. Esta invenção descreve o processo de fabricação de um adesivo à base de látex natural, em meio alcalino, com a adição de polifosfato, à temperatura ambiente e sob agitação. Este adesivo apresenta grande molhabilidade, alta adesão e poder de cobertura em superfícies de vidros, cerâmicas, alvenaria e plásticos. Além disso é um produto à base de água e é biodegradável, não sendo prejudicial ao meio ambiente.BR0102823C09J107/02C09J107/02BR20010102823C09J107/02C09J107/0

Research organization in Brazil: lessons from the past, proposals for the future

Chemical research in Brazil has grown significantly in the past 20 years, largely thanks to the Brazilian S&T Development Program of the federal government (PADCT). However, the newly achieved levels of highly qualified manpower and research infra-structure require new research organization frameworks to make science, technology and innovation really useful and meaningful for the citizens. The current requirements for creating viable networks of academic and industry researchers are presented and discussed as well as some structural and procedural bottlenecks that have to be eliminated, to achieve maximum high-quality science, technology and relevant innovation output.S52S5

PS-HEMA latex fractionation by sedimentation and colloidal crystallization

A poly(styrene-co-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) latex underwent sedimentation under gravity followed by an spontaneous and extensive colloidal crystallization. It was then fractionated in three visually distinguishable layers. Latex aliquots layers were sampled at different heigths and the particles were characterized by PCS, microelectrophoresis, infrared spectra and analytical electron microscopy. The major fraction was opalescent and contained the colloidal crystals settled in the bottom of the liquid. Two other latex fractions were obtained, which differed in their chemical compositions, particle sizes and topochemical features from the self-arraying particles. Macrocrystallization of the fractionated latex yielded high quality crystals with a low frequency of defects, which confirms that particle chemical homogeneity is an important factor for particle self-arraying.Látex de poli(estireno-co-hidroxiacrilato de metila) separa-se em três camadas visualmente distinguíveis, das quais a inferior é opalescente e contém cristais coloidais. Alíquotas do látex foram coletadas em diferentes alturas, e as partículas foram caracterizadas, por espalhamento de luz dinâmico, microeletroforese, IV e microscopia eletrônica analítica. A fração inferior contém a maior parte do polímero, sendo formada por partículas de dimensões e composição química uniformes. As partículas coletadas das duas outras frações são diferentes das que formam os cristais coloidais, em praticamente todos os aspectos. A secagem da fração opalescente produz macrocristais de alta qualidade, com baixa frequência de defeitos, mostrando que a homogeneidade química das partículas é um fator importante, na sua auto-organização.497504Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES