38 research outputs found
Three new tree-frogs from Panama and Bolivia
http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/56646/1/OP207.pd
A new frog from British Guiana
http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/56615/1/OP176.pd
A new Gastrotheca from Venezuela
http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/56546/1/OP107.pd
Observations upon the habits of Ascaphus truei Stejneger
http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/56523/1/OP084.pd
Observations on Typhlops from Puerto Rico and some of the adjacent islands
http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/56746/1/OP307.pd
Notes on a collection of amphibians and reptiles from eastern Nicaragua
http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/56796/1/OP357.pd
Why do authoritarian regimes provide public goods? Policy communities, external shocks and ideas in Chinaâs rural social policy making
Recent research on authoritarian regimes argues that they provide public goods in order to prevent rebellion. This essay shows that the âthreat of rebellionâ alone cannot explain Chinese party-state policies to extend public goods to rural residents in the first decade of the twenty-first century. Drawing on theories of policy making, it argues that Chinaâs one-party regime extended public goods to the rural population under the influence of ideas and policy options generated by policy communities of officials, researchers, international organisations and other actors. The party-state centre adopted and implemented these ideas and policy options when they provided solutions to external shocks and supported economic development goals. Explanations of policies and their outcomes in authoritarian political systems need to include not only âdictatorsâ but also other actors, and the ideas they generate