El género del discurso como unidad de la lingüística moderna

The article discusses approaches to the study of speech genres in linguistics late 20th – early 21st century, draws attention to the diversity of approaches to the identification and analysis of genres of speech, reveals the specificity of the term genre in linguistic science and its place in genristika and aspects of his reference.В статье рассматриваются подходы к изучению жанров речи в лингвистике конца ХХ – начала ХХI века, обращается внимание на многогранность подходов к выявлению и анализу жанров речи, раскрывается специфичность термина «жанр» в лингвистической науке, его место в генристике и аспекты референции.В статье рассматриваются подходы к изучению жанров речи в лингвистике конца ХХ – начала ХХI века, обращается внимание на многогранность подходов к выявлению и анализу жанров речи, раскрывается специфичность термина «жанр» в лингвистической науке, его место в генристике и аспекты референции

Estimation of the immediate and distant results after radical surgerios in gastric cancer with pylorostenosis dependent on the stage of the tumoral process

Catedra Hematologie şi Oncologie a USMF „N.Testemiţanu”, Laboratorul Gastropulmonologie al IMSP Institutul OncologicThe research on 113 patients with gastric cancer with pilorostenosis after a radical surgery the index of survival immediate and distant dependent on the stage of the tumoral process. Regardless the stage of the tumoral process, majority patients - 89% survival from some month until 5 years. Though 24 patients survival 5 – 10 years and after even the 10 years. Too, majority patients which survival 5 and more years the included T1-2-3N0M0 stage. T1-2N0M0 stage registred on 14 patients, but T3N0-2M0 stage – 10 patients. Thus, distance survival after 5 years dependent by stage of the tumoral process. Other on 24 patients of survival after 5 years included in T1-2-3N0-2M0 stage. Never patient with T4N0-2M0 stage doesn't survival after 5 years. Pe un lot de 113 bolnavi de cancer gastric cu pilorostenoză operaţi radical s-a evaluat supravieţuirea imediată şi la distanţă în conformitate cu stadiul procesului tumoral. Indiferent de stadiul procesului tumoral, majoritatea bolnavilor – 89% au supravieţuit de la câteva luni până la 5 ani. Cu toate acestea 24 de bolnavi au supravieţuit 5-10 şi chiar peste 10 ani. De asemenea, se confirmă faptul că majoritatea bolnavilor, care au supravieţuit 5 şi mai mulţi ani s-au încadrat în stadiile T1-2-3N0M0. Stadiul T1-2N0M0 s-a înregistrat la 14 bolnavi, iar stadiul T3N0-2M0 – la 10 bolnavi. Astfel s-a constatat că supravieţuirea la distanţă peste 5 ani corelează în mod direct cu stadiul procesului tumoral. Cei 24 bolnavi ce au supravieţuit peste 5 ani s-au încadrat în stadiile T1-2-3N0-2M0. Nici un bolnav cu stadiul T4N0-2M0 nu a supravieţuit peste 5 ani. Astfel, putem încheia că bolnavilor de cancer gastric chiar şi în cazurile complicaţiilor de tip pilorostenoze le putem oferi o şansă la supravieţuirea de 5 şi mai mulţi ani

The first hominin of Europe

The earliest hominin occupation of Europe is one of the most debated topics in palaeoanthropology. However, the purportedly oldest of the Early Pleistocene sites in Eurasia lack precise age control and contain stone tools rather than human fossil remains(1-5). Here we report the discovery of a human mandible associated with an assemblage of Mode 1 lithic tools and faunal remains bearing traces of hominin processing, in stratigraphic level TE9 at the site of the Sima del Elefante, Atapuerca, Spain(6-8). Level TE9 has been dated to the Early Pleistocene ( approximately 1.2 - 1.1 Myr), based on a combination of palaeomagnetism, cosmogenic nuclides and biostratigraphy. The Sima del Elefante site thus emerges as the oldest, most accurately dated record of human occupation in Europe, to our knowledge. The study of the human mandible suggests that the first settlement of Western Europe could be related to an early demographic expansion out of Africa. The new evidence, with previous findings in other Atapuerca sites ( level TD6 from Gran Dolina(9-13)), also suggests that a speciation event occurred in this extreme area of the Eurasian continent during the Early Pleistocene, initiating the hominin lineage represented by the TE9 and TD6 hominins.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/62855/1/nature06815.pd

Remdesivir and three other drugs for hospitalised patients with COVID-19: final results of the WHO Solidarity randomised trial and updated meta-analyses.

BACKGROUND World Health Organization expert groups recommended mortality trials of four repurposed antiviral drugs - remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, and interferon beta-1a - in patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). METHODS We randomly assigned inpatients with Covid-19 equally between one of the trial drug regimens that was locally available and open control (up to five options, four active and the local standard of care). The intention-to-treat primary analyses examined in-hospital mortality in the four pairwise comparisons of each trial drug and its control (drug available but patient assigned to the same care without that drug). Rate ratios for death were calculated with stratification according to age and status regarding mechanical ventilation at trial entry. RESULTS At 405 hospitals in 30 countries, 11,330 adults underwent randomization; 2750 were assigned to receive remdesivir, 954 to hydroxychloroquine, 1411 to lopinavir (without interferon), 2063 to interferon (including 651 to interferon plus lopinavir), and 4088 to no trial drug. Adherence was 94 to 96% midway through treatment, with 2 to 6% crossover. In total, 1253 deaths were reported (median day of death, day 8; interquartile range, 4 to 14). The Kaplan-Meier 28-day mortality was 11.8% (39.0% if the patient was already receiving ventilation at randomization and 9.5% otherwise). Death occurred in 301 of 2743 patients receiving remdesivir and in 303 of 2708 receiving its control (rate ratio, 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81 to 1.11; P = 0.50), in 104 of 947 patients receiving hydroxychloroquine and in 84 of 906 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.89 to 1.59; P = 0.23), in 148 of 1399 patients receiving lopinavir and in 146 of 1372 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.25; P = 0.97), and in 243 of 2050 patients receiving interferon and in 216 of 2050 receiving its control (rate ratio, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.39; P = 0.11). No drug definitely reduced mortality, overall or in any subgroup, or reduced initiation of ventilation or hospitalization duration. CONCLUSIONS These remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, and interferon regimens had little or no effect on hospitalized patients with Covid-19, as indicated by overall mortality, initiation of ventilation, and duration of hospital stay. (Funded by the World Health Organization; ISRCTN Registry number, ISRCTN83971151; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04315948.)