PRINCIPIUL AUTODETERMINĂRII ÎNAINTE DE 1919

This paper aims to examine the denotation of the principle of self-determination before the Pace Treaty from 1919 and the extent to which the principle underpinned the peace treaties that followed the First World War. As such, it configures the two great ways of defining the principle on which the peace treaties were based: the principle of self-determination, connoted as self-governing, which guided the negotiations at the Versailles Peace Conference through President Wilson’s Fourteen Points, and the principle of self-determination, used in The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, and sustained by “the official socialism”

IDEI POLITICE ÎN ŢĂRILE ROMÂNE ÎNTRE 1821-1848 ASUPRA CONTEXTULUI POLITIC, CIVILIZAȚIONAL, IDEOLOGIC

This article is a fragment of the first chapter “Political Ideas in the Romanian Principalities between 1821-1848” of the Research Project Encyclopedia of Romanian Political Thought, vol. I: 1821-1918. It presents some of the most important factors that marked the emergence of modern political ideas of western inspiration in the Romanian Principalities after the abolition of the Phanariot regime and the restoration of the earthly rulers: domestic and regional political evolutions, ingress of Western ideologies of “Le siècle des lumières”, “accelerating the Westernization process” of the Moldavian-Wallachian society and the disciplinary evolution of the “scholars” research interests

On Politics Personalization and Presidentialization in Romania

The paper aims to examine the measure in which the process of politics personalization impacted the presidentialization of power in Romania after 1989. The general assumed thesis is that the personalization of politics, along with the style of political leadership, is the basic characteristic of intra-executive presidentialization in Romania. As such, the analysis of the main aspects of the politics personalization in post-communist Romania is preceded by some remarks on the categories of politics personalization and presidentialization

A Proposal for an Automatic Stabilizer in Social Justice

Generally, social justice has two sides which are intercorrelated and inter-dependend: a) constitutive social justice (for example, the so called commutative social justice); b) regulative social justice (for example, the so called distributive social justice). The paper approaches the regulative social justice, more exactly, an automatic mechanism to get it. To this end, an automatic stabilizer to provide distributive social justice, according to the Rawlsian principle of difference. Such an automatic stabilizer is grounded on the wealth, more precise, on the share of the wealth which is not invested in order to benefit to the more disadvantaged class of the society. Paper does not test empirically the proposal, such a propose remaining for next intervention in this publication

Economic and Qualitative Determinants of the World Steel Production

The aim of this paper is to highlight the influence of economic and qualitative factors on steel production globally, as well in the EU, US, and China, using a dataset corresponding to the period 2000–2015. The research methods used are the study of specialist literature, problematisation, modelling, and simulation using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The main conclusion of this paper is that, on long term, the steel production is largely influenced by the rate of real economic growth and by car production, even if in the short term the correlation is not obvious. Likewise, qualitative factors affect the steel industry in the context of current regulations on reducing carbon emissions and ensuring sustainable development. An additional aim of the present study is to define entropy in the sustainable development of steel production, as well as illustrate some of its properties and the quality management modelling of the research process in steel production

Entropy-Based Behavioural Efficiency of the Financial Market

The most known and used abstract model of the financial market is based on the concept of the informational efficiency (EMH) of that market. The paper proposes an alternative which could be named the behavioural efficiency of the financial market, which is based on the behavioural entropy instead of the informational entropy. More specifically, the paper supports the idea that, in the financial market, the only measure (if any) of the entropy is the available behaviours indicated by the implicit information. Therefore, the behavioural entropy is linked to the concept of behavioural efficiency. The paper argues that, in fact, in the financial markets, there is not a (real) informational efficiency, but there exists a behavioural efficiency instead. The proposal is based both on a new typology of information in the financial market (which provides the concept of implicit information—that is, that information ”translated” by the economic agents from observing the actual behaviours) and on a non-linear (more exactly, a logistic) curve linking the behavioural entropy to the behavioural efficiency of the financial markets. Finally, the paper proposes a synergic overcoming of both EMH and AMH based on the new concept of behavioural entropy in the financial market

Challenges of Secondary Glaucoma Management Following Congenital Cataract Surgery, Penetrating Keratoplasty and Vitreoretinal Surgery

Glaucoma is one of the world’s leading causes of irreversible vision loss. It is often asymptomatic until it reaches an advanced stage, which can have a significant impact on patients’ daily lives. This paper describes the case of a 50-year-old female patient who presented with acute onset of ocular pain, photophobia, and loss of visual acuity in her right eye (RE). The patient’s medical history includes congenital cataracts, surgical aphakia, nystagmus, strabismus, amblyopia, and secondary glaucoma. Ophthalmological examination showed BCVA RE-hand movement, left eye (LE)—0.08 with an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 30 mmHg in RE and 16 mmHg in LE. Biomicroscopic examination of RE showed corneal graft, epithelial and endothelial edema, endothelial precipitates, corneal neovascularization, aphakia, and Ahmed valve superotemporally. Despite maximal topical and systemic treatment, Ahmed valve, and trabeculectomy, secondary glaucoma in the right eye remained refractory. Reimplantation of an Ahmed valve was performed. This resulted in a favorable outcome with increased visual acuity and controlled intraocular pressure. The combination of aphakia, penetrating keratoplasty, and secondary glaucoma is a challenge for any surgeon. It is important that both the perioperative risks and the possible complications are carefully assessed in each patient, especially if associated pathology is present