Hydrogels Based on Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives for Biomedical Applications

Chitosan (CS) is a polymer obtained from chitin, being this, after the cellulose, the most abundant polysaccharide. The fact of (i) CS being obtained from renewable sources; (ii) CS to possess capability for doing interactions with different moieties being such capability dependent of pH; (iii) plenty of possibilities for chemical modification of CS; and (iv) tuning the final properties of CS derivatives makes this polymer very interesting in academic and technological points of view. In this way, hydrogels based on CS and on CS derivatives have been widely used for biomedical applications. Other important technological applications can be also cited, such as adsorbent of metals and dyes in wastewater from industrial effluents. In pharmaceutical field, hydrogels based on CS are often used as drugs’ and proteins’ carrier formulations due to the inherent characteristics such as the biocompatibility, nontoxicity, hydrophilicity, etc. This chapter is an attempt for updating and joining the plenty of available information regarding the preparation, characterization, and biomedical application of hydrogels based on chitosan and chitosan derivatives. More than 260 references are provided, being the majority of them published in the last 10 years

Immunological studies and in vitro schistosomicide action of new imidazolidine derivatives

Submitted by Kamylla Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2018-09-13T12:01:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Immunological studies and in vitro schistosomicide action of new.pdf: 513006 bytes, checksum: 99dae120bb5aaddeedc985b1a17d2914 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Kamylla Nascimento ([email protected]) on 2018-09-13T12:27:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Immunological studies and in vitro schistosomicide action of new.pdf: 513006 bytes, checksum: 99dae120bb5aaddeedc985b1a17d2914 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-13T12:27:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Immunological studies and in vitro schistosomicide action of new.pdf: 513006 bytes, checksum: 99dae120bb5aaddeedc985b1a17d2914 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011Fundação Federal de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (FINEP), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Departamento de Antibióticos. Laboratório de Desenho e Síntese de Fármacos. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Departamento de Antibióticos. Laboratório de Desenho e Síntese de Fármacos. Recife, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Imunologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Imunologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Departamento de Antibióticos. Laboratório de Desenho e Síntese de Fármacos. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Departamento de Antibióticos. Laboratório de Desenho e Síntese de Fármacos. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami. Recife, PE, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Departamento de Medicina Tropical. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Departamento de Antibióticos. Laboratório de Desenho e Síntese de Fármacos. Recife, PE, Brasil.Schistosomiasis is a major public health problem with 207 million people infected and more than 779 million at risk. The drug of choice for treating schistosomiasis is praziquantel (PZQ); however, it is inefficient against immature forms of schistosomes. The aim of this study was to test new imidazolidine derivatives LPSF/PT09 and LPSF/PT10 against adult Schistosoma mansoni worms. IC50, cytotoxicity, immune response and cell viability assays were also available for these imidazolidines. Different concentrations of imidazolidine, from 32 to 320 ¼M, promoted motor abnormalities in breeding and unpaired worms, and death in 24 hours at higher concentrations. Although LPSF/PT09 and LPSF/PT10 did not affect IFN-³ and IL-10 production, they induced nitric oxide production and showed a similar behavior to praziquantel on cell death test. Thus, these new imidazolidine derivatives should undergo further study to develop schistosomiasis drugs

Uso de terapia biológica na doença de Crohn metastática: relato de caso e revisão da literatura Use of biological therapy in metastatic Crohn's disease: a case report and literature review

A doença de Crohn metastática envolve a infiltração cutânea granulomatosa em locais anatomicamente separados do trato gastrointestinal, com tendência à cronicidade. É relatado caso de paciente masculino, 20 anos, há seis meses com dor e eliminação de secreção purulenta de úlceras em região perianal, inguinal direita e genital, sem melhora com o uso metronidazol e ciprofloxacina. Antecedente de proctocolectomia em 2002. Ao exame, à inspeção, evidenciava-se orifício fistuloso posterior a 2,0 cm da borda anal, úlcera de 5,0 cm na base do escroto e outra úlcera circundando a base do pênis; ao toque, ânus fibrótico e encarcerado. Realizada fistulotomia, biópsia e curetagem das úlceras genital e inguinal. O resultado histopatológico evidenciou processo inflamatório granuloso não caseoso. Em virtude da falha terapêutica dos antimicrobianos, foi optado pelo tratamento com infliximabe na dose 5 mg/kg nas semanas 0, 2 e 6, e azatioprina 2 mg/kg/dia. Ao término da fase de indução, o paciente apresentava cicatrização parcial das lesões ulceradas, ausência de secreção e alívio da dor. Atualmente em acompanhamento ambulatorial com infusões de infliximabe a cada oito semanas.<br>The metastatic Crohn's disease involves granulomatous infiltration of skin in places anatomically separated from the gastrointestinal tract, with a tendency to chronicity. We report the case of male patient, 20 years old, complaining of pain and elimination of purulent secretion from ulcers in the perianal region, right inguinal and genital for six months, without improvement using metronidazole and ciprofloxacin. Previous proctocolectomy in 2002. On examination, the inspection revealed a fistulous orifice on posterior midline at 2.0 cm from the anal verge, an ulcer of 5.0 cm at the base of the scrotum and other ulcer encircling the base of the penis; on digital touch, anus fibrotic and incarcerated. Performed fistulotomy, biopsy and curettage of genital and inguinal ulcers. The histo-pathological study confirmed noncaseating granulomatous inflammatory process. Because of the failure of antimicrobial therapy, it was opted for treatment infliximab at the dose 5 mg/kg at weeks 0, 2 and 6, and azathioprine 2 mg/kg/day. In the end stage of induction, the patient had partial healing of ulcerated lesions, absence of secretion and pain relief. Currently in monitoring with outpatient infusions of infliximab every eight weeks