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Human Papillomavirus Awareness, Vaccine Status, and Risk Factors in Female Emergency Patients
Introduction: A vaccine targeting high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) strains can effectively prevent HPV-associated cervical cancer risk. However, many girls and women do not receive the vaccine, more often those impacted by health disparities associated with race and/or socioeconomic status. This same disparate population has also been shown to be at higher risk for cervical cancer. Many of these women also rely on the emergency department (ED) as a safety net for their healthcare. This study sought to gather information pertaining to HPV and cervical cancer risk factors, awareness of HPV and the vaccine, as well as HPV vaccine uptake in female patients presenting to an ED.Methods: We obtained 81 surveys completed by female ED patients. Demographics included age, race, income, insurance status, primary care provider status, and known cervical-cancer risk factors. Subsequent survey questions explored respondentsâ knowledge, familiarity, and attitudes regarding HPV, cervical cancer, and the HPV vaccine, including vaccination uptake rates. We analyzed data using descriptive statistics and Fisherâs exact test.Results: Approximately one in seven respondents (14.8%) had never previously heard of HPV and 32.1% were unaware of the existence of a HPV vaccine. Minority patients, including those who were Black and Hispanic patients, low income patients, and uninsured and publicly insured patients were less likely to be aware of HPV and the vaccine and likewise were less likely to be offered and receive the vaccine. More than 60% of all respondents (61.3%) had never previously been offered the vaccine, and only 24.7% of all respondents had completed the vaccine series.Conclusion: Female ED patients may represent an at-risk cohort with relatively low HPV awareness and low HPV vaccine uptake. The ED could represent a novel opportunity to access and engage high-risk HPV populations
Taxonomic voucher specimens for study of post-wildfire forest habitat in Douglas County, Oregon
this publication provides data about voucher specimens deposited in the museum in conjunction with a research project on pollinators
Taxonomic voucher specimens for study of bee communities in intensively managed Douglas-fir forests in the Oregon Coast Range
Understanding how pollinators respond to anthropogenic land use is key to conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services, but few studies have addressed this topic in coniferous forests, particularly those managed intensively for wood production. This study reports on voucher material generated as part of Zitomer et al. (2023), that assessed changes in wild bee communities with time since harvest in 60 intensively managed Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) stands in the Oregon Coast Range across a gradient in stand age spanning a typical harvest rotation (0-37 years post-harvest). We additionally assessed relationships of bee diversity and community composition to relevant habitat features, including availability of floral resources and nest sites, understory vegetation characteristics, and composition of the surrounding landscape. Specimens were collected using a combination of passive sampling methods-blue vane traps and white, blue, and yellow bowl traps- and hand-netting and were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level by A.R. Moldenke and L.R. Best. Four hundred and ten taxonomic voucher specimens were deposited into the Oregon State Arthropod Collection (Accession# OSAC_AC_2023_01_09-001-01) to serve as a reference for future research
Stratus 11 : Eleventh Setting of the Stratus Ocean Reference Station Cruise on board RV Moana Wave, March 31 - April 16, 2011, Arica - Arica, Chile
The Ocean Reference Station at 20°S, 85°W under the stratus clouds west of northern Chile is
being maintained to provide ongoing climate-quality records of surface meteorology, air-sea
fluxes of heat, freshwater, and momentum, and of upper ocean temperature, salinity, and velocity
variability. The Stratus Ocean Reference Station (ORS Stratus) is supported by the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrationâs (NOAA) Climate Observation Program. It is
recovered and redeployed annually, with past cruises that have come between October and
January. A NOAA vessel was not available, so this cruise was conducted on the chartered ship,
Moana Wave, belonging to Stabbert Maritime.
During the 2011 cruise on the Moana Wave to the ORS Stratus site, the primary activities were
the recovery of the subsurface part of the Stratus 10 WHOI surface mooring, deployment of a
new (Stratus 11) WHOI surface mooring, in-situ calibration of the buoy meteorological sensors
by comparison with instrumentation installed on the ship by staff of the NOAA Earth System
Research Laboratory (ESRL), and collection of underway and on station oceanographic data to
continue to characterize the upper ocean in the stratus region. The Stratus 10 mooring had parted,
and the surface buoy and upper part had been recovered earlier. Underway CTD (UCTD)
profiles were collected along the track and during surveys dedicated to investigating eddy
variability in the region. Surface drifters and subsurface floats were also launched along the
track.
