The Next Generation of Axion Helioscopes: The International Axion Observatory (IAXO)

The International Axion Observatory (IAXO) is a proposed 4th-generation axion helioscope with the primary physics research goal to search for solar axions via their Primakoff conversion into photons of 1 \u2013 10 keV energies in a strong magnetic field. IAXO will achieve a sensitivity to the axion-photon coupling ga\u3b3 down to a few 710 1212 GeV 121 for a wide range of axion masses up to 3c 0.25 eV. This is an improvement over the currently best (3rd generation) axion helioscope, the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST), of about 5 orders of magnitude in signal strength, corresponding to a factor 3c 20 in the axion photon coupling. IAXO's sensitivity relies on the construction of a large superconducting 8-coil toroidal magnet of 20 m length optimized for axion research. Each of the eight 60 cm diameter magnet bores is equipped with x-ray optics focusing the signal photons into 3c 0.2 cm2 spots that are imaged by very low background x-ray detectors. The magnet will be built into a structure with elevation and azimuth drives that will allow solar tracking for 12 hours each day. This contribution is a summary of our papers [1], [2] and [3] and we refer to these for further details

Preliminary safety and efficacy of first-line pertuzumab combined with trastuzumab and taxane therapy for HER2-positive locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer (PERUSE).

BACKGROUND: Pertuzumab combined with trastuzumab and docetaxel is the standard first-line therapy for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, based on results from the phase III CLEOPATRA trial. PERUSE was designed to assess the safety and efficacy of investigator-selected taxane with pertuzumab and trastuzumab in this setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In the ongoing multicentre single-arm phase IIIb PERUSE study, patients with inoperable HER2-positive advanced breast cancer (locally recurrent/metastatic) (LR/MBC) and no prior systemic therapy for LR/MBC (except endocrine therapy) received docetaxel, paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel with trastuzumab [8\u2009mg/kg loading dose, then 6\u2009mg/kg every 3\u2009weeks (q3w)] and pertuzumab (840\u2009mg loading dose, then 420\u2009mg q3w) until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was safety. Secondary end points included overall response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS: Overall, 1436 patients received at least one treatment dose (initially docetaxel in 775 patients, paclitaxel in 589, nab-paclitaxel in 65; 7 discontinued before starting taxane). Median age was 54\u2009years; 29% had received prior trastuzumab. Median treatment duration was 16\u2009months for pertuzumab and trastuzumab and 4\u2009months for taxane. Compared with docetaxel-containing therapy, paclitaxel-containing therapy was associated with more neuropathy (all-grade peripheral neuropathy 31% versus 16%) but less febrile neutropenia (1% versus 11%) and mucositis (14% versus 25%). At this preliminary analysis (52 months' median follow-up), median PFS was 20.6 [95% confidence interval (CI) 18.9-22.7] months overall (19.6, 23.0 and 18.1\u2009months with docetaxel, paclitaxel and nab-paclitaxel, respectively). ORR was 80% (95% CI 78%-82%) overall (docetaxel 79%, paclitaxel 83%, nab-paclitaxel 77%). CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary findings from PERUSE suggest that the safety and efficacy of first-line pertuzumab, trastuzumab and taxane for HER2-positive LR/MBC are consistent with results from CLEOPATRA. Paclitaxel appears to be a valid alternative taxane backbone to docetaxel, offering similar PFS and ORR with a predictable safety profile. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: NCT01572038

Senecio bolivarianus in the Peruvian central Andes

Volume: 67Start Page: 118End Page: 12

Signaling Pathways in Rare Lymphomas

Here we give an overview of select signaling pathways understood or thought to play a key role in the pathogenesis of lymphomas, covering examples of both B-cell and T-cell lymphomas. The selection focuses on providing well-understood examples and may serve as a guideline also for entities not covered in these sections. Remarkably many of these cancers are characterized by genetic alterations that lead to activation of the NF-\u3baB and JAK/STAT pathways. A striking example is seen in MALT lymphoma where recurrent chromosomal translocations targeting different regulatory nodes lead to NF-\u3baB activation. We discuss these mechanisms as well as more disease-specific alterations such as oncogenic activation of MYC in Burkitt\u2019s lymphoma, of TAX in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, of ALK in peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and the MyD88 L265P mutation in Waldenstr\uf6m\u2019s macroglobulinemia. DNA damage pathways are equally of importance and discussed in the context of with mantle cell lymphoma and Burkitt\u2019s lymphoma. A striking example of how dysregulation of immune surveillance pathways interfaces with activation of oncogenic pathways is seen in the case of primary mediastinal B-cell lymphom