The intent was also to visit a buoy for the Pacific tsunami warning system maintained by the
Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service of the Chilean Navy (SHOA). This DART (Deep-
Ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami) buoy had been deployed in December 2010.Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
under Grant No. NA0900AR432012
Stratus Ocean Reference Station (20ËS, 85ËW), mooring recovery and deployment cruise R/V Revelle cruise dana 03, November 10 - November 26, 2003
The Ocean Reference Station at 20°S, 85°W under the stratus clouds west of northern
Chile and Peru is being maintained to provide ongoing, climate-quality records of surface
meteorology, of air-sea fluxes of heat, freshwater, and momentum, and of upper ocean
temperature, salinity, and velocity variability. The Stratus Ocean Reference Station,
hereafter ORS Stratus, is supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administrations (NOAA) Climate Observation Program. It is recovered and redeployed
annually, with cruises that have come in October or November.
During the November 2003 cruise of Scripps Institution of Oceanography's R/V Roger
Revelle to the ORS Stratus site, the primary activities where the recovery of the WHOI
surface mooring that had been deployed in October 2002, the deployment of a new WHOI
surface mooring at that site, the in-situ calibration of the buoy meteorological sensors by
comparison with instrumentation put on board by Chris Fairall of the NOAA
Environmental Technology Laboratory (ETL), and observations of the stratus clouds and
lower atmosphere by NOAA ETL and Jason Tomlinson from Texas A&M.
The ORS Stratus buoys are equipped with two Improved Meteorological systems, which
provide surface wind speed and direction, air temperature, relative humidity, barometric
pressure, incoming shortwave radiation, incoming longwave radiation, precipitation rate,
and sea surface temperature. The IMET data are made available in near real time using
satellite telemetry. The mooring line carries instruments to measure ocean salinity,
temperature, and currents. On some deployments, additional instrumentation is attached to
the mooring to measure rainfall and bio-optical variability. The ETL instrumentation used
during the 2003 cruise included a cloud radar, radiosonde balloons, and sensors for mean
and turbulent surface meteorology.
In addition to this work, buoy work was done in support of the Ecuadorian Navy Institute
of Oceanography (INOCAR) and of the Chilean Navy Hydrographic and Oceanographic
Service (SHOA). The surface buoy, oceanographic instrumentation, and upper 500 m of
an INOCAR surface mooring at 2°S, 84°W that had been vandalized were recovered and
transferred to the Ecuadorian Navy vessel B. A. E. Calicuchima. A tsunami warning
mooring was installed at 75°W, 20°S for SHOA. SHOA personnel onboard were trained
during the cruise by staff from the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
(PMEL) and National Data Buoy Center (NDBC). The cruise hosted two teachers
participating in NOAA's Teacher at Sea Program, Deb Brice from San Marcos, California
and Viviana Zamorano from Arica, Chile.Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration uncer Contract Number NA17RJ1223
Stratus 12 : twelfth setting of the Stratus Ocean Reference Station
The Ocean Reference Station at 20°S, 85°W under the stratus clouds west of northern Chile is
being maintained to provide ongoing climate-quality records of surface meteorology, air-sea
fluxes of heat, freshwater, and momentum, and of upper ocean temperature, salinity, and velocity
variability. The Stratus Ocean Reference Station (ORS Stratus) is supported by the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrationâs (NOAA) Climate Observation Program. It is
recovered and redeployed annually. A NOAA vessel was not available, so this cruise was
conducted on the Melville, operated by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
During the 2012 cruise on the Melville to the ORS Stratus site, the primary activities were the
deployment of the Stratus 12 WHOI surface mooring, recovery of the previous (Stratus 11)
WHOI surface mooring, in-situ calibration of the buoy meteorological sensors by comparison
with instrumentation installed on the ship, and collection of underway and on station
oceanographic data to continue to characterize the upper ocean in the stratus region. Underway
CTD (UCTD) profiles were collected along the track. Surface drifters and subsurface floats
were also launched along the track.Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
under Grant No. NA09OAR4320129
WHOI Hawaii Ocean Timeseries Station (WHOTS) : WHOTS-6 2009 mooring turnaround cruise report
The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Hawaii Ocean Timeseries Site
(WHOTS), 100 km north of Oahu, Hawaii, is intended to provide long-term, high-quality air-sea
fluxes as a part of the NOAA Climate Observation Program. The WHOTS mooring also serves
as a coordinated part of the Hawaiian Ocean Timeseries (HOT) program, contributing to the
goals of observing heat, fresh water and chemical fluxes at a site representative of the
oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean. The approach is to maintain a surface mooring outfitted for
meteorological and oceanographic measurements at a site near 22.75°N, 158°W by successive
mooring turnarounds. These observations will be used to investigate airâsea interaction processes
related to climate variability.