Establishing Competence Levels in Translation. First Results of the NACT Project

This paper presents the research project the PACTE group is carrying out on \u201cEstablishing Competence Levels in the Acquisition of Translation Competence in Written Translation\u201d. The project aims to propose level descriptors as a first step towards developing a common European framework of reference for translation\u2019s academic and professional arenas. The project is a continuation of PACTE\u2019s previous experimental research on translation competence and its acquisition. Representatives of both academic and professional arenas participate in the project. It is organized into three stages, the first of which involved the production of a first level descriptor proposal, including a three-level scale with sub-levels and five descriptive categories (language competence; cultural, world knowledge, and thematic competence; instrumental competence; translation service provision competence; and translation problem solving competence). This proposal produced is to be evaluated by experts from the academic and professional arenas. This paper sets out the project, as well as the first leveldescriptor proposal

Does meniscus removal affect ACL-deficient knee laxity? An in vivo study

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to determine, in vivo, the effect of different types of meniscectomy on an ACL-deficient knee. Methods: Using a computer-assisted navigation system, 56 consecutive patients (45 men and 11 women) were subjected to a biomechanical testing with Lachman test (AP30), drawer test (AP90), internal/external rotation test, varus/valgus rotation test and pivot-shift test. The patients were divided into three groups according to the status of the medial meniscus. Group BH, 8 patients with bucket-handle tear of medial meniscus underwent a subtotal meniscectomy; Group PHB, 19 patients with posterior horn body of medial meniscus tear underwent a partial meniscectomy; and Group CG with isolated ACL rupture, as a control group, with 29 patients. Results: A significant difference in anterior tibial translation was seen at 30 grades and in 90 grades between BH and PHB groups compared to the CG. In response to pivot-shift test, no significant differences in terms of AREA and POSTERIOR ACC were found among the three groups (n.s). Concerning the anterior displacement of the pivot shift a statistically significant differences among the three tested groups was found. Conclusion: The present study shows that meniscal defects significantly affect the kinematics of an ACL-deficient knee in terms of anterior tibial translation under static and dynamic testing

Chapter 19. The second stage of PACTE Group\u2019s research

Since PACTE Group was formed in 1997, its aim has been to research the acquisition of TC. Since no empirically validated model of TC was available at the time, the group had first to propose a TC model and validate it empirically before looking into the Acquisition of TC (ATC). The results of the first part of PACTE\u2019s research (the proposal and validation of a TC model) are presented in the foregoing chapters of this book. Having validated its TC model, PACTE\u2019s research into ATC began in January 2010. In 2011, a total of 130 first- to fourth-year translator trainees and recent graduates from the Translation and Interpreting degree course at the Universitat Aut\uf2noma de Barcelona participated in an experiment. Data analysis of the results of the experiment is almost complete at the time of writing (PACTE 2014, 2015, submitted a, b)

First Results of PACTE Group's Experimental Research on Translation Competence Acquisition: The Acquisition of Declarative Knowledge of Translation

This paper presents the first results of empirical-experimental research into the Acqui-sition of Translation Competence (ATC): the acquisition of declarative knowledge about translation. This study is based on our previous research about Translation Competence (TC). Some of the data collection instruments have, however, been adap-ted for current use. Details of our research design include type of study, universe and sample population, study variables, data collection instruments, and data analysis processes. The dependent variables were knowledge of translation; translation pro-ject; identification and solution of translation problems; decision-making; efficacy of the translation process; and use of instrumental resources. The results of the first variable analysed (\u201cKnowledge of Translation\u201d) will be presented. A questionnaire with 27 items was used to obtain data on translator train-ees\u2019 knowledge of translation: their concept of translation and TC; translation units; types of translation problems; the different phases involved in the translation process; methods required; procedures used (strategies and techniques); and the role of the translation brief and the target reader. Indicators of this variable were \u2018dynamic index\u2019 and \u2018coefficient of coherence\u2019. We understand a \u2018dynamic\u2019 concept of translation to be textual, interpretative, communicative and functional; as opposed to a \u2018static\u2019 con-cept that may be defined as linguistic and literal. The dynamic index allows us to see whether a subject\u2019s implicit knowledge about how translation works is more dynamic or more static, whereas the coherence coefficient allows us to see whether the subject\u2019s vision of different aspects of translation is coherent

Results of PACTE\u2019s Experimental Research on the Acquisition of Translation Competence. The Acquisition of Declarative and Procedural Knowledge in Translation. The Dynamic Translation IndexThe Dynamic Translation Index

The aim of this article is to present the results of PACTE's experimental research on the Acquisition of Translation Competence. The results focus on the Knowledge of Translation (declarative knowledge) and Translation Project (procedural knowledge) variables, the indicators of which are the dynamic index and the coherence coefficient. The dynamic index indicates the degree to which subjects' (declarative and procedural) knowledge about translation is dynamic; a dynamic concept of translation is understood to be textual, interpretative, communicative and functionalist. The coherence coefficient indicates the degree to which subjects' approach to different aspects of translation is coherent (in Knowledge of Translation), and whether subjects' approach to the translation of a text is coherent with their approach to the translation of translation units (in Translation Project). We correlated the two variables' dynamic index data to calculate the Dynamic Translation Index, which reflects the consistency of subjects' concept of translation and their approach to specific translation problems