The first WHOTS mooring (WHOTS-1) was deployed in August 2004. Turnaround cruises for
successive moorings (WHOTS-2 through WHOTS-5) have typically been in either June or July.
This report documents recovery of the WHOTS-5 mooring and deployment of the sixth mooring
(WHOTS-6). The moorings utilize Surlyn foam buoys as the surface element and are outfitted
with two AirâSea Interaction Meteorology (ASIMET) systems. Each ASIMET system measures,
records, and transmits via Argos satellite the surface meteorological variables necessary to
compute airâsea fluxes of heat, moisture and momentum. The upper 155 m of the mooring is
outfitted with oceanographic sensors for the measurement of temperature, conductivity and
velocity in a cooperative effort with R. Lukas of the University of Hawaii (UH). A pCO2 system
is installed on the buoy in a cooperative effort with Chris Sabine at the Pacific Marine
Environmental Laboratory. Dr. Frank Bradley, CSIRO, Australia, assisted with meteorological
sensor comparisons. A NOAA âTeacher at Seaâ and a NOAA âTeacher in the Labâ participated
in the cruise.
The WHOTS mooring turnaround was done on the University of Hawaii research vessel
Kilo Moana, Cruise KM-09-16, by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of the Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution in cooperation with UH and NOAAâs Earth System Research
Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division (ESRL/PSD). The cruise took place between 9 and 17
July 2009. Operations began with deployment of the WHOTS-6 mooring on 10 July at
approximately 22°40.0'N, 157°57.0'W in 4758 m of water. This was followed by meteorological
intercomparisons and CTDs at the WHOTS-6 and WHOTS-5 sites. The WHOTS-5 mooring was
recovered on 15 July 2009. The Kilo Moana then moved to the HOT central site (22°45.0'N,
158°00.0'W) for CTD casts. This report describes the cruise operations in more detail, as well as
some of the in-port operations and pre-cruise buoy preparations.Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
under Grant No. NA17RJ1223 for the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Ocean Research (CICOR)
Using Network Component Analysis to Dissect Regulatory Networks Mediated by Transcription Factors in Yeast
Understanding the relationship between genetic variation and gene expression is a central question in genetics. With the availability of data from high-throughput technologies such as ChIP-Chip, expression, and genotyping arrays, we can begin to not only identify associations but to understand how genetic variations perturb the underlying transcription regulatory networks to induce differential gene expression. In this study, we describe a simple model of transcription regulation where the expression of a gene is completely characterized by two properties: the concentrations and promoter affinities of active transcription factors. We devise a method that extends Network Component Analysis (NCA) to determine how genetic variations in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) perturb these two properties. Applying our method to a segregating population of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we found statistically significant examples of trans-acting SNPs located in regulatory hotspots that perturb transcription factor concentrations and affinities for target promoters to cause global differential expression and cis-acting genetic variations that perturb the promoter affinities of transcription factors on a single gene to cause local differential expression. Although many genetic variations linked to gene expressions have been identified, it is not clear how they perturb the underlying regulatory networks that govern gene expression. Our work begins to fill this void by showing that many genetic variations affect the concentrations of active transcription factors in a cell and their affinities for target promoters. Understanding the effects of these perturbations can help us to paint a more complete picture of the complex landscape of transcription regulation. The software package implementing the algorithms discussed in this work is available as a MATLAB package upon request
